Atherosclerosis plus最新文献

{"title":"Lp(a) in daily clinical routine: risk-factor for both cardiovascular events and heart-failure? A retrospective analysis of the Luebeck Lp(a) heart-failure (HF) registry in patients after myocardial infarction","authors":"Matthias Mezger ,&nbsp;Tilmann Solle ,&nbsp;Dominik Jurczyk ,&nbsp;Caroline Fatum ,&nbsp;Felicitas Lemmer ,&nbsp;Ingo Eitel ,&nbsp;Christina Paitazoglou","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major health burden being the leading cause of death in Europe. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is an important risk factor for CV events reflected by the 2019 ESC recommendation of a once in a lifetime Lp(a) measurement. Furthermore, heart-failure (HF) is the number one diagnosis for hospital admission in Germany and Europe. HF and ASCVD share common well-known risk factors, e.g. diabetes, obesity and hypertension. So far, there is scarcity of data regarding the relationship between Lp(a) and HF. We hypothesized that Lp(a) might be elevated in a high-risk ASCVD patient collective and that there might also be an association with heart-failure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Luebeck Lp(a) HF registry is a combined retrospective/prospective single-center, all-comers registry which investigates the relationship between Lp(a) and HF. The retrospective analysis reported here, comprises patients who were admitted to our heart-catheterization laboratory in the year 2021 due to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that Lp(a) was assessed only in a minority of patients presenting with STEMI (33 %) and NSTEMI (14.6 %), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001. There was no relationship between Lp(a) level and ejection fraction (EF) or NTproBNP as surrogate markers for HF, respectively. Statin pretreatment was more frequent in patients with NSTEMI (31.1 %) compared to STEMI patients (11.3 %), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite ESC recommendation, routine Lp(a) measurement is only rarely performed even in a high-risk patient collective. In patients with MI, we could retrospectively not observe a correlation between Lp(a) levels and heart failure, as assessed by surrogate markers as EF and NTproBNP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidome of high-density lipoprotein is strongly perturbed in hyperalphalipoproteinemia resulting from a rare mutation in endothelial lipase","authors":"Livia Pisciotta ,&nbsp;Marie Lhomme ,&nbsp;Chiara Pavanello ,&nbsp;Maharajah Ponnaiah ,&nbsp;Arianna Strazzella ,&nbsp;Alice Ossoli ,&nbsp;Wilfried Le Goff ,&nbsp;Laura Calabresi ,&nbsp;Anatol Kontush","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both low and extremely high concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol are associated with elevated cardiovascular risk. As extremely high HDL-cholesterol states of hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HALP) are rare, HDL particles in this condition remain poorly characterised. HALP may result from mutations in endothelial lipase (EL), a hydrolytic enzyme present in the circulation. Using targeted LC/MS-MS, we quantified the lipidome of HDL isolated from three female subjects with HALP caused by a heterozygous [c.526 G &gt; T, p.(Gly176Trp)] variant of the <em>LIPG</em> gene and compared them with two healthy female controls. Our findings revealed a strongly perturbed HDL lipidome primarily involving enrichment in several phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine species. Some of these differences were equally observed in whole plasma. These alterations may reflect perturbations of lipoprotein metabolism secondary to defective lipid hydrolysis by EL and may have consequences for atheroprotective HDL functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in Ethiopian HIV patients on first-line versus second-line combined antiretroviral therapy","authors":"Balew Arega ,&nbsp;Gashaw Solela ,&nbsp;Tariku Fekadu ,&nbsp;Tirhas Tadesse ,&nbsp;Bekele Alemayehu ,&nbsp;Amanuel Zeleke ,&nbsp;Kidat Ayele","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV patients, but the impact of combined antiretroviral therapy regimens on its risk in Ethiopia is unclear. This study assessed the 10-year ASCVD risk in first-line versus second-line combined antiretroviral therapy and identified predictors of intermediate-to-high risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV patients on first-line and second-line combined antiretroviral therapy, randomly selected from government hospitals in Addis Ababa. A total of 340 patients were initially selected, with 331 included in the final analysis. Data were extracted from combined antiretroviral therapy registers and medical records. The 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk was estimated via pooled cohort risk equations. Logistic regression identified predictors of intermediate-to-high 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk (≥7.5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 53.2 ± 9.1 years, and 55.9 % were male. Among the total patients, 223 (67.5 %) were on first-line combined antiretroviral therapy, and 108 (32.5 %) were on second-lin<strong>e</strong> therapy<strong>.</strong> The proportion of participants with an intermediate-to-high 10-year ASCVD risk was 28.7 % (95 % CI: 25.7–33.8 %), with a significantly higher prevalence observed in the second-line combined antiretroviral therapy group (36.1 %) compared to the first-line group (25.1 %) (p = 0.005). Second-line combined antiretroviral therapy (AOR = 2.3; 95 % CI: 1.23–3.22; p = 0.02), detectable viral load (AOR = 1.73; 95 % CI: 1.04–2.88; p = 0.04), alcohol use (AOR = 2.01; 95 % CI: 1.23–3.49; p = 0.01), and being divorced (AOR = 4.10; 95 % CI: 3.14–9.66; p = 0.001) or widowed (AOR = 6.64; 95 % CI: 3.69–11.59; p = 0.02) were significantly associated with intermediate-to-high 10-year ASCVD risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Second-line antiretroviral therapy and modifiable risk factors were associated with significantly higher 10-year ASCVD risk. Routine screening and lipid management should be integrated into HIV care, particularly for patients on second-line therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposed lipidology and preventive cardiology research priorities in Africa; Results of a Delphi survey","authors":"Alexander R.M. Lyons ,&nbsp;Frederick J. Raal ,&nbsp;Brett S. Mansfield ,&nbsp;David Marais ,&nbsp;Neusa P.J. Jessen ,&nbsp;Lambert T. Appiah ,&nbsp;Lilian Mbau ,&nbsp;Bernard Samia ,&nbsp;Ashraf Reda ,&nbsp;Tigist S. Mekonnen ,&nbsp;Albertino Damasceno ,&nbsp;Chala F. Oljira ,&nbsp;Meral Kayikcioglu ,&nbsp;Alberto Zambon","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite a population of over 1.5 billion, lipidology and preventive cardiology research of African origin is lacking in quantity and impact, and accounts for a small percentage of outputs globally due to limited resources to address the full breadth of unexplored research areas. We therefore conducted a Delphi survey on an expert panel of African clinical investigators to ascertain the proposed areas of priority to provide guidance on the future direction of African research in this field. Round one of the survey generated 58 proposed unanswered questions, and subsequent priority ratings of 1–5 of the proposed questions in two further rounds resulted in 42 priority research questions (PRQs) based on a two-thirds majority rating of 3–5 with 5 being the highest rating. Common themes amongst the 42 PRQs included mostly prevalence and distribution studies on hyperlipidaemia and lipid profiles and their risk of cardiovascular disease with emphasis on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, aortic stenosis, coronary artery disease, and acute coronary syndrome. The need for a cardiovascular risk score calculator appropriate for the different, diverse African populations was also emphasised. In conclusion, the results of this Delphi survey highlight a number of unanswered PRQs in lipidology and preventive cardiology in Africa that may be helpful to inform the strategic direction of future studies, education and funding in that underrepresented part of the world based on current priorities and may also have relevance globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 18-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of uric acid with all-cause mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients with T2DM","authors":"Bing-Yang Zhou ,&nbsp;Jian-Jun Yan ,&nbsp;Cui-Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong-Liang Cong ,&nbsp;Le Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The specific prognostic value of hyperuricemia for all-cause mortality in patients with concurrent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear, particularly regarding the modifying effect of glycemic control status (HbA1c levels). This study elucidated the uric acid (UA)-mortality association in ACS patients with T2DM and examined this relationship across different HbA1c subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>The study included 2265 ACS patients with T2DM who were assigned to four groups based on UA quartiles. During a median follow-up period of 4.4 years, 203 all-cause deaths occurred. Significant positive associations were found in patients with HbA1c level above 7 (Quartile 1 group: Hazard Ratio (HR): 3.215, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.525–6.780, p = 0.002; Quartile 3 group: HR: 2.725, 95 % CI: 1.308–5.678, p = 0.007; Quartile 4 group: HR: 3.369, 95 % CI: 1.644–6.905, p = 0.001). Interaction analysis between UA quartiles and HbA1c subgroups showed no statistical significance (p-interaction = 0.648). Restricted cubic splines revealed a J-shaped relationship between UA and all-cause mortality. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated higher event-free survival rates in the Quartile 2 group (log-rank test: p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A J-shaped curve characterizes the association between UA levels and all-cause mortality in patients with T2DM and ACS. Patients with an appropriate UA level exhibited better prognosis. Post-hoc analyses revealed stronger point estimates for the prognostic effect of UA in patients with suboptimal glycemic control, although interaction testing did not achieve statistical significance. Further studies with larger subgroup samples are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role and mechanism of PGC-1α in oxLDL-induced ferroptosis of vascular endothelial cells","authors":"Jiao Li ,&nbsp;Pingping He ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ranzun Zhao,&nbsp;Changyin Shen,&nbsp;Chaofu Li,&nbsp;Weiwei Liu,&nbsp;Zhijiang Liu,&nbsp;Xianping Long,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Bei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ferroptosis