Atherosclerosis plus最新文献

{"title":"Inclisiran for fast-track lipid-lowering treatment early after an acute coronary syndrome: a pilot study","authors":"Alessandro Lupi ,&nbsp;Martino Baluci ,&nbsp;Simone Persampieri ,&nbsp;Iacopo Perversi ,&nbsp;Davide Presutti ,&nbsp;Alberto Somaschini ,&nbsp;Giovanni Vincenzo Gaudio ,&nbsp;Luigina Guasti ,&nbsp;Marc Ferrini ,&nbsp;Alberto Corsini ,&nbsp;Roberto De Ponti","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) significantly increases cardiovascular risk. Timely reduction of LDL-C is crucial, but it takes several weeks to achieve optimal LDL-C levels with standard therapy. Monoclonal antibodies that inhibit PCSK9 have been demonstrated in some small randomised trials to rapidly abate LDL-C levels when used early after hospital admission for ACS. Inclisiran, a PCSK9-inhibiting siRNA, has recently been introduced into clinical practice; however, no information is available about its effectiveness and safety as a fast-track lipid-lowering agent in this clinical context.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective, real-world study evaluating a fast-track lipid-lowering approach starting inclisiran on top of standard therapy in 16 consecutive ACS patients admitted to our cardiac intensive care unit with a high baseline LDL-C level (147.2 ± 35.7 mg/dL). Patients started inclisiran as add-on therapy as soon as baseline LDL-C levels were available. We assessed LDL-C levels and the mean change of LDL-C at baseline, discharge, 15-day and 30-day follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Inclisiran, added to standard therapy, reduced LDL-C levels to 30.3 ± 13.0 mg/dL at 30-day follow-up. The guideline-recommended LDL-C levels (≤55 mg/dL, ≥50 % reduction) were achieved in 73.3 % of patients at 15 days and in 100 % of patients at 30 days, with no adverse effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This pilot study shows promise for inclisiran as a novel therapeutic option to improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ACS by contributing to achieving an early and sustained reduction in LDL-C levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and regional trends of mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease and liver cirrhosis in the United States between 1999 and 2019","authors":"Farah Yasmin ,&nbsp;Abdul Moeed ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahmed Ali Fahim ,&nbsp;Gaurav Kumar ,&nbsp;Maryam Shaharyar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Sohaib Asghar","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>National estimates of deaths related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and liver cirrhosis remain ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to observe the contemporary trends in CVD and liver cirrhosis-related mortality in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We evaluated the trends using the CDC WONDER database to identify adults with CVD and liver cirrhosis associated death between 1999 and 2019. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population and associated average annual percent changes (AAPCs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed using Joinpoint regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 1999 and 2019, a total of 374,090 deaths occurred due to CVD and liver cirrhosis. In the overall population, the AAMR increased from 7.54 (95 % CI 7.41–7.67) in 1999 to 10.55 (95 % CI 10.43–10.68) with an AAPC of 1.68 (95 % CI 1.59–1.77). The highest AAMRs were seen in males, Native Americans, and those living in West. A substantial increase in AAMRs was observed in all age groups with the highest seen in 70–84 year group. Moreover, non-metropolitan cities had a much higher increase in AAMRs compared to large metropolitan cities. The highest AAMRs were observed in California whereas the lowest in Utah.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is a rising trend of CVD and liver cirrhosis-associated mortality in all groups. However, disparities continue to exist in association with gender, race, age, and geographical region. Future trials should address alleviating CVD and liver cirrhosis-related deaths in all population groups equitably.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of lipid-lowering medications on oxidized phospholipids in individuals with elevated LIPOPROTEIN(a)","authors":"Amalia Despoina Koutsogianni ,&nbsp;Fotios Barkas ,&nbsp;Constantinos Tellis ,&nbsp;Alexandros Tselepis ,&nbsp;George Liamis ,&nbsp;Sotirios Tsimikas ,&nbsp;Evangelos Liberopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/introduction</h3><div>Oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) are bound to apolipoprotein B-100 (OxPL-apoB) and apolipoprotein(a) [OxPL-apo(a)] and are present freely within the phospholipid shell of apoB-containing lipoproteins. OxPLs have been linked with the pro-inflammatory properties of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. OxPLs carried on plasminogen (OxPL-PLG) may extend the time to fibrinolysis.