Biomaterial investigations in dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Short-term histopathological effects of direct peripheral nerve exposure to AH Plus® Bioceramic Sealer in rats: an exploratory assessment of Stemregen® supplementation.","authors":"Haydar İrfan Yücel, Mevlüt Sinan Ocak, Ebru Gökdere, Serkan Dundar, İbrahim Hanifi Özercan","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46483","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extrusion of root canal sealers into neurovascular tissues can result in rare but serious neurological complications, including paresthesia and neuropathic pain. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological effects of direct peripheral nerve exposure to AH Plus® Bioceramic Sealer and to assess the influence of Stemregen® supplementation on histopathological tissue responses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups ( <i>n</i> = 12): Control, Supplement only, Bioceramic only, and Bioceramic + Supplement. Sterile polyethylene tubes containing AH Plus® Bioceramic Sealer were applied in contact with the sciatic nerve in the relevant groups. Stemregen® was administered orally at 300 mg/kg/day for 15 days. At the end of the experiment, nerve tissues were harvested and examined histologically. Nerve tissues were evaluated histologically for axonal and myelin degeneration, inflammatory infiltration, fibrosis, and perineurial changes using semiquantitative scoring, and intergroup comparisons were performed using nonparametric statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc analysis).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Severe axonal degeneration, inflammation, and fibrosis were observed in the Bioceramic group compared to controls ( <i>p</i> < 0.05). The Bioceramic + Supplement group showed lower histological damage scores than the Bioceramic-only group; however, these differences were not statistically significant ( <i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that direct exposure to a bioceramic root canal sealer is associated with histopathological alterations in peripheral nerve tissue, whereas systemic administration of Stemregen® was associated with lower injury scores without achieving statistical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of abutment materials on peri-implant tissues health-a systematic review.","authors":"Waad Kheder, Renita Rego, Marwan Mansoor Mohammed, Zaid Hamdoon, Waseem Jerjes","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46210","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abutment materials play a critical role in maintaining peri-implant tissue health, influencing both biological responses and aesthetic outcomes in implant-supported restorations. With the introduction of newer materials and digital fabrication techniques, an updated evaluation of their clinical performance is warranted.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the influence of different abutment materials-titanium, zirconia, and polyether ether ketone (PEEK)-on peri-implant tissue health based on contemporary clinical evidence.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus databases in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Clinical studies published between 2019 and 2026 were included to reflect current advancements in implant prosthodontics. Eligible human studies assessing the impact of abutment materials on peri-implant tissue health were selected based on predefined criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Due to heterogeneity in study design, outcome measures, and follow-up duration, a meta-analysis was not feasible, and a qualitative synthesis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 13 studies were included. Titanium abutments demonstrated consistent performance, with stable marginal bone levels, low inflammatory response and high long-term predictability. Zirconia abutments showed comparable biological outcomes, with superior soft tissue response and aesthetic integration, particularly in anterior regions. Evidence regarding PEEK abutments was limited; however, preliminary findings suggest reduced inflammatory response and favorable biocompatibility. The included studies exhibited substantial heterogeneity in methodology and outcome reporting, limiting direct comparisons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Titanium remains the most reliable abutment material due to its well-established clinical performance and mechanical stability. Zirconia represents a suitable alternative in aesthetically demanding situations, offering favorable soft tissue outcomes. PEEK demonstrates promising biological potential but lacks sufficient long-term clinical evidence to support routine use. Future research should focus on well-designed, long-term comparative studies with standardized outcome measures to strengthen the evidence base and guide clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148406966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propolis-xenograft scaffolds: comparing delivery methods for tibial bone regeneration in rats.","authors":"Yunia Dwi Rakhmatia, Lisda Damayanti, Rasmi Rikmasari, Nuroh Najmi, Sri Tjahajawati, Eriska Riyanti","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46215","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alveolar bone loss after tooth extraction may compromise implant placement and often requires regenerative treatment. Propolis, a natural compound with osteogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, may enhance bone regeneration, particularly when combined with xenograft biomaterials. This study evaluated the effects of oral and topical propolis, alone and in combination with xenograft, on bone healing in a rat tibial defect model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups (<i>n</i> = 10): control, oral propolis, topical propolis, xenograft, oral propolis with xenograft, and topical propolis with xenograft. Standardized tibial defects (5 × 2 × 2 mm) were created and treated accordingly. After 4 weeks, radiographic, histological, and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Outcomes included relative bone density, new bone area, and osteoblast and osteoclast counts. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative bone density increased from 19% in the control group to 81% in the topical propolis with xenograft group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This group also showed the largest new bone area (434,196 ± 153,911 µm² vs. 89,408 ± 42,376 µm²; <i>p</i> < 0.001), higher osteoblast counts (178.4 ± 44.2 vs. 49.4 ± 15.2), and lower osteoclast counts compared with single-treatment groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Combination treatments, particularly topical propolis with xenograft, consistently yielded superior outcomes (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Propolis enhances bone regeneration, especially when applied topically in combination with xenograft. This approach promotes bone formation and balanced remodeling, supporting its potential for clinical application in bone regenerative therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148406933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion resistance of straight and C-clasp stainless steel wrought wires in artificial saliva.","authors":"Eri Hendra Jubhari, Baiq Zalfa Zahira Aurellia Nityasari, Rifaat Nurrahma","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46369","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stainless steel wires are commonly used in removable partial dentures, but their corrosion resistance may be affected by intraoral pH changes and mechanical deformation, such as bending into C-clasps.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the corrosion resistance of straight and C-clasp stainless steel wires in artificial saliva (pH 5.5 and 7.0) and to assess the influence of bending on corrosion behavior.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An in vitro experimental study was conducted using four groups of stainless steel wires: straight pH 5.5, C-clasp pH 5.5, straight pH 7.0, and C-clasp pH 7.0. The samples were immersed for 4 weeks, with weekly weight measurements and corrosion rate calculations performed. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) or the Friedman test and two-way ANOVA for intergroup comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of pH on corrosion behavior (<i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas wire configuration had no significant effect (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Acidic conditions (pH 5.5) resulted in significantly greater weight loss in both straight and C-clasp wires than neutral conditions, indicating increased corrosion in acidic environments. At pH 7.0, the corrosion rates were minimal or slightly negative, suggesting limited corrosion or minor weight changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Environmental pH plays a central role in corrosion behavior, with acidic conditions accelerating degradation. No significant effect of bending into a C-clasp on corrosion susceptibility was observed under the present conditions. Maintaining an optimal oral pH may help preserve the integrity of stainless steel components in removable partial dentures.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of microleakage in restorative materials used for deep cervical margin elevation: a systematic review.","authors":"Shalonny Brithany Garzón Idrovo, Jaqueline Michelle Naula Farez, Martha Alejandra Cornejo Cordova, Maria de Lourdes Leon Vintimilla","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46289","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aims to evaluate and compare the rate of microleakage (ML) in deep margin elevation (DME) of posterior teeth with subgingival margins using different materials and techniques.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>An electronic search was conducted between May and August 2025 across three databases, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, using the following keywords: \"deep marginal elevation\" OR \"proximal box elevation\" OR \"Cervical margin relocation\" OR \"coronal margin relocation\" OR \"open sandwich technique\" AND \"microleakage.\" A secondary search was conducted in PubMed using the same terms without quotation marks. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were applied, and the search was restricted to full-text, in vitro studies published in English between 2014 and 2025 that evaluated ML in DME. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for In Vitro Studies (QUIN) tool by two independent reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53 articles were screened, and 18 were included. The most frequently compared material among the studies was resin composite, particularly bulk-fill flowable resin composite (BF-FRC) composites, while various types of glass ionomers were less commonly evaluated. Lower ML was observed with the snowplow and centripetal techniques. The type of adhesive was found to influence the marginal integrity of restorations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evidence highlights the superiority of BF-FRC composites in reducing ML rates in DME when used with self-etch adhesives. Nevertheless, clinicians should remain cautious considering the limitations of the existing evidence. Regarding the technique employed, current evidence is insufficient to determine which approach more effectively reduces ML due to methodological heterogeneity and the lack of direct comparisons.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148392695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear bond strength of three composite resins for orthodontic bracket bonding on enamel and ceramic surfaces: an in vitro study after accelerated aging.","authors":"Melina Nohemi Atarihuana Diaz, Mauricio Aguirre Balseca, Marjory Elizabeth Vaca Zapata, Karina Maria Salvatore Freitas, Krisnaya Muñoz","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46209","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of three composite resins, Z250 (3M), Transbond XT (3M), and Brace Paste (AO), used for orthodontic bracket bonding on human enamel and ceramic surfaces, after undergoing accelerated aging.