Applications in engineering science最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of box girder bridge widening techniques: Reinforced Rib vs. Strut solutions","authors":"Dac-Duc Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing existing bridge infrastructure is crucial with the increasing demands of urbanization and traffic. This study investigates methods to enhance the structural performance of single-cell box girder bridges by implementing reinforcing ribs and struts. Focusing on the Tan De Bridge in Thai Binh, Vietnam - a cantilever bridge using a single-cell box girder, the research evaluates load-bearing capacity, deflection, and torsional resistance across three cross-sectional designs: the original single box girder, a box girder with transverse stiffening ribs, and a strutted box girder. The study uses ANSYS Mechanical software for three-dimensional modeling and simulation to examine natural vibration frequencies, stress distribution, and deflection under HL93 loading conditions. ANSYS Mechanical's finite element analysis capabilities allow for a detailed assessment of local and global structural behaviors, providing insights into the different cross-sections' dynamic stability and stress responses. Results indicate that reinforcing ribs and struts significantly improve the bridge's structural integrity. Reinforcing ribs offer superior cross-bridge stiffness, while struts provide optimal stress distribution and reduce flange instability. The study highlights the exceptional flexural resistance of the strutted box girder under eccentric loading, underscoring its potential to optimize bridge design for urban infrastructure demands while ensuring robust structural performance. These findings emphasize the effectiveness of these methods in meeting urban infrastructure needs by facilitating the expansion of bridge width while preserving structural stability and performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and performance analysis of a pneumatic steering system to enhance maneuverability in T-55 Armored Vehicles","authors":"Lemma Nigussie,&nbsp;Kumlachew Yeneneh","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development and analysis of a pneumatic steering mechanism for the T-55 tank, addressing challenges inherent in traditional manual systems. These systems require excessive physical effort due to high resistance in linkages, leading to operator fatigue and reduced maneuverability. The proposed mechanism integrates a pneumatic cylinder and “rocker arm to convert linear motion into precise rotational control, enhancing steering performance and driver comfort. The design leverages compressed air as a lightweight, safe, and responsive medium, ensuring adaptability to diverse operational conditions. Structural analysis via finite element methods (FEA) confirmed the mechanism’s durability, with the rocker arm exhibiting a maximum von Mises stress of 46 MPa, well below the material’s yield strength of 200 MPa. Fatigue analysis further demonstrated the mechanism’s capacity to endure over one million load cycles, ensuring long-term reliability. Dynamic simulations using MSC.ADAMS validated the system’s performance. The piston stroke, ranging from 0 to 150 mm, allowed precise control of steering linkages. Motion analysis confirmed a free travel distance of 132.5 mm, aligning with practical requirements for T-55 steering systems. The pneumatic system also reduced operator effort by over 50% compared to manual systems, significantly improving operational efficiency. Compared to traditional systems, the pneumatic mechanism enhances maneuverability, enabling smooth directional changes in challenging terrains while reducing driver strain. Its modular design facilitates seamless integration with existing tank frameworks, minimizing modifications. This work demonstrates the potential of pneumatic systems to modernize tracked vehicle steering mechanisms, providing enhanced agility, reliability, and safety. The findings ensure that tanks like the T-55 remain highly effective in modern combat scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On mesh refinement procedures for polygonal virtual elements","authors":"Daniel van Huyssteen ,&nbsp;Felipe Lopez Rivarola ,&nbsp;Guillermo Etse ,&nbsp;Paul Steinmann","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work concerns the application of adaptive refinement procedures to meshes of unstructured polygonal virtual elements. Adaptive refinement indicators previously proposed by the authors, and investigated for meshes of structured quadrilateral elements, are studied in more general applications. Specifically, the performance of the indicators is studied on unstructured polygonal meshes, and for cases of compressible and nearly-incompressible materials. Localized refinement of unstructured meshes is a non-trivial task as the algorithm must be robust, and must accommodate a wide variety of geometric possibilities. To this end, an element refinement algorithm is presented based on strategic seeding of Voronoi tessellations and is suitable for both structured and unstructured meshes. Furthermore, it is not known <em>apriori</em> whether the previously proposed refinement indicators will be reliable or effective in the presence of unstructured mesh geometries and nearly-incompressible materials. Thus, the performance of the refinement procedures is studied through a broad numerical campaign. The results demonstrate that the high degree of efficacy and efficiency previously exhibited by the adaptive procedures is also achieved in the cases of irregular unstructured/Voronoi meshes and near-incompressibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of vertical drill-string mathematical modelling","authors":"Jasem M. Kamel ,&nbsp;Asan G.A. Muthalif ,&nbsp;Abdulazim H. Falah","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work aims to elucidate the fundamental concepts and approaches for modelling the vertical rotary drilling system and analysing drill string vibrations through a comprehensive literature review. It offers a detailed examination and critical discussion for the discrete and distributed mathematical modelling vibration along with associated boundaries conditions for low and high frequency oscillations. <strong>Additionally, this study discusses experimental models and their actual applications, highlighting their role in validating theoretical models and improving drilling performance.