Applications in engineering science最新文献

{"title":"Nonlinear radiative CNTs nanofluid flow over an inclined rotating disk: engineering insights into PST–PHF thermal regulation","authors":"Khadija Rafique,&nbsp;Zafar Mahmood,&nbsp;Ioan-Lucian Popa,&nbsp;Islom Kadirov,&nbsp;Abhinav Kumar,&nbsp;Mustafa Abdullah","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examines the unsteady, axisymmetric flow and thermal transfer of water-based single-wall and multi-wall carbon-nanotube (SWCNT/MWCNT) nanofluids over a permeable, inclined spinning disk, including factors such as velocity slip, suction, Hall current, buoyancy, and nonlinear thermal radiation. Prescribed surface temperature (PST) and prescribed heat flux (PHF) are treated independently. The boundary-layer equations are simplified using similarity variables into a linked nonlinear boundary-value problem. The effective CNT thermal conductivity is estimated via the aspect-ratio-sensitive Yamada–Ota model. The equations are solved using the MATLAB bvp4c program with residual-controlled fourth-order collocation for <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>η</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span> and a relative tolerance of 10⁻⁵. The reported findings and benchmark wall slopes are within 0.071% of each other. Within the stated ranges, an increase in the CNT volume percentage from 0.01 to 0.04 improves the dimensionless Nusselt number by 115.1% for PST and 148.6% for PHF, while an increase in the radiation parameter from 0.1 to 1.0 decreases it by 82.2% for PST and 0.9% for PHF. Elevating the slip parameter from 0.1 to 1.0 results in a reduction of the radial skin-friction coefficient by around 70.8%. The findings indicate that the imposed temperature state greatly influences the perceived sensitivity to radiation and CNT loading. These results provide a comparative framework for optimal rotating-disk cooling, spin coating, centrifugal processing, and rotating heat-exchanger surfaces functioning under temperature-regulated or flux-regulated heating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peridynamics coupled computational fluid dynamics as a paradigm for simulating problems involving fracture of thrombi under fluid flow: Demonstration in aspiration thrombectomy","authors":"Abhishek Karmakar,&nbsp;Greg W. Burgreen,&nbsp;James F. Antaki","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aspiration thrombectomy is a widely used interventional strategy for restoring flow in thrombus-occluded blood vessels. Predicting and improving outcomes of this procedure requires resolving the complex interplay between thrombus heterogeneity, large structure deformation, fracture mechanics, and hemodynamics. In this work, we demonstrate the viability of our previously developed coupled Peridynamics-Computational Fluid Dynamics (PD-CFD) framework as a paradigm for simulating aspiration thrombectomy of a partially occlusive clot in a bifurcation. Parametric studies varying suction velocity, catheter diameter, and clot material properties captured a range of aspiration outcomes — including incomplete retrieval, partial ingestion with fragmentation, and complete ingestion under near-choked flow conditions. Variation of suction velocity indicated the existence of a minimum suction velocity threshold beyond which the clot is essentially fully ingested. By capturing common clinical outcomes while simultaneously resolving the intricate physics of fluid-induced thrombus fracture from first principles, these results establish PD-CFD as a viable numerical paradigm for studying the coupled physics of thrombotic interventions and motivate its extension to anatomically realistic geometries and calibrated clot properties in future work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting compressive strength of composite concrete materials by integrating machine learning techniques","authors":"H.R. Mahalingegowda ,&nbsp;B.K. Narendra ,&nbsp;J.G. Poornima ,&nbsp;D.N. Jyothi ,&nbsp;C. Durga Prasad ,&nbsp;B.J. Panditharadhya ,&nbsp;B.K. Pavan Kumar ,&nbsp;B.K. Siddartha ,&nbsp;B.N. Shobha ,&nbsp;Subramanya R. Prabhu","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the prediction of compressive strength in composite concrete materials made from industrial and agricultural by-products combined with conventional materials. The compressive strength of these composite materials is influenced by the ratios of the components used. Two machine learning techniques, Neural Network Regression Model and Ensemble Learning for Regression are employed to forecast the compressive strength based on experimental data from destructive tests on various composite mixes. The models are optimized using genetic algorithms and surrogate optimization methods for hyperparameter. The results of this study are significant in that they demonstrate the strong performance of both models in predicting compressive strength. The NNRM achieved a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9187, while the Ensemble Learning model outperformed with an R² of 0.9979. This high level of accuracy in the predictions highlights the potential of machine learning to effectively forecast material properties, allowing for better design and optimization of composite concrete materials. Such predictions can lead to significant practical benefits, such as more efficient use of raw materials and a reduction in the need for costly experimental testing. Moreover, improved predictions can enhance the durability and performance of composite materials, potentially reducing maintenance costs and increasing the lifespan of structures made with these materials. The study also emphasizes the importance of sensitivity analysis, which identifies key factors influencing compressive strength, enabling manufacturers to prioritize specific material properties for optimal results, this research not only contributes to the scientific understanding of composite material behavior but also has practical implications for cost savings, improved material durability, and the advancement of sustainable construction practices through optimized material design and performance prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148183701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational analysis of rest and exercise flow conditions in stenosed arteries using an in-house artificial compressibility solver","authors":"Priyambada Praharaj ,&nbsp;Chandrakant Sonawane ,&nbsp;Arunkumar Bongale ,&nbsp;Vikas Kumar ,&nbsp;Choon Kit Chan ,&nbsp;Subhav Singh ,&nbsp;Deekshant Varsheny ,&nbsp;Huidan Yu ,&nbsp;Nithesh Naik","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates pulsatile incompressible flow through a stenosed artery-like geometry using a high-accuracy in-house numerical solver based on the artificial compressibility method. The artery is modeled as an axis-symmetric, rigid-walled conduit 45% area reduction due to stenosis. The flow is assumed incompressible, laminar, pulsatile and Newtonian. Centerline axial velocity profiles and wall shear stress (WSS) are computed at three axial locations and evaluated at selected phases of the cardiac cycle, with validation against available experimental and numerical data. The results demonstrate that the peak velocity scales directly with the flow rate. Simulations are performed using two physiological inlet velocity waveforms representing rest and exercise conditions. Under exercise conditions, the predicted WSS is approximately twice that observed during rest. Additionally, stenoses of varying severities and geometrical shapes (trapezoidal and bell-shaped) are constructed and compared. For both geometries, increasing stenosis severity leads to higher WSS, stronger near-wall flow reversal, and increased peak velocity at the stenosis throat. For the same degree of stenosis, trapezoidal geometries induce higher WSS than bell-shaped geometries. These findings highlight the combined importance of stenosis severity and geometric morphology in the hemodynamic assessment of cardiovascular diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependent nonlocal micropolar fractional thermoelasticity for Rayleigh waves in skin tissue","authors":"Maaz Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Usman Riaz ,&nbsp;Adnan Jahangir ,&nbsp;Afzal Rahman ,&nbsp;Sohail Rehman","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capturing the behavior of thermo-mechanical waves propagating in biological soft tissues is essential for enhancing the accuracy of diagnostic elastography, thermal treatments, and wearable health technologies. Existing theories are inadequate to describe microstructural variability, size-scale effects, memory effects in time, and non-Fourier heat conduction in living skin subjected to dynamic loading. To the best of our knowledge, this study presents the first comprehensive model of Rayleigh surface waves in human skin that simultaneously integrates Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory, micropolar (Cosserat) continuum theory, Caputo’s fractional-order viscoelasticity, and a three-phase-lag (TPL) bioheat transfer model with temperature-dependent material properties. Analytical expressions derived through harmonic analysis provide dispersion relations for phase velocity, attenuation, penetration depth, and specific heat loss. The physical implications of this unified coupling are profound: the nonlocal elastic parameter directly increases the effective stiffness sensed by surface acoustic waves, the fractional order controls the memory-dependent energy dissipation and dispersion, the temperature-sensitivity parameter captures the softening of the skin with varying ambient conditions, and the micropolar vortex and spin-gradient viscosities exert opposing influences on wave speed and attenuation, thereby providing a complete and physically consistent “signature” of the tissue’s thermo-mechanical state. These insights are essential for non-invasive monitoring of dermal pathologies, for planning thermal therapies, and for calibrating wearable sensors under variable skin temperatures. Numerical results demonstrate that elastic nonlocality increases wave speed and localization, the fractional order determines memory-related dispersion and dissipation, temperature dependence causes softening and damping, and micropolar parameters exhibit opposite influences: spin-gradient viscosity reduces wave speed, while vortex coupling increases it. Global sensitivity analysis using variance ranks phase-lag times, elastic nonlocality, and fractional order as the most influential parameters, while micropolar and temperature-dependent parameters become important for dissipation-related measures. The findings provide quantitative insights for elastography, thermal treatment planning, and wearable technology design, exemplifying that a comprehensive model of skin waves must simultaneously account for nonlocal elasticity, micropolar kinematics, fractional viscoelasticity, and generalized bioheat transfer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel di-convolution nonlocal elasticity with applications to beam bending","authors":"D. Indronil,&nbsp;I.M. Nazmul","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional nonlocal elasticity models often rely on empirical mono-convolution kernels, which may limit their ability to capture complex size-dependent phenomena or result in mathematical inconsistencies. To address these limitations, this study introduces a Di-Convolution Elasticity framework that generalizes constitutive behavior using two independent convolution kernels acting on stress and strain fields. Unlike purely empirical approaches, this framework is rigorously derived via functional equation theory, resulting in versatile additive and multiplicative kernel structures that accommodate both identical and non-identical kernel pairs. An integro-differential governing equation for beam statics is developed and solved analytically through Laplace transformations. Numerical applications to simply supported and cantilever beams demonstrate the model’s ability to predict size-dependent deflections, maintain nonparadoxical behavior, and seamlessly recover classical elasticity in the local limit. Comparative analysis against existing mono-convolution models highlights the superior accuracy and mathematical robustness of the Di-Convolution approach, providing a more comprehensive and physically insightful tool for the analysis of small-scale structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148183696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using multi-wave technique to characterize the rheological response of bitumen","authors":"I. Catherine Sanchana,&nbsp;J. Murali Krishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rheological characterization of bitumen commonly assumes that, within the linear viscoelastic (LVE) regime, the measured response is independent of the loading protocol. While this assumption is generally valid for simple polymeric systems, its applicability to bitumen, which exhibits a heterogeneous microstructure and a broad relaxation spectrum, remains unclear. The present study investigates the influence of loading history on the rheological response of an unmodified bitumen using multi-wave and frequency sweep experiments conducted at 0, 20, 40, and 60 <span><math><mrow><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></math></span>. Both experiments employ identical amplitudes and frequencies (0.1–2.5 Hz) but differ in the temporal sequence of loading. Full waveform data obtained from stress- and strain-controlled experiments are analyzed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) techniques to determine linear viscoelastic parameters and the corresponding relaxation spectrum. The results show measurable deviations between multi-wave and frequency sweep responses, particularly at lower temperatures, despite satisfying conventional criteria for linear viscoelasticity. These differences are interpreted in terms of the distinct strain-rate histories imposed by the two loading protocols and their interaction with the material’s relaxation behavior. The study demonstrates that, for bitumen, linear viscoelasticity does not necessarily imply protocol independence. The findings have implications for the interpretation of rheological measurements and the application of multi-frequency techniques to materials with complex relaxation characteristics. The investigation is limited to an unmodified bitumen and the experimentally accessible frequency range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148183700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wavelet approach to the solution of Ermakov-Pinney equation","authors":"Om Namha Shivay ,&nbsp;Saurabh Chandra Maury ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Rahul ,&nbsp;Ravi Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ermakov–Pinney (EP) equation is well known for its exact solvability and its connection to time-dependent harmonic oscillators. However, for cases involving complex or time-dependent parameters, numerical approaches become essential. This work employs the Haar wavelet method to solve the EP equation under various forms and conditions. We demonstrate the efficacy of the method by solving a range of initial and boundary value problems, comparing the results with exact solutions and those obtained via the Runge–Kutta method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic application of the Haar wavelet method to the EP equation with time-dependent frequency and coupled boundary conditions. Our findings indicate that the Haar wavelet method is not only easier to implement but also yields superior accuracy compared to the Runge–Kutta approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148183697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On optimal PZT patch disposition for energy harvesting from statistically modelled rainfalls","authors":"Claudia Zara ,&nbsp;Andrea Venturi ,&nbsp;Daniele Dessi ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Ruta","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate rain-induced energy harvesting by exploiting the oscillatory response of piezoelectric devices in cantilever configuration subjected to raindrop impacts. The kinetic energy transferred by rainfall events is modelled basing on a statistical distribution implemented here, inspired by established formulations from meteorological literature. The coupled electromechanical governing equations of the piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) are derived via Hamilton’s principle, modelling the system as a purely flexible Euler–Bernoulli beam. While such a model is standard in the literature, this work focuses on configurations in which the piezoelectric patches partially cover the supporting cantilever. The exact governing equations are obtained for this case, so that a subsequent configuration optimisation relevant to the rainfall distribution can be performed. The resulting system is solved numerically to capture the transient response induced by raindrop impacts. A parametric optimisation of the device geometry and patch placement is then performed, showing that, for suitable configurations, rain-induced excitation may yield energetically favourable operating conditions. These results represent a first step towards the development of small-scale piezoelectric harvesters for rainfall-driven energy conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148183698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of recycled waste nylon granules and treated sisal fiber on the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of sustainable concrete","authors":"Tsion Amsalu Fode ,&nbsp;Yusufu Abeid Chande Jande ,&nbsp;Thomas Kivevele ,&nbsp;Nima Rahbar","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2026.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waste nylon is a highly polluting synthetic material and a group of polymers. Previous studies have investigated recycled nylon granules and sisal fibre separately, while others explored the combined use of waste water bottle as a fibre and treated sisal fibre in concrete. However, it is novel to use recycled nylon granules as fine aggregate with and without treated sisal fibre in concrete mixture. A comprehensive laboratory program was conducted, including workability, density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption, crack width, elevated temperature tests up to 400 °C, and microstructural characterization using scanning electron microscopy for concrete containing different recycled nylon granule doses and treated sisal fibers. The results show that the use of recycled nylon granules and treated sisal fibers increased the workability, compressive and splitting tensile strength, and significantly reduced the fresh and dry density, crack width, and water absorption of concrete. The use of recycled nylon granules and treated sisal fibers at GF5 increased the compressive strength by 25.62% and 6.61%, respectively, at 28 and 56 days, and 26.67% splitting tensile strength at 28 days compared to the control mixture. However, the mass of concrete sample G5 lost at 400 °C was 64.23% higher than that of the concrete sample with recycled nylon granules at an elevated temperature of 150 °C. In general, the combined use of recycled nylon granules and treated sisal fibers shows an effective approach to enhance the physical, mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties of concrete, even when exposed to elevated temperatures of 200 °C. Moreover, this practice contributes to reducing environmental pollution caused by plastic waste and promotes the use of biodegradable materials for sustainable concrete production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148183699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}