Simarpreet Bhamra, Ritesh Singla, Suresh D Kulkarni, Padmaja A Shenoy, Nishu Singla, Vathsala Patil, Sandeep Kasana, Sudarshana Devadiga
{"title":"氧化钛和钴掺杂铁酸锌涂层不锈钢正畸托槽对变形链球菌的体外抗菌研究。","authors":"Simarpreet Bhamra, Ritesh Singla, Suresh D Kulkarni, Padmaja A Shenoy, Nishu Singla, Vathsala Patil, Sandeep Kasana, Sudarshana Devadiga","doi":"10.2340/biid.v12.44819","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White spot lesions (WSL), plaque buildup, and poor oral hygiene are all consequences of the intricate bracket patterns found in fixed orthodontic treatment. Therefore, coatings made of titanium oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and cobalt-doped zinc ferrite (CZFO) nanoparticles were evaluated for their antibacterial qualities to address this issue.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial effects of TiO<sub>2</sub> and CZFO when used as surface modificants for orthodontic stainless-steel brackets in reducing the proliferation of <i>Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted as two main groups: a TiO<sub>2</sub> group and a CZFO group. Each group was subsequently divided into three subgroups: a control group (petri dish containing <i>S. mutans</i> strain in broth without brackets), uncoated brackets (<i>n</i> = 20), and coated brackets (<i>n</i> = 20) resulting in a total of 40 brackets per group. The brackets were coated using a hydrothermal process followed by microbiological assays to determine the colony-forming units (CFU) of <i>S. mutans</i>.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Results were analyzed within groups using one-way ANOVA, followed by <i>post hoc</i> Tukey tests. Differences between the two coatings were analyzed using independent Student's t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In their respective groups, the TiO<sub>2</sub>-coated and CZFO-coated brackets showed significantly lower CFUs of <i>S. mutans</i> (2.46 ± 0.15 and 2.93 ± 0.59 log<sub>10</sub>CFU/mL, respectively) than the control group (5.07 ± 0.24 and 4.64 ± 0.30 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/mL respectively) and the uncoated brackets (4.56 ± 0.49 and 4.52 ± 0.24 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/mL respectively) (Group TiO<sub>2</sub>-<i>p</i> < 0.001, Group CZFO-<i>p</i> = 0.004) . No significant difference in CFU was found between TiO<sub>2</sub> and CZFO coatings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, both TiO<sub>2</sub> and CZFO coated brackets proved to be better than their respective control groups at reducing the viability of <i>S. mutans</i>. CZFO coated brackets exhibited antibacterial effects comparable to UV-activated TiO₂ brackets, even under visible light.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"44819"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12505161/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Antibacterial effect of titanium oxide and cobalt-doped zinc ferrite coated stainless steel orthodontic brackets against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> - an in-vitro study.\",\"authors\":\"Simarpreet Bhamra, Ritesh Singla, Suresh D Kulkarni, Padmaja A Shenoy, Nishu Singla, Vathsala Patil, Sandeep Kasana, Sudarshana Devadiga\",\"doi\":\"10.2340/biid.v12.44819\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White spot lesions (WSL), plaque buildup, and poor oral hygiene are all consequences of the intricate bracket patterns found in fixed orthodontic treatment. Therefore, coatings made of titanium oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and cobalt-doped zinc ferrite (CZFO) nanoparticles were evaluated for their antibacterial qualities to address this issue.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial effects of TiO<sub>2</sub> and CZFO when used as surface modificants for orthodontic stainless-steel brackets in reducing the proliferation of <i>Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted as two main groups: a TiO<sub>2</sub> group and a CZFO group. Each group was subsequently divided into three subgroups: a control group (petri dish containing <i>S. mutans</i> strain in broth without brackets), uncoated brackets (<i>n</i> = 20), and coated brackets (<i>n</i> = 20) resulting in a total of 40 brackets per group. The brackets were coated using a hydrothermal process followed by microbiological assays to determine the colony-forming units (CFU) of <i>S. mutans</i>.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Results were analyzed within groups using one-way ANOVA, followed by <i>post hoc</i> Tukey tests. Differences between the two coatings were analyzed using independent Student's t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In their respective groups, the TiO<sub>2</sub>-coated and CZFO-coated brackets showed significantly lower CFUs of <i>S. mutans</i> (2.46 ± 0.15 and 2.93 ± 0.59 log<sub>10</sub>CFU/mL, respectively) than the control group (5.07 ± 0.24 and 4.64 ± 0.30 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/mL respectively) and the uncoated brackets (4.56 ± 0.49 and 4.52 ± 0.24 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/mL respectively) (Group TiO<sub>2</sub>-<i>p</i> < 0.001, Group CZFO-<i>p</i> = 0.004) . No significant difference in CFU was found between TiO<sub>2</sub> and CZFO coatings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, both TiO<sub>2</sub> and CZFO coated brackets proved to be better than their respective control groups at reducing the viability of <i>S. mutans</i>. CZFO coated brackets exhibited antibacterial effects comparable to UV-activated TiO₂ brackets, even under visible light.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":72378,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry\",\"volume\":\"12 \",\"pages\":\"44819\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12505161/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v12.44819\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v12.44819","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Antibacterial effect of titanium oxide and cobalt-doped zinc ferrite coated stainless steel orthodontic brackets against Streptococcus mutans - an in-vitro study.
Background: White spot lesions (WSL), plaque buildup, and poor oral hygiene are all consequences of the intricate bracket patterns found in fixed orthodontic treatment. Therefore, coatings made of titanium oxide (TiO2) and cobalt-doped zinc ferrite (CZFO) nanoparticles were evaluated for their antibacterial qualities to address this issue.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial effects of TiO2 and CZFO when used as surface modificants for orthodontic stainless-steel brackets in reducing the proliferation of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans).
Materials and methods: The study was conducted as two main groups: a TiO2 group and a CZFO group. Each group was subsequently divided into three subgroups: a control group (petri dish containing S. mutans strain in broth without brackets), uncoated brackets (n = 20), and coated brackets (n = 20) resulting in a total of 40 brackets per group. The brackets were coated using a hydrothermal process followed by microbiological assays to determine the colony-forming units (CFU) of S. mutans.
Statistical analysis: Results were analyzed within groups using one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc Tukey tests. Differences between the two coatings were analyzed using independent Student's t-test.
Results: In their respective groups, the TiO2-coated and CZFO-coated brackets showed significantly lower CFUs of S. mutans (2.46 ± 0.15 and 2.93 ± 0.59 log10CFU/mL, respectively) than the control group (5.07 ± 0.24 and 4.64 ± 0.30 log10 CFU/mL respectively) and the uncoated brackets (4.56 ± 0.49 and 4.52 ± 0.24 log10 CFU/mL respectively) (Group TiO2-p < 0.001, Group CZFO-p = 0.004) . No significant difference in CFU was found between TiO2 and CZFO coatings.
Conclusion: In this study, both TiO2 and CZFO coated brackets proved to be better than their respective control groups at reducing the viability of S. mutans. CZFO coated brackets exhibited antibacterial effects comparable to UV-activated TiO₂ brackets, even under visible light.
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