</strong> This study presents a thorough overview of existing literature on vertical drill string vibration problems, making it a valuable resource for researchers in the field. The study not only synthesizes existing knowledge but also seeks to guide future research efforts in addressing and mitigating the complex challenges associated with drill string vibrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing active suspension systems with robust h∞ control and adaptive techniques under uncertainties","authors":"Kumlachew Yeneneh,&nbsp;Menelik Walle,&nbsp;Tatek Mamo,&nbsp;Yared Yalew","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a transformative approach to active suspension control through the development of a hybrid robust-adaptive framework that synergistically combines three advanced techniques: μ-synthesis enhanced H∞ control, model reference adaptation, and real-time frequency-domain optimization. The novel architecture overcomes fundamental limitations in conventional systems by simultaneously addressing (i) parametric uncertainties through structured robustness margins (μ &lt; 1 for ±25 % variations in mass/stiffness), (ii) unstructured road disturbances via adaptive gain scheduling, and (iii) resonant vibrations using closed-loop FFT analysis with 50 ms spectral updates. The controller's dual-degree-of-freedom design introduces a breakthrough solution where the H∞ core guarantees stability while the adaptive module dynamically adjusts damping ratios and stiffness coefficients through Lyapunov-based parameter estimation, achieving 40 % faster convergence than fixed-gain alternatives. Comprehensive simulations under ISO-standardized road profiles demonstrate unprecedented performance: 87.1 % reduction in suspension travel (0.113 m to 0.015 m) and 49.3 % decrease in body acceleration (6.38m/s² to 3.73m/s²) versus passive systems, while maintaining 18 % lower energy consumption than traditional H∞ implementations. The frequency-domain optimization proves particularly effective, reducing resonant peak magnitudes by 62–75 % in the critical 1–4 Hz comfort range and 55 % at the 15 Hz wheel-hop frequency. Practical implementation advantages include compatibility with standard automotive sensors (requiring only accelerometers and displacement sensors), modest computational load (executable on 100 MHz automotive-grade processors), and self-calibrating capability that eliminates manual tuning. These advancements position the framework as an ideal solution for next-generation vehicles, with demonstrated applicability to electric platforms (through regenerative damping integration) and autonomous systems (via V2X communication-enabled predictive adaptation). The research establishes new theoretical foundations for uncertainty management in vehicle dynamics while delivering a commercially viable control strategy validated under realistic operating conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of peak-to-peak amplitude at the base of crimped spiral fins on the air-side performance of crimped spiral fin-and-tube heat exchangers","authors":"Thawatchai Keawkamrop,&nbsp;Somchai Wongwises","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experimental study investigates the effect of peak-to-peak amplitude (PTPA) at the base of a crimped spiral fin (CSF) on the air-side performance of a crimped spiral fin-and-tube heat exchanger (CSFTHX) within a 3000 to 14,000 Reynolds number range. Both plain spiral fins (PSFs) and CSFs are examined. The PTPA is the main geometric parameter of interest in this study. We investigated CSFTHXs with a 19.05 mm outer tube diameter, a fin density of 5 fins per inch (equivalent to a fin pitch of 5.08 mm). The selected peak-to-peak amplitude (PTPA) values—2.5 mm (low), 3.5 mm (medium), and 5.08 mm (high)—cover a representative range commonly used in industrial applications. The results indicate that variations in the PTPA have an insignificant effect on the Colburn factor, suggesting minimal influence on heat transfer performance. However, the PTPA has a significant effect on the friction factor, with higher PTPA values resulting in increased pressure drops. The fin factor, defined as the ratio between the percentage increase in the convective heat transfer coefficient and the corresponding percentage increase in pressure drop, is used for the investigation. For the air frontal velocities above 2 m/s, the fin factor of the CSF with a PTPA of 2.50 mm is higher than those with PTPA values of 3.50 mm and 5.08 mm. This indicates better overall performance in terms of a heat transfer-to-pressure drop trade-off at lower amplitudes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process-induced shrinking and warping in additively manufactured polycarbonate plates","authors":"P. Sreejith ,&nbsp;Albert E. Patterson ,&nbsp;K.R. Rajagopal ,&nbsp;Bhaskar Vajipeyajula","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most thermoplastic manufacturing processes, that do not include cutting, involves the melting and re-solidification of the raw material, which results in delamination, warpage, and shrinkage. These undesirable artifacts are introduced due to the build-up of residual stress during fabrication of the part. They not only affect the process reliability and repeatability, but also the service life and aesthetics of the final product. This is of particular concern in extrusion-based additive manufacturing of thermoplastics with relatively high melting temperatures, such as polycarbonate (PC). By controlling the process parameters, a certain degree of influence can be maintained on the multiple heating/cooling cycles and the corresponding phase transformations that induce differential shrinkage in the part. In the current study, the influence of the orientation of