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of lipid-lowering medications on OxPLs levels in individuals with elevated Lp(a) concentrations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective study, patients (n = 70) with Lp(a) levels ≥75 nmol/L were assigned to 3 treatment regimens according to current guidelines: high-intensity statin monotherapy (n = 28), ezetimibe added to high-intensity statin (n = 31) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) added to high-intensity statin plus ezetimibe (n = 11). Follow-up duration was 3 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients had a mean age of 51 ± 15 years, 40 % were male, 39 % were diagnosed with familial hypercholesterolemia, 16 % had atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and 36 %, 33 % and 15 % were at very high, high, and moderate cardiovascular risk, respectively. Lp(a) levels did not change significantly with high-intensity statin and add-on ezetimibe but significantly decreased with add-on PCSK9i treatment. OxPL-apoB and OxPL-apo(a) significantly increased, while OxPL-PLG significantly decreased with both high-intensity statin and add-on ezetimibe. Add-on PCSK9i treatment was associated with no significant changes in OxPL-apoB, OxPL-apo(a) and OxPL-PLG levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among patients with elevated Lp(a), both high-intensity statin and add-on ezetimibe significantly increased OxPL-apoB and OxPL-apo(a) levels, while significantly decreased OxPL-PLG levels. Add-on PCSK9i had no significant effect on OxPLs levels. The clinical implications of these findings should be further explored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 58-66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inclisiran in a real-world single-center registry of patients with very high atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk","authors":"Antonio Centola ,&nbsp;Michelangelo Carbonara ,&nbsp;Serena De Nuzzo ,&nbsp;Andrea Cuculo ,&nbsp;Antonio Ruggiero ,&nbsp;Giulio Campanale ,&nbsp;Massimo Iacoviello ,&nbsp;Paola Gargiulo ,&nbsp;Pasquale Perrone Filardi ,&nbsp;Natale Daniele Brunetti","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A mean relative 50 % reduction of LDL cholesterol (LDLc) levels was observed in randomized studies in patients treated with inclisiran, a small-interfering-RNA therapeutic agent that reduces hepatic synthesis of PCSK9. Less is known on real world and every-day practice patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty consecutive patients with or at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and treated with inclisiran according to Italian indications were enrolled in an observational study. LDLc levels were followed up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>26 patients had an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 11 FH; 46 % were on high-intensity statin therapy, 68 % on combination therapy statin/ezetimibe.</div><div>Mean LDLc level of the study population was 118 ± 12 mg/dl at baseline, 80 ± 18 mg/dl after 3 months, and 70 ± 15 mg/dl after 6 months (ANOVA p &lt; 0.001). The use of inclisiran was associated with significantly reduced LDLc levels of 21 % at 1 month and 44 % at 6 months.</div><div>LDLc reduction in patients with ACS was statistically significant and comparable with chronic CS. Patients receiving a background combination therapy (statin/ezetimibe) showed a greater reduction in circulating LDLc levels than patients using inclisiran alone. No significant side effects or treatment drop out were observed during follow up. Rates of subjects with LDLc levels below 70 mg/dl (Italian Drug Agency target) increased from 0 % at baseline to 56 % at 6 months (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In a real-world population 3–6 months of therapy with inclisiran provide consistent and effective reduction in LDLc levels without significant adverse side-effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 67-72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monocytes from people with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia are inflammatory, despite statin-treatment","authors":"Helen Williams ,&nbsp;Habib Francis ,&nbsp;Jasmin Huang ,&nbsp;Rekha Marimuthu ,&nbsp;Rana Baraz ,&nbsp;Heather Medbury ,&nbsp;Stephen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is characterised by high cholesterol and premature cardiovascular disease. While hypercholesterolaemia and inflammation are both key drivers in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, inflammation remains understudied in FH. Inflammatory (M1) macrophages contribute to plaque destabilisation and macrophage precursors, monocytes, can be skewed towards an inflammatory state. Aims: Determine; whether monocytes of FH individuals are inflammatory, if they readily form inflammatory macrophages, and whether this remains so in statin-treated individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Blood samples were collected from people with FH (statin-treated and untreated) and healthy controls. Lipid profile was obtained and monocyte inflammatory marker expression was determined by whole blood flow cytometry. Monocytes were cultured with autologous serum and resultant macrophage profile determined by flow cytometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher in the Untreated-FH group compared to the Treated-FH group and controls. In both Treated-FH and Untreated-FH groups, monocytes were inflammatory with high CD86 (M1). The ratio of inflammatory/anti-inflammatory markers (CD86/CD163) significantly correlated with LDL-C and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio across the cohort, indicating the high LDL-C of FH may promote an inflammatory monocyte profile. Monocyte-derived-macrophages from (Treated) FH individuals also had a more inflammatory profile (CD86 and CD86/CD163).