is a regulated form of cell death that is dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron metabolism. Ferroptosis can participate in the formation and rupture of atherosclerotic plaque by regulating apoptosis. However, the mechanism of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) ferroptosis in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (AS) requires further exploration. Previous studies have shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) can improve mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), but its specific role in VECs ferroptosis remains unclear. In this study, we found that oxLDL can induce VECs ferroptosis, and mitochondria are key to oxLDL-induced VECs ferroptosis. As a key regulator of mitochondrial function, the protein expression of PGC-1α was lower in oxLDL-treated VECs. Moreover, overexpression of PGC-1α inhibited oxLDL-induced VECs ferroptosis, whereas the role of PGC-1α was affected by its upstream regulatory molecule AMPK in this process. This study explores the new idea of oxLDL-induced VECs ferroptosis mediated by AMPK/PGC-1α to better understand the pathogenesis of vascular lesions caused by high lipid levels and provides a theoretical basis for the early prevention of AS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fucosterol exerts an anti-atherosclerotic action via NF-κB and p38/Erk MAPK signaling pathways","authors":"Tiancheng Liu ,&nbsp;Mengli Zhang ,&nbsp;Xian Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenxing Liu ,&nbsp;Huan Peng ,&nbsp;Feng Gui ,&nbsp;Wen Xiong ,&nbsp;Qijuan Liu ,&nbsp;Guojun Du ,&nbsp;Bo Liu ,&nbsp;Chenchen Zhang ,&nbsp;Junfeng Ma ,&nbsp;Quan Yuan ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from brown algae and has various biological properties, such anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-atherosclerosis effects of fucosterol <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ApoE^−/− mice were fed a high fat diet for 12 weeks with or without fucosterol treatment. H&amp;E staining and Oil Red O staining were performed to detect atherosclerotic lesion and lipid content in the aorta of mice. The lipid metabolism indexes in the mouse serum were measured. Macrophage infiltration into the aortic wall was detected using immunohistochemistry of CD68. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with 100 μg/mL ox-LDL to establish a cell model of atherosclerosis <em>in vitro</em>. The expression and protein levels of adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines in the aorta and HUVECs were measured using RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. The levels of oxidative stress-related markers in the mouse serum and HUVECs were measured using corresponding detection kits. The effects of fucosterol on the viability and apoptosis of HUVECs were detected using CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. The levels of NF-κB and p38/Erk MAPK pathway-related proteins in HUVECs were assessed by western blot.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fucosterol reduced atherosclerotic plaques and lipid levels in apoE^−/− mice. Fucosterol alleviated macrophage infiltration, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in apoE^−/− mice. The ox-LDL-induced inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HUVECs were attenuated by fucosterol. Additionally, fucosterol reduced the expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in <em>vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>. Moreover, the ox-LDL-induced activation of the NF-κB and p38/Erk MAPK signaling in HUVECs was suppressed by fucosterol.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current investigation revealed that fucosterol attenuates atherosclerotic plaques in apoE^−/− mice through the inhibition of hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma apolipoprotein concentrations and occurrence of cardiovascular events in the general population: an exploratory analysis","authors":"Avedis Torossian ,&nbsp;Annelise Genoux ,&nbsp;Zichun Cai ,&nbsp;Nathan Jolivet ,&nbsp;Mikaël Croyal ,&nbsp;Arsênio Rodrigues Oliveira ,&nbsp;Sébastien Dejean ,&nbsp;Nathalie Viguerie ,&nbsp;Cendrine Cabou ,&nbsp;Bertrand Perret ,&nbsp;Jean Ferrières ,&nbsp;Vanina Bongard ,&nbsp;Laurent O. Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>The role of many apolipoproteins in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathophysiology and their predictive potential remains unclear. This study examined the association between plasma concentrations of a broad panel of apolipoproteins and the occurrence of cardiovascular events in a general population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A nested case-control study was conducted within a cohort from Southwestern France. Baseline concentrations of apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, A-IV, B100, C-I, C-II, C-III, D, E, H, J, L1 and M were analyzed in 65 cases who experienced a cardiovascular event during the follow-up period, and in 65 controls matched for age and sex (mean age 60.9 ± 10.7 years; 66.9 % men; median follow up 9.3 years for controls, 6.2 years for cases). Baseline correlations were assessed using Spearman's coefficients.</div><div>Logistic regression and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to evaluate associations with the occurrence of cardiovascular events.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Concentrations of apolipoproteins A-I, A-IV, C-I, D, H, J and M differed significantly between cases and controls. All expect apoM remained independently associated with cardiovascular events after adjustment for known risk factors. Additionally, PLS-DA revealed that the entire apolipoprotein panel explained 64 % of variance in case-control status with 60 % predictive accuracy, with apolipoproteins D, J, A-IV, H, and C-I contributing the most to group discrimination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identifies a novel panel of apolipoproteins (A-I, A-IV, C-I, D, H, and J) whose levels are associated with occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, independently of traditional risk factors. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 35-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary preferences with cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Mia D. Lee ,&nbsp;Benjamin F. Voight","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Susceptibility to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is driven by genetic and environmental risk factors. Diet is a modifiable and largely environmental risk factor for CVD. Genetic factors associated with a variety of dietary preferences revealed via recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) allow further investigate the role of diet in liability to disease that has been limited to observational and epidemiologic studies with mixed findings.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We obtained publicly available genome-wide association data for 38 dietary preference traits and seven common CVDs to investigate causal hypotheses between diet as the exposure to CVD as outcomes using the statistical framework of Mendelian randomization (MR) for hypothesis testing and sensitivity analyses. We also conducted mediation analyses to evaluate the effects of dietary preferences on CVDs to elucidate potential causal graphs and estimate the effects of dietary preferences mediated by potential mediators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across all methods, we identified 10 significant causal effects, which included eight dietary preferences across three CVD endpoints (Bonferroni-corrected P &lt; 1.88 × 10⁻⁴). In sensitivity MR and mediation analysis, we observed that obesity - quantified by body mass index (BMI) - was a common mediator that contributed to many of these observed effects. We also found that educational attainment was an exclusive, additional mediator for the effect of preference for muesli with risk to peripheral artery disease (PAD).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results provide genetic evidence for a link between diet and CVD that aligns with obesity-mediated risk of CVD in individuals in relation to their specific preferences for food.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of atherosclerosis-related mortality in adults with diabetes: A cross-sectional analysis of U.S. national data","authors":"Yusuf Hasan Ali ,&nbsp;Fakhar Latif ,&nbsp;Fatimah Hoda ,&nbsp;Azeem Hassan ,&nbsp;Huda Ahmed ,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed ,&nbsp;Vikash Jaiswal","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus is a rapidly growing global health issue, projected to affect 643 million adults by 2030. Atherosclerosis, a prevalent complication of diabetes, significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality among affected individuals. This study aimed to analyze mortality trends associated with atherosclerosis in diabetic patients aged ≥45 years, with particular focus on variations by sex, race, urban-rural classification, and geographical regions in the US from 1999 to 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a study using data from the CDC WONDER database, identifying atherosclerosis-related deaths in diabetic patients. We calculated age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population and analyzed trends over time using Joinpoint regression to assess annual percentage changes (APC) and average annual percentage changes (AAPC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 674,582 atherosclerosis-related deaths were recorded in diabetic patients from 1999 to 2020, with a higher prevalence in men (57.40 %). The majority of deaths occurred in NH White individuals (81.70 %). Overall, AAMRs declined from 32.8 in 1999 to 25.8 in 2020. A significant decrease was observed from 1999 to 2014 (APC: −2.61, p &lt; 0.05), followed by stability (2014–2018) and a subsequent rise (APC: 6.97, p &lt; 0.05) till 2020. Sex-stratified analysis indicated persistently higher AAMRs in men, with a significant increase from 2018 to 2020 (APC: 7.33, p &lt; 0.05). Racial disparities were evident, with NH Black individuals demonstrating the highest AAMRs. Geographic analysis revealed higher AAMRs in nonmetropolitan areas, with notable state-level variations. All census regions exhibited an initial decline, followed by a significant rise in AAMRs post-2018 (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite initial declines, recent trends indicate a resurgence in atherosclerosis-related mortality among diabetic patients, particularly in specific racial groups, rural areas, and certain regions. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address disparities and improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}