Biomaterial investigations in dentistry最新文献

{"title":"The effect of simulated toothbrushing with regular and whitening dentifrices on the colour stability of high translucency zirconia.","authors":"Basapogu Sreeramulu, Varsha Umesh Revankar, Akula Vineela Rani, Anusha Reddy Pucha","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46463","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High translucency zirconia (HTZ) restorations are increasingly used for aesthetic dental applications due to their superior optical properties. However, colour stability under routine oral hygiene procedures, especially toothbrushing with regular or whitening dentifrices, remains a clinical concern. This study evaluated the effect of simulated toothbrushing on the colour stability (ΔE) of two different HTZ materials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty unglazed and unpolished HTZ samples (10 mm × 2 mm) were fabricated using Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and divided into two groups based on translucency (HTZ-A: 5.8-9.7 wt% yttria and HTZ-B: 4.4-5.5 wt% yttria; <i>n</i> = 30 each). Each group was subdivided into three subgroups (<i>n</i> = 10) according to the treatment: artificial saliva (control), regular dentifrice and whitening dentifrice. Baseline colour measurements were recorded using a reflectance spectrophotometer. Specimens underwent simulated toothbrushing or storage in artificial saliva for 520 min, simulating approximately 17 years of brushing. Colour differences (ΔE) were calculated using the CIELAB system. Data were analysed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Tukey's post-hoc test and independent t-tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Artificial saliva caused minimal colour change in both zirconia groups (ΔE = 1.677 for HTZA, 1.802 for HTZB). Regular dentifrice induced significant ΔE values (HTZ-A: 8.722, HTZ-B: 8.346), while whitening dentifrice caused a significantly highest colour change for HTZ-B (HTZ-A: 6.348, HTZ-B: 11.062). Pairwise comparison revealed significant differences among all subgroups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Intergroup analysis showed a significant difference between HTZ-A and HTZ-B only in the whitening dentifrice subgroup (<i>p</i> = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Simulated toothbrushing significantly affects the colour stability of HTZ restorations. Whitening dentifrices produced the greatest colour change in highly translucent zirconia. Material composition and dentifrice selection should be considered to maintain long-term aesthetics of zirconia restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>in vitro</i> assessment of enamel remineralization and cytotoxicity of experimental silver diamine fluoride.","authors":"Pailin Tribuppachatsakul, Piyaphong Panpisut, Dhananthat Chawhuaveang, Ollie Yiru Yu, Somying Patntirapong, Piyaporn Pultanasarn","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46612","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This in vitro study evaluated the enamel remineralization potential and cytotoxicity of an experimental 38% silver diamine fluoride prepared using a silver nitrate precursor (EXP-SDF; Dentalife, Melbourne, Australia). EXP-SDF was compared with commercial 38% SDF (Topamine; Dentalife), 5% NaF varnish (Duraphat; Colgate-Palmolive, USA), and 2.1% NaF gel (ClinproClear; 3M ESPE Dental Products, USA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fluoride and silver concentrations, as well as the pH of EXP-SDF, were initially examined. Enamel specimens were prepared and randomized into five groups: Topamine, EXP-SDF, Duraphat, ClinproClear, and deionized water (control). The enamel specimens were demineralized and treated with materials and then subjected to a 14-day pH-cycling regimen. Enamel surface remineralization was quantified as the percentage of surface microhardness recovery (%SMHR). Mineral precipitation on the surface was then examined using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Cytotoxicity of the experimental SDF was also evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EXP-SDF exhibited a higher fluoride concentration but comparable pH to Topamine. The increase in enamel surface microhardness of EXP-SDF (35%) was similar to that of Topamine (34%) (<i>p</i> = 0.98). The SDF groups also showed significantly higher %SMHR than Duraphat (-7%) and ClinproClear (-45%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Raman spectroscopy showed a reduction in the phosphate peak after demineralization, but the peaks after pH cycling were comparable across all groups. XRD patterns identified hydroxyapatite peaks in all groups, with the silver-containing phases only detected in the SDF-treated groups. SEM-EDX revealed high levels of Ag and F on the enamel surface of both Topamine and EXP-SDF. The cell viability of Topamine (77%) was also comparable to that of EXP-SDF (70%) (<i>p</i> = 0.32).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EXP-SDF promoted comparable remineralization of demineralized enamel and <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxicity comparable to that of commercial SDF. The remineralizing effects of SDF groups were also higher than those of professional NaF products.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing endodontic imaging: a high-resolution comparison between CBCT and micro-CT in the danger zone.","authors":"Gabriel de Toledo Telles-Araujo, Raimundo Sales de Oliveira Neto, Mariana Quirino Silveira Soares, Heitor Marques Honório, Viviane Almeida Sarmento, Marco Antônio Hungaro Duarte, Izabel Regina Fischer Rubira-Bullen","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46618","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) protocols for measuring submillimetric dentin thickness in the danger zone (DZ) of mandibular molars, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as the reference standard.