the fabricated part (flat and horizontal<span><span>¹</span></span>) on the process history, and as a result on the residual stress distribution in rectangular plates printed using fused filament fabrication (FFF) is studied. This work used a thermodynamically-consistent model previously derived for extrusion-based additive manufacturing to run simulations within ABAQUS. Corresponding experiments were conducted to validate the model, along with the error and repeatability analysis. The final dimensions of the plates measured from the experiments matched exceptionally well with the values measured from the simulations. The simulations predicted that the residual stress distribution in each orientation is extremely different. It mainly depended on the distribution of the weight fraction of the glass phase and temperature, which have significantly distinct patterns in both orientations. The simulation also predicted very different possible failure regions for the plates printed in the flat and horizontal orientations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive manufacturing: shaping the future of the manufacturing industry – overview of trends, challenges and opportunities","authors":"D.E.P. Klenam ,&nbsp;F. McBagonluri ,&nbsp;T.K. Asumadu ,&nbsp;S.A. Osafo ,&nbsp;M.O. Bodunrin ,&nbsp;L. Agyepong ,&nbsp;E.D. Osei ,&nbsp;D. Mornah ,&nbsp;W.O. Soboyejo","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing (AM) is an innovative approach to the manufacturing mix globally. In this era of overwhelming complexities, tremendous competition and accelerated change, the increasing drive for rapid prototyping has necessitated the deployment of AM technologies and research. Three-dimensional (3D) modelling, 3D scanning and 3D printing have provided the impetus for design of functional and structural components at industrial scale. To contextualize the manufacturing landscape, an overview, and recent trends of conventional (subtractive) manufacturing technologies are discussed briefly. The challenges associated with these subtractive technologies in an increasingly resource constraint and exponential population growth paved the way for massification of AM approaches. Recent advances in AM technologies and applications in healthcare, construction, automotive and aerospace industries are discussed. The milestones, trends, opportunities, and challenges of AM technologies to the nascent technological landscape of Africa are also discussed. This review identifies AM as a pivotal enabler of Africa Union’s Agenda 2063, offering actionable pathways to overcome persistent challenges in industrial diversification, youth unemployment, and technological self-sufficiency. By leveraging localized AM applications and digital workflows, scalable solutions for sustainable development and manufacturing sovereignty can be realized with implications in leapfrogging the industrialization aspirations of Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling and optimization of different pozzolanic materials in the durability of cement composite by central composite design","authors":"Tsion Amsalu Fode ,&nbsp;Yusufu Abeid Chande Jande ,&nbsp;Thomas Kivevele","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) requires high temperatures and significant energy consumption, leading to environmental pollution and posing challenges to the sustainability of green cementing materials. To address this, numerous researchers have explored replacing cement with various supplementary cementitious materials, such as blast furnace slag, active limestone, and bentonite in concrete or mortar. However, optimizing the combined use of these materials to achieve maximum durability in mortar remains a novel area of study. This research models and optimizes the effects of replacing OPC with blast furnace slag, active limestone, and bentonite in mortar using the central composite design method. The findings reveal that increasing the content of bentonite along with either blast furnace slag or limestone from 0 % to 20 % significantly minimizes strength degradation due to sulfuric acid exposure, improves heat resistance, and lowers water absorption at 28 days. The optimal substitution levels were found to be 20 % for both blast furnace slag and limestone, and 18.54 % for bentonite. The optumal result reduced damage from sulfate attack by 33.4 %, strength loss under high temperatures by 69.04 %, and water absorption by 98.58 % when compared to the control sample. These outcomes were validated experimentally with a 95 % confidence level. Overall, incorporating these SCMs not only improves the durability of mortar but also supports environmental sustainability by reducing CO₂ emissions due to OPC production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axial load induced vibrational changes in nonlocal stress-driven beams","authors":"Indronil Devnath,&nbsp;Mohammad Nazmul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examines the impact of axial load on the vibrational properties of nonlocal nanobeams. The theory of stress-driven nonlocal elasticity is utilized to characterize the response of the beam, integrating the influence of axial loads as a pivotal element in modifying its dynamic behavior. The governing equations for the beam's vibration are formulated through the application of stress-driven nonlocal elasticity theory, while investigating the influence of varying axial loads on natural frequencies and mode shapes. Analytical solutions are derived, and numerical simulations are performed to corroborate theoretical predictions. The findings indicate that axial loads have a substantial impact on the vibrational response, with alterations in both the natural frequencies and the mode shapes contingent upon the magnitude and direction of the axial load. The results provide significant understanding of the dynamic behavior of beams subjected to axial loads, especially within the framework of nonlocal stress-driven systems, which may have implications for structural health monitoring, vibration control, and material design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}