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An in vitro experimental design was conducted using 30 enamel specimens (human premolars) and 30 ceramic specimens (Brava Block, FGM), divided into three subgroups per substrate (<i>n</i> = 10 each). All specimens were etched (37% phosphoric acid for enamel, 9.6% hydrofluoric acid for ceramic), treated with silane (ceramics), and bonded using the designated composite resins. Specimens were subjected to an autoclave aging protocol. SBS was measured using a universal testing machine, and statistical analysis included Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), <i>t</i> tests, and chi-square tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transbond XT exhibited the highest mean SBS on ceramic surfaces (10.4 ± 5.2 MPa), while Brace Paste showed the highest SBS on enamel (7.3 ± 2.4 MPa). However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the composite resins in either substrate (<i>p</i> > 0.05). All materials demonstrated SBS values within or close to the clinically acceptable range for orthodontic bonding (approximately 6-8 MPa).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although numerical differences were found, all three composite resins demonstrated comparable performance. When appropriate surface conditioning protocols are applied, any of the tested materials can be considered reliable for bracket bonding to both enamel and ceramic substrates. Further in vivo studies are recommended to validate long-term durability.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148354898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pull-off bond strength of orthodontic molar bands cemented to enamel with novel calcium silicate, glass ionomer, and zinc phosphate cement.","authors":"Mariantonietta Leo, Ishan El Khadery, Michel Dalstra, Dirk Leonhardt, Bahram Ranjkesh, Henrik Løvschall","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46290","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This in vitro study compared the pull‑off bond strength of orthodontic molar bands cemented to enamel using a novel fast‑setting and bioactive calcium silicate cement (CSC), a glass ionomer cement (GIC), and a zinc phosphate cement after 1 month of storage in phosphate‑buffered saline (PBS).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ninety extracted human molars were randomly allocated to three groups and fitted with orthodontic molar bands. Bands were cemented using a novel fast‑setting CSC (Protooth), a GIC (Orthocem B), or a zinc phosphate cement (DeTrey Zinc) according to manufacturers' instructions. After storage in PBS for 28 days, band debonding was performed using a universal testing machine in a wire‑loop pull‑off configuration at a cross‑head speed of 1 mm/min. The maximum load at failure was divided by the band surface area to calculate pull‑off bond strength (MPa). Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by pairwise Mann-Whitney U tests with Holm-Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median pull‑off bond strength of the CSC was 1.22 MPa (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.93-1.34 MPa), which was significantly higher than that of the GIC 0.50 MPa (IQR: 0.33-0.79 MPa; <i>p</i> < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between the CSC and zinc phosphate cement 0.92 MPa (IQR: 0.61-1.23 MPa; <i>p</i> ≥ 0.05). All specimens exhibited similar failure modes, with less than 30 % cement remaining on enamel following debonding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the novel fast‑setting CSC demonstrated pull‑off bond strength similar to zinc phosphate cement and significantly higher than GIC after 1 month of storage in PBS. Further studies are required to evaluate the clinical performance and long‑term behavior of this material.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148347660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of food-simulating liquids on flexural strength, Vickers microhardness, and surface roughness of IPS e.max Press and CEREC Tessera.","authors":"Asmaa Abdeewi, Seham A Elsawaay, Ahmed A Mhanni, Abubaker Qutieshat","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46275","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lithium disilicate ceramics are widely used for indirect restorations, yet their mechanical performance may be influenced by fabrication route and chemical challenge from foods and beverages.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effects of food-simulating liquids (FSLs) on flexural strength, Vickers microhardness, and surface roughness of pressed lithium disilicate (IPS e.max Press) and Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) advanced lithium disilicate (CEREC Tessera).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred fifty rectangular specimens were prepared using IPS e.max Press and CEREC Tessera (<i>n</i> = 75 each) and allocated into five groups per material (<i>n</i> = 15): one unconditioned control group, artificial saliva (7 days at 37°C), 0.02% citric acid, 20% ethanol, or 50% ethanol. Citric acid and ethanol groups underwent three 5-minute challenge cycles followed by re-storage in artificial saliva. Flexural strength was assessed by three-point bending. Microhardness (Vickers HV1/10) and surface roughness (Ra) were measured on independent specimens. Data were analysed using two-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc test for flexural strength and surface roughness. For microhardness, factorial analysis was limited to the comparable shared conditions because ethanol-exposed IPS e.max Press specimens did not yield reliable Vickers measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CEREC Tessera showed higher flexural strength than IPS e.max Press across conditions (control: 362.6 ± 15.4 vs 331.0 ± 8.5 MPa). Ethanol reduced strength in both materials, with the greatest reduction in 50% ethanol (238.0 ± 9.6 vs 147.4 ± 7.5 MPa). Across comparable conditions, CEREC Tessera also showed higher microhardness, while reliable Vickers measurements could not be obtained for ethanol-exposed IPS e.max Press specimens. Surface roughness increased after acidic and alcoholic exposure in both materials, although CEREC Tessera remained smoother overall (control: 0.06 ± 0.02 vs 0.67 ± 0.36 µm).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CEREC Tessera demonstrated superior flexural strength, microhardness, and surface integrity compared with IPS e.max Press after exposure to FSLs, suggesting that fabrication route influences laboratory performance under chemical challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13307464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148347692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of non-carious cervical restorations with different cavity configurations: a microscopy and OCT analysis.","authors":"Ayla Macyelle de Oliveira Correia, Peter Hamilton Tomlins, Robert William Read, Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele, Eduardo Bresciani, Ana Raquel Benetti","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46121","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this <i>in vitro</i> study was to assess marginal and internal gap formation in simulated non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) of different cavity configurations and restored with either bulk-fill or nanofilled resin composite, before and after thermocycling. NCCLs with 2.3 mm diameter and approximately 3.5 mm³ volume were prepared in 40 human molars in two cavity configurations (<i>n</i> = 20): saucer (1.3 mm depth) or wedge (1.9 mm depth) shape. The adhesive Clearfil SE Bond was used in all groups. These cavities were randomly divided according to the resin composite used (<i>n</i> = 10): Filtek Z350 XT or Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative. The marginal and internal adaptation of the composite at cavity margins was assessed before and after thermal aging (TA) (5000 cycles between 5 and 55°C) using a plane light microscope and optical coherence tomography (OCT), respectively. The 3D images captured by OCT were analyzed by obtaining 16 B-scans per specimen using a custom-made script for software MATLAB R2019a, Update 3. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and paired <i>t</i>-tests (α = 0.05). Regarding the marginal gap, there was no statistically significant difference between the saucer and wedge cavity configurations, before or after TA, nor between cavities restored with bulk-fill or nanofilled composite (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Likewise, for the internal gap, no significant differences were found for the cavity configuration nor the resin composite (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Restorations placed in saucer or wedge cavity configurations showed similar marginal and internal adaptation, regardless of the type of resin composite, and gap formation was not aggravated by thermocycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13292823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of repetitive diamond bur use on the trueness and surface roughness of subtractively manufactured PICN restorations.","authors":"Xiaoyun Liu, Andrew B Cameron, Ketil Hegerstrøm Haugli, Adriane Andersen Mougios, Nicholas C K Heng, Joanne Jung Eun Choi","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.46232","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.46232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Progressive diamond bur degradation during the subtractive manufacturing (SM) of polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks (PICNs) compromises restorative clinical quality. To evaluate the degradation extent across two SM systems and investigate its effects on the trueness and surface roughness of PICN crowns.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 121 premolar crowns were fabricated from PICN blocks (Vita Enamic) using two SM machines (PrograMill PM7 and inLab MC X5). Crown trueness was quantified by superimposing crown scans onto the original digital design using three-dimensional inspection software (Geomagic Control X) and reported as the root-mean-square (RMS) ± standard deviation (µm). Surface roughness (Ra, Sa, Sq) was measured using confocal microscopy. Bur degradation was assessed after every five crown fabrications using machine-reported lifespan, surface roughness, and color deviation maps. Diamond bur tips, before and after use, were examined using scanning electron microscopy to characterize wear patterns. Statistical comparisons were performed both between and within machines using Welch's Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in regional trueness (<i>p</i> < 0.0001): the PM7 yielded more accurate intaglio (inner) surfaces (22.21 ± 4.31 µm), while the MC X5 achieved higher external surface trueness (17.89 ± 2.76 µm). Bur degradation led to distinct error modes - whereas the PM7 exhibited a significant increase in negative deviations (overmilling), the MC X5 predominantly resulted in under-milled surfaces but with less impact from bur degradation. Crown surface roughness also differed between the two SM systems. While a consistent decreasing trend in surface roughness was observed in the MC X5 with repetitive milling cycles, the PM7 showed an initial decline followed by an accelerated increase after the 55th crown.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rate and extent of bur degradation varied by systems, causing distinct impacts on crown quality. Degradation in the PM7 predominantly resulted in adverse over-milling errors, whereas the MC X5 was more likely to cause inadequate material removal. System-specific degradation mechanisms substantially affect the ultimate quality of restorations. Surface roughness initially decreased in both SM systems; however, the systems followed divergent late-stage trajectories - one maintained a downward trend while the other exhibited a U-shaped recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"46232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13282732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}