Applications in engineering science最新文献

Comparison of hydraulic and pneumatic flow in a proportional solenoid valve 比例电磁阀中液压流量与气动流量的比较

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100248

Joachim Daehn , Andreas Wierschem , Eberhard Ultsch

{"title":"Comparison of hydraulic and pneumatic flow in a proportional solenoid valve","authors":"Joachim Daehn , Andreas Wierschem , Eberhard Ultsch","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In serial testing of hydraulic solenoid valves as part of the manufacturing process, the use of liquid mediums poses various challenges, including inconvenient part handling, frequent exchange of fluids and expensive maintenance of machinery. The present study investigates the feasibility of using gaseous mediums as an alternative for hydraulic testing without compromising established hydraulic testing standards. Using an exemplary 2/2 hydraulic proportional valve, we carried out experiments using both gaseous and liquid mediums. The experimental data indicates a consistent correlation between the two fluids across relevant pressure levels, alongside an accurate reproduction of key variables. Based on these results, a generalized methodology for determining the applicability of pneumatic methods to test similar hydraulic valve types is proposed. Corresponding Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analyses reveal that supersonic velocities occur in the contraction area during pneumatic testing, resembling characteristics often found in supersonic nozzle flows. The simulations further indicate considerable differences in the flow-induced forces among the two fluids in some regions within the flow domain. Nonetheless, critical testing parameters are not affected by these effects, therefore the correlation is preserved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cutting force prediction in end milling processes: Analytical models and applications 立铣削过程中的切削力预测：分析模型和应用

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100250

Nguyen Thi Anh , Tran Thanh Tung

{"title":"Cutting force prediction in end milling processes: Analytical models and applications","authors":"Nguyen Thi Anh , Tran Thanh Tung","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of cutting forces in milling operations is crucial for optimizing machining performance, ensuring process stability, enhancing surface quality, and extending tool life. This study presents the development and validation of a mechanistic force prediction model tailored for end milling on a 3-axis CNC milling machine (GMS 800). The model incorporates cutter geometry, process parameters, chip thickness variation, and tool engagement to compute instantaneous and average cutting forces in the tangential, radial, and axial directions. Force coefficients were determined experimentally through controlled calibration tests across a range of spindle speeds, feed rates, and milling strategies (up and down milling). The model was validated through comparison with experimental force measurements, showing strong agreement, particularly in the dominant feed (Y) direction. Six different test cases were analyzed to evaluate the model’s accuracy and robustness, with results demonstrating that the predicted forces closely matched the measured data under various conditions. Minor discrepancies observed in the X and Z directions were attributed to unmodeled dynamic effects and tool runout. The model also enabled estimation of cutting torque and power, providing additional insights into machining efficiency. This research contributes a practical and reliable tool for force prediction in CNC milling, which can be used to optimize cutting parameters, minimize tool deflection, and support intelligent process planning. