Atherosclerosis plus最新文献

{"title":"Associations between carotid macrovascular and retinal microvascular alterations in diabetes: Evidence synthesis and implications for risk assessment","authors":"Gentian Bajraktari,&nbsp;Fisnik Jashari,&nbsp;Per Wester,&nbsp;Dren Boshnjaku,&nbsp;Edita Pllana,&nbsp;Ardian Sermaxhaj,&nbsp;Pranvera Ibrahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes mellitus is characterized by progressive vascular injury affecting both the microcirculation and large arteries. Diabetic retinopathy is a major microvascular complication and has been associated in observational studies with several carotid vascular phenotypes, including increased carotid intima-media thickness, focal plaque burden, arterial stiffness, plaque vulnerability markers, and, in selected cohorts, carotid stenosis. However, these carotid endpoints differ in measurement protocol, biological meaning, and prognostic implications, and most available evidence is cross-sectional. Retinal imaging modalities, including optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography, provide quantitative measures such as vessel density, foveal avascular-zone size, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and choroidal thickness that may parallel systemic vascular injury, but validated thresholds for carotid disease detection have not been established. Shared mechanisms, including chronic hyperglycemia, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and hypoxia-driven angiogenic signaling, may contribute to both retinal and carotid abnormalities; insulin resistance is particularly relevant to type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, whereas diabetes duration and glycemic exposure are central across diabetes types. This narrative review therefore summarizes the associations between retinal microvascular changes and specific carotid vascular changes, while emphasizing that many findings may be influenced by shared risk factors and that most studies show association rather than causation or proven clinical utility. Current evidence supports multidisciplinary awareness and comprehensive cardiovascular risk-factor management in people with diabetes, but it does not yet justify retinal findings or OCTA metrics as validated triggers for screening asymptomatic patients with carotid ultrasonography. Prospective studies are needed to show whether combined retinal and carotid assessment improves diagnosis, risk prediction, cost-effectiveness, and patient outcomes before it can be recommended as a routine screening strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149004352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences and gender-related factors in the management and perception of LDL-cholesterol in ASCVD: Real-Life evidence from the EPHESUS registry in cardiology practice","authors":"Meral Kayıkcioglu,&nbsp;Özcan Başaran,&nbsp;Volkan Doğan,&nbsp;Oğuzhan Çelik,&nbsp;Kadir Uğur Mert,&nbsp;Gurbet Özge Yunus,&nbsp;Murat Biteker","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. While it impacts both sexes, women are frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated, particularly in lipid management. This study aimed to evaluate sex differences, and the gender-related factors potentially underlying them, in lipid control, the utilization of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT), and related perceptions within a large real-world cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 1482 patients with established ASCVD from the nationwide, multicenter EPHESUS registry, conducted in 40 cardiology outpatient clinics across Turkey. Differences between women and men in risk profiles, LLT use, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) goal attainment, and perceptions from both patients and physicians were assessed. Women and men were compared before and after 1:1 propensity score matching for age and education; covariate balance was quantified with standardized mean differences (SMD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Women showed a greater burden of cardiometabolic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, yet were less often prescribed statins. Total cholesterol, HDL-C, non-HDL-C and on-treatment LDL-C were higher in women than in men, whereas triglycerides were similar between the sexes; on-treatment LDL-C was significantly higher in women (115 mg/dL vs. 100 mg/dL, p &lt; 0.001). Women also met LDL-C targets less frequently according to the 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines (14.9% vs. 19.6%, p = 0.017), while the difference for the 2019 target was not significant (6.3% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.186). After matching, 924 patients (462 women and 462 men) remained; age and education were well balanced (SMD &lt; 0.05), whereas cardiometabolic covariates remained imbalanced by design. Differences in lipid levels were no longer apparent, and among patients receiving high-intensity statins women more frequently achieved the 2016 LDL-C target (26.0% vs. 13.6%, p = 0.017), whereas the corresponding difference for the 2019 target did not reach statistical significance (10.7% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.072). Media influence was the most common physician-reported reason for LLT cessation; side effects and physician-advised discontinuation were reported more often for women, although these differences were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Age and education accounted for a substantial part of the observed differences between women and men in ASCVD care, whereas lower statin prescription in women persisted after matching. Studies addressing sex differences should incorporate gender-related demographic factors into their design and analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How calculated LDL-cholesterol compares with direct measurement: performance and cost analysis from a large NHS service evaluation","authors":"M.H.Y. Ali ∗,&nbsp;A. Handhle,&nbsp;E.S. Kilpatrick","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100582","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Genetic Architecture of Familial Chylomicronaemia Syndrome: Insights from the FCS International Collaboration Project (FCS IP).","authors":"Atiqah Sapiyan,&nbsp;Bilal Bashir,&nbsp;See Kwok,&nbsp;Paul Downie,&nbsp;Anthony S. Wierzbicki,&nbsp;Radha Ramachandran,&nbsp;Alan Jones,&nbsp;Charlotte Dawson,&nbsp;Fiona Jenkinson,&nbsp;Hannah Delaney,&nbsp;Michael Mansfield,&nbsp;Dev Datta,&nbsp;Yee Ping Teoh,&nbsp;Paul Hamilton,&nbsp;Natalie Forrester,&nbsp;Dawn O'Sullivan,&nbsp;Jaimini Cegla,&nbsp;Pankaj Gupta,&nbsp;Jonathan Schofield,&nbsp;Ahai Luvai,&nbsp;Handrean Soran","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HEART UK 39th Annual Medical & Scientific Conference 2026","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100599","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CALON-Lite: a novel ASCVD risk score developed and validated exclusively in genetically confirmed familial hypercholesterolaemia using leave-one-cohort-out cross-validation","authors":"N. Genedy ∗","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100579","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Lipid Management for Secondary Prevention in Patients with Established Cardiovascular Disease – a 4-week Quality Improvement Project","authors":"A. Ioannou,&nbsp;S. Ranjithkumar,&nbsp;Z. Khan,&nbsp;J. Luckhurst,&nbsp;V. Subramanian","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delivering a National Remote Cardiologist-led Support Programme in Primary Care to Improve the Treatment and Management of Uncontrolled Lipids and Reduce Cardiovascular Risk","authors":"David Perkins,&nbsp;Antony D. Grayson ∗,&nbsp;Matthew Shaw,&nbsp;Andrew Brearton,&nbsp;Hussain Contractor,&nbsp;Matthew Grant,&nbsp;Tara Campbell,&nbsp;Shabanna Din,&nbsp;Turab Ali,&nbsp;Carol Hughes,&nbsp;John D. Hung","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100592"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a lipid optimisation post coronary revascularisation clinic: optimising risk factors and measuring Lipoprotein(a)","authors":"H. Elsaegh,&nbsp;D. Datta ∗,&nbsp;V. Farooq,&nbsp;C. Dix,&nbsp;C. Mullan,&nbsp;J. Morgan,&nbsp;J. Rendell-Gwyther ∗,&nbsp;N. Thompson,&nbsp;K. Oakes,&nbsp;G. Henry,&nbsp;H. McLaughlin,&nbsp;S. Pascoe","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100585","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual cardiovascular risk associated with elevated triglycerides in established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","authors":"Bilal Bashir,&nbsp;Alison K. Wright,&nbsp;Darren M. Ashcroft,&nbsp;Maryam Ferdousi,&nbsp;Handrean Soran","doi":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.athplu.2026.100580","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}