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty-one extracted mandibular molars were scanned using micro-CT and two CBCT devices under different acquisition protocols (Standard, High Fidelity, High Resolution [HIRE], and Imaging System [i-CAT]). After three-dimensional image registration, dentin thickness in the DZ, located 2 mm below the furcation, was measured in both mesial canals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All CBCT protocols significantly underestimated dentin thickness compared with micro-CT (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with discrepancies ranging from 4.5 to 8.6%. Underestimation was more pronounced in the mesiolingual canal. The HIRE protocol (0.125 mm voxel size) showed the smallest discrepancy, whereas the i-CAT protocol showed the largest.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CBCT systematically underestimates dentin thickness in the DZ and is not metrically equivalent to micro-CT for submillimetric measurements. Measurement accuracy is influenced by acquisition parameters and cannot be explained by voxel size alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface roughness of contemporary resin composites after exposure to energy drinks.","authors":"Jhonatan Vilca-Mayta, José Giancarlo Tozo-Burgos, Marco Sánchez-Tito","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46583","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three energy drinks (Red Bull^®, Volt^®, and 360 Energy Drink^®) on the surface roughness of three contemporary resin composites: Filtek Z350 XT, PALFIQUE LX5, and Vittra APS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An <i>in vitro</i> experimental design was conducted with 108 resin specimens (<i>n</i> = 12 per group). After polishing, baseline roughness (Ra, µm) was measured using a profilometer. Specimens were immersed in one of the three beverages for 1 and 7 days, with daily renewal. Roughness was recorded at T₀, T₁, and T₂. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model with Sidak-adjusted post hoc comparisons (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All resins composites exhibited a progressive increase in Ra from T₀ to T₂. Filtek Z350 XT showed the greatest resistance to surface degradation, while PALFIQUE LX5 and Vittra APS were more susceptible. Red Bull^® and 360 Energy Drink^® induced greater roughness increases than Volt^® (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Although most roughness values remained at or near the clinically accepted threshold of Ra ≤ 0.2 µm, a slight increase above this threshold was observed for PALFIQUE LX5 exposed to 360 Energy Drink^® at T₂. A significant resin × time interaction (<i>p</i> = 0.034) indicated that degradation patterns depended on composite type.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Energy drinks promoted measurable increases in the surface roughness of all evaluated resin composites. Filtek Z350 XT showed greater resistance to roughness changes, whereas PALFIQUE LX5 and Vittra APS demonstrated higher susceptibility to acidic degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of effervescent multivitamin solutions on the color stability of contemporary resin composites: an in vitro study.","authors":"Yeliz Hayriye Yazıcıoğlu Pirpir, Osman Tolga Harorlı","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46591","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Given the limited evidence on the effect of effervescent multivitamin solutions on the color stability of contemporary resin composites, this study aimed to evaluate and compare their impact under simulated daily use conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Five resin composites (Charisma Smart, Filtek One Bulk Fill, Omnichroma, Ruby Comp Nano, Ruby Flow) were tested using 200 disk-shaped specimens divided into a distilled water control group and three experimental groups: Sambucol Plus (SMB), Supradyn Effervescent Tablet (SPR), and Youplus Vitamin C, Zinc, Propolis (YPL) effervescent tablets. Each tablet was dissolved in 200 mL distilled water; specimens were immersed twice daily for 2 min over 28 days. Color measurements (CIELAB, ΔE₀₀, Whiteness Index) were taken at baseline, 14 and 28 days using a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA); Welch ANOVA and Games-Howell post-hoc tests were used where appropriate, with the significance level set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resin composite and immersion solution had significant effects on color change (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while time interval was also significant (<i>p</i> = 0.009). After 28 days, the highest discoloration was observed in Filtek One Bulk Fill immersed in Youplus (ΔE₀₀ = 9.93 ± 0.73), followed by Omnichroma immersed in Supradyn (ΔE₀₀ = 5.63 ± 0.83). Several groups exceeded the clinical acceptability threshold (ΔE₀₀ = 1.8), particularly Filtek One Bulk Fill and Omnichroma exposed to Youplus and Supradyn. Significant time × composite, time × solution, and time × composite × solution interactions were detected (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). The Whiteness Index also showed significant changes over time, particularly in the Youplus- and Supradyn-exposed groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this in vitro study, multivitamin effervescent tablets adversely affected the color stability of some resin composites, particularly Filtek One Bulk Fill and Omnichroma. Further clinically relevant and in vivo studies are needed to determine the significance of these findings under oral conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13449964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical performance of monocrystalline and polycrystalline ceramic brackets: a prospective in vivo study of color stability and light transmittance.","authors":"Elif Nadide Akay Polat, Berza Yilmaz","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46474","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>Ceramic brackets are widely used in aesthetic orthodontics; however, their optical stability under intraoral conditions remains incompletely understood. While previous studies have predominantly assessed color change in vitro, prospective clinical data simultaneously evaluating both chromatic parameters and light transmittance are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo color stability and light transmittance of monocrystalline and polycrystalline ceramic brackets after 3 months of intraoral exposure, and to determine whether crystalline structure influences the magnitude of optical degradation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty patients (13-22 years) were included in this prospective split-mouth longitudinal clinical study. Eight ceramic bracket types were evaluated: four monocrystalline (3M™ Gemini Clear, Inspire Ice™, Hubit™ Perfect Clear II, AO™ Radiance Plus™) and four polycrystalline (3M™ Clarity™ Advanced, AO™ 20/40, Dentsply Sirona Resolve™, GC™ Chic). Brackets were ligated onto archwires without bonding to enamel to prevent composite-induced discoloration. Color measurements (CIE L*a*b*) were obtained using a VITA Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer, and light transmittance was measured with an LEDex CM4000 radiometer at baseline (T0) and after 3 months (T1). Nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Wilcoxon signed-rank) were used for statistical analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All brackets exhibited statistically significant color and transmittance changes after intraoral exposure (<i>p</i> < 0.001). All brands demonstrated 'extremely marked' color changes according to National Bureau of Standards (NBS) criteria (NBS > 6). 3M™ Clarity™ Advanced showed the highest ΔE (median: 11.22 [interquartile range, IQR: 8.48-13.31]), whereas AO™ Radiance Plus™ exhibited the greatest transmittance reduction (ΔTr: median -10.00 [IQR: -15.00 to -5.00]). A weak negative correlation was observed between ΔE and ΔTr. Crystalline structure significantly influenced baseline optical parameters (Tr0, L0, a0) but did not determine the overall magnitude of color change (ΔE) or transmittance loss (ΔTr).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intraoral exposure significantly impairs the optical properties of aesthetic ceramic brackets. Crystalline structure influences baseline optical properties and the direction of chromatic shift (Δa, medium effect; Δb, small effect) but not the overall magnitude of color change (ΔE) or transmittance loss (ΔTr). Brand-specific manufacturing characteristics appear to be the primary determinants of long-term aesthetic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13410305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protease-processed amnion: biological rationale and translational constraints.","authors":"Raghuram Manickam, Vijaya Nirmala Subramani","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46528","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amnion-derived biomaterials have attracted interest in dentistry because of their anti-inflammatory, anti-scarring, and wound-healing properties. Among available preparation strategies, protease-processed amnion has been proposed as a method to better preserve structural integrity and support cellular responses, with preliminary evidence suggesting accelerated wound healing. This mini review examines the biological rationale for protease-processed amnion, compares it with conventional membrane processing approaches, and evaluates its possible role in extraction socket healing, periodontal regeneration, and oroantral repair. Available evidence suggests promising preclinical performance, but clinical support in intraoral settings remains limited. Key barriers include variability in processing, sterilization, storage, regulatory oversight, and the need for well-designed clinical trials before routine dental use can be recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148594782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of graphene-based intracanal medicament on push-out bond strength of different endodontic sealers in root canal dentin - an in vitro study.","authors":"Rathna Piriyanga, Manish Ranjan, Anand Sherwood","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46558","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Graphene-based hydrogels incorporating antimicrobial agents, such as allicin and silver nanoparticles, offer potential therapeutic benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an allicin-incorporated graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle hydrogel on the push-out bond strength of endodontic sealers and the influence of different removal protocols.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 60 extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared to F3 size protaper and irrigated with 3% sodium hypochlorite and 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) The experimental hydrogel (allicin + graphene oxide + silver nanoparticles in 2% sodium alginate base) was placed in all canals and incubated for 7 days. Specimens were randomised by sealer type (AH Plus, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Fillapex, Sealapex) and removal protocol: syringe irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), or XP-Endo Finisher activation. Push-out bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. A subset of specimens (<i>n</i> = 3 per protocol) underwent Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis to evaluate residual medicament. Data were statistically analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Push-out bond strength was significantly influenced by both sealer type and removal protocol (<i>p</i> < 0.05). AH Plus exhibited the highest bond strength (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 5.2 ± 1.4 MPa), followed by Sealapex (1.9 ± 0.3 MPa) and MTA Fillapex (1.5 ± 0.4 MPa). Activation-assisted protocols (PUI: 4.8 ± 1.2 MPa; XP-Endo Finisher: 5.0 ± 1.3 MPa) significantly increased bond strength compared to syringe irrigation alone (3.1 ± 1.0 MPa; <i>p</i> < 0.05). SEM/EDX analysis revealed minimal residual hydrogel after activation, without adversely affecting sealer adhesion. Bond strength was highest in the cervical third and lowest in the apical third (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The allicin-incorporated graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle hydrogel did not compromise the push-out bond strength of the evaluated endodontic sealers when appropriate medicament removal protocols were employed. PUI and XP-Endo Finisher activation effectively facilitated hydrogel removal and maintained sealer adhesion, supporting the potential use of this material as an intracanal medicament.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148594777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dentine moisture conditions on interfacial adaptation of a calcium silicate-based sealer compared with an epoxy resin-based sealer: an SEM/EDX analysis.","authors":"Maha M Yahya, Baidaa Mohammed Zeidan, Njwan Fadhel Shehab","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46517","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To evaluate the effect of dentine moisture conditions on interfacial adaptation of a calcium silicate-based sealer (Bio-C Sealer) compared with that of an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus Jet) at different root levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty extracted single-rooted teeth were prepared using ProTaper Universal system up to size F3 and randomly allocated to two groups (<i>n</i> = 30) according to the type of sealer. Each group was then further subdivided into three subgroups (<i>n</i> = 10 each) according to dentine moisture condition: dry (ethanol as final irrigant), normal moist (blotted dry), and wet (canals left flooded). Root sections (2 mm in thickness) were obtained at 3 mm (apical) and 8 mm (coronal). Interfacial adaptation was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, while elemental composition was analyzed utilizing energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX). Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dentine moisture significantly affected interfacial adaptation. AH Plus Jet demonstrated superior adaptation under dry conditions, while Bio-C Sealer demonstrated optimal adaptation under moist conditions. EDX analysis revealed significantly higher levels of calcium and phosphorus in the Bio-C Sealer compared with the AH Plus group (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.019; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.036). Within the Bio-C Sealer group, calcium levels were significantly lower coronally (<i>p</i> = 0.016) than apically. Silicon and carbon were higher in AH Plus (<i>p</i> < 0.01), while oxygen was higher in Bio-C (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dentine moisture conditions significantly influence the performance of sealer. AH Plus performs optimally under dry conditions, while Bio-C Sealer demonstrates superior performance in moist environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of delayed placement and resin matrix composition on adhesion between layers of resin composites.","authors":"Suvi Vallittu, Sufyan Garoushi, Lippo Lassila, Pekka K Vallittu","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46529","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of delay time in resin composite placement and resin matrix composition on interlayer adhesion between two successive composite layers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three experimental resin composites were prepared by mixing 79 wt.% particulate filler with 21 wt.% dimethacrylate-based resin matrices (urethane dimethacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate [UDMA/TEGDMA]; ethoxylated bisphenol-A-dimethacrylate/urethane dimethacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate [Bis-EMA/UDMA/TEGDMA]; bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate [Bis-GMA/TEGDMA]). Fifteen groups of specimens were prepared (<i>n</i> = 6/group), consisting of a cured composite substructure onto which a successive surface layer was applied at different time intervals following light-initiated polymerization (0, 10 minutes, 1, 24, and 72 hours). After 2 days of dry storage at 37°C, interlayer adhesion was evaluated by measuring shear bond strength (SBS) using a universal testing machine. Failure modes were visually assessed. In addition, oxygen inhibition layer (OIL) thickness was measured microscopically, and Vickers hardness and viscosity were determined. Data were analyzed using two-way and one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SBS values ranged from 10.3 ±2.4 to 24.5 ±3.0 MPa. Both placement delay time and resin matrix composition significantly affected SBS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). SBS decreased significantly when the application of the second successive layer was delayed beyond 1 hour, with the lowest values observed after 72 hours, particularly in Bis-GMA-based composites. The highest SBS was observed in the UDMA/TEGDMA group at 1 hour. Cohesive failure within the substructure was seen in all specimens. The UDMA/TEGDMA group exhibited the lowest OIL thickness (29.35 ± 0.69 µm).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both incremental application timing and resin matrix composition significantly influenced composite interlayer adhesion. Short delays (10-60 minutes) enhanced interlayer adhesion, whereas prolonged delays (24-72 hours) resulted in a reduction in interlayer adhesion.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}