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, monocytes show inflammatory skewing in FH individuals, even those with moderately-reduced cholesterol levels. These monocytes readily become inflammatory macrophages. This, along with subsequent inflammatory macrophage formation, could contribute to plaque destabilisation and downstream clinical events. This supports inflammatory monocyte targeting as a potential approach to reduce residual risk in FH individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between dolutegravir based first-line antiretroviral regimens and dyslipidemia among adults living with HIV on follow-up at health facilities in Hawassa city administration, Sidama region: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Agete Tadewos Hirigo ,&nbsp;Alemayehu Abera ,&nbsp;Daniel Yilma ,&nbsp;Ayalew Astatkie ,&nbsp;Zelalem Debebe","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inconsistent evidence on lipid alterations in people living with HIV (PLWH) on dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) highlights the need for further study. This study aimed to assess the association between DTG-based regimens and dyslipidemia among adults initiated on ART after the test-and-treat implementation in Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hawassa City Administration, Sidama region, southern Ethiopia from January 2023 to May 2024. Participants were selected using systematic random sampling. Sociodemographic, clinical, and other relevant data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, supplemented by a review of medical records. Dyslipidaemia was classified based on the NCEP ATP III guidelines. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with dyslipidemia. An adjusted odds ratio (aORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to determine the strength of the association, with statistical significance set at p &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 465 eligible adults, 450 participated in the study, attaining a response rate of 96.8 %. Of these, 262 (58.2 %) were female. Overall, 74.0 % (95 % CI: 69.8 %–78.0 %) of participants had dyslipidemia, with a higher prevalence in males (79.8 %) than in females (69.8 %). Low HDL-cholesterol was the most common lipid abnormality (66.4%), followed by high triglyceride and elevated total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio (each 34.2 %). ART initiation with DTG-based first-line regimen (aOR: 4.8; 95 %CI: 1.2–18.5), increased waist circumference (aOR: 1.06; 95 %CI: 1.01–1.11) and neck circumference (aOR: 1.2; 95 %CI: 1.06–1.5) were significantly associated with dyslipidemia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on the study findings, we recommend that routine lipid monitoring be integrated into the clinical management of PLWH on ART, to enable early detection and timely intervention for dyslipidemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 48-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging cytokines contribute to the clinical manifestation of carotid artery plaque formation and stability in patients with diabetes","authors":"Zhongqing Xu ,&nbsp;James Healy ,&nbsp;Wenhui Dong ,&nbsp;JingJing Ding ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Shen ,&nbsp;Xianzhen Feng ,&nbsp;Jun Zhou ,&nbsp;Rajesh Puranik ,&nbsp;Brett D. Hambly ,&nbsp;Shisan Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) promotes atherosclerosis and plaque instability through chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation. Emerging evidence implicates members of the interleukin-1 family—particularly IL-36, IL-37, and IL-38—in the modulation of inflammatory responses in diabetic and non-diabetic vascular disease. However, their roles in carotid atherosclerosis remain poorly defined.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective observational study, circulating cytokine levels were assessed in 20 T2DM and 40 non-DM individuals using ELISA. Carotid plaque samples (n = 50) were collected from endarterectomy procedures and categorised as stable (asymptomatic, n = 25) or unstable (symptomatic, n = 25) according to AHA criteria. Immunohistochemistry quantified local expression of IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, IL-37, and IL-38.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Circulating IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ were significantly elevated in T2DM patients, while IL-37 and IL-38 levels were unchanged. Immunohistochemistry revealed significantly increased expression of all five cytokines in unstable versus stable plaques. Stratification by diabetic status showed that this upregulation was exclusive to diabetic patients. Notably, IL-36β exhibited the most pronounced increase—over 25-fold—in unstable diabetic plaques. IL-37 and IL-38 were also elevated locally, likely reflecting compensatory anti-inflammatory responses, though their circulating levels remained unaffected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates differential expression of IL-36, IL-37, and IL-38 in carotid atherosclerotic plaques, with IL-36β emerging as a key pro-atherogenic cytokine in the diabetic setting. The distinct expression patterns of these cytokines in diabetic versus non-diabetic plaques suggest that T2DM exacerbates immune imbalance in atherosclerosis. These findings may inform future research on cytokine-targeted therapies for diabetic vascular complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lp(a) in daily clinical routine: risk-factor for both cardiovascular events and heart-failure? A retrospective analysis of the Luebeck Lp(a) heart-failure (HF) registry in patients after myocardial infarction","authors":"Matthias Mezger ,&nbsp;Tilmann Solle ,&nbsp;Dominik Jurczyk ,&nbsp;Caroline Fatum ,&nbsp;Felicitas Lemmer ,&nbsp;Ingo Eitel ,&nbsp;Christina Paitazoglou","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major health burden being the leading cause of death in Europe. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is an important risk factor for CV events reflected by the 2019 ESC recommendation of a once in a lifetime Lp(a) measurement. Furthermore, heart-failure (HF) is the number one diagnosis for hospital admission in Germany and Europe. HF and ASCVD share common well-known risk factors, e.g. diabetes, obesity and hypertension. So far, there is scarcity of data regarding the relationship between Lp(a) and HF. We hypothesized that Lp(a) might be elevated in a high-risk ASCVD patient collective and that there might also be an association with heart-failure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Luebeck Lp(a) HF registry is a combined retrospective/prospective single-center, all-comers registry which investigates the relationship between Lp(a) and HF. The retrospective analysis reported here, comprises patients who were admitted to our heart-catheterization laboratory in the year 2021 due to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that Lp(a) was assessed only in a minority of patients presenting with STEMI (33 %) and NSTEMI (14.6 %), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001. There was no relationship between Lp(a) level and ejection fraction (EF) or NTproBNP as surrogate markers for HF, respectively. Statin pretreatment was more frequent in patients with NSTEMI (31.1 %) compared to STEMI patients (11.3 %), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite ESC recommendation, routine Lp(a) measurement is only rarely performed even in a high-risk patient collective. In patients with MI, we could retrospectively not observe a correlation between Lp(a) levels and heart failure, as assessed by surrogate markers as EF and NTproBNP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidome of high-density lipoprotein is strongly perturbed in hyperalphalipoproteinemia resulting from a rare mutation in endothelial lipase","authors":"Livia Pisciotta ,&nbsp;Marie Lhomme ,&nbsp;Chiara Pavanello ,&nbsp;Maharajah Ponnaiah ,&nbsp;Arianna Strazzella ,&nbsp;Alice Ossoli ,&nbsp;Wilfried Le Goff ,&nbsp;Laura Calabresi ,&nbsp;Anatol Kontush","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both low and extremely high concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol are associated with elevated cardiovascular risk. As extremely high HDL-cholesterol states of hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HALP) are rare, HDL particles in this condition remain poorly characterised. HALP may result from mutations in endothelial lipase (EL), a hydrolytic enzyme present in the circulation. Using targeted LC/MS-MS, we quantified the lipidome of HDL isolated from three female subjects with HALP caused by a heterozygous [c.526 G &gt; T, p.(Gly176Trp)] variant of the <em>LIPG</em> gene and compared them with two healthy female controls. Our findings revealed a strongly perturbed HDL lipidome primarily involving enrichment in several phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine species. Some of these differences were equally observed in whole plasma. These alterations may reflect perturbations of lipoprotein metabolism secondary to defective lipid hydrolysis by EL and may have consequences for atheroprotective HDL functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in Ethiopian HIV patients on first-line versus second-line combined antiretroviral therapy","authors":"Balew Arega ,&nbsp;Gashaw Solela ,&nbsp;Tariku Fekadu ,&nbsp;Tirhas Tadesse ,&nbsp;Bekele Alemayehu ,&nbsp;Amanuel Zeleke ,&nbsp;Kidat Ayele","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV patients, but the impact of combined antiretroviral therapy regimens on its risk in Ethiopia is unclear. This study assessed the 10-year ASCVD risk in first-line versus second-line combined antiretroviral therapy and identified predictors of intermediate-to-high risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV patients on first-line and second-line combined antiretroviral therapy, randomly selected from government hospitals in Addis Ababa. A total of 340 patients were initially selected, with 331 included in the final analysis. Data were extracted from combined antiretroviral therapy registers and medical records. The 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk was estimated via pooled cohort risk equations. Logistic regression identified predictors of intermediate-to-high 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk (≥7.5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 53.2 ± 9.1 years, and 55.9 % were male. Among the total patients, 223 (67.5 %) were on first-line combined antiretroviral therapy, and 108 (32.5 %) were on second-lin<strong>e</strong> therapy<strong>.</strong> The proportion of participants with an intermediate-to-high 10-year ASCVD risk was 28.7 % (95 % CI: 25.7–33.8 %), with a significantly higher prevalence observed in the second-line combined antiretroviral therapy group (36.1 %) compared to the first-line group (25.1 %) (p = 0.005). Second-line combined antiretroviral therapy (AOR = 2.3; 95 % CI: 1.23–3.22; p = 0.02), detectable viral load (AOR = 1.73; 95 % CI: 1.04–2.88; p = 0.04), alcohol use (AOR = 2.01; 95 % CI: 1.23–3.49; p = 0.01), and being divorced (AOR = 4.10; 95 % CI: 3.14–9.66; p = 0.001) or widowed (AOR = 6.64; 95 % CI: 3.69–11.59; p = 0.02) were significantly associated with intermediate-to-high 10-year ASCVD risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Second-line antiretroviral therapy and modifiable risk factors were associated with significantly higher 10-year ASCVD risk. Routine screening and lipid management should be integrated into HIV care, particularly for patients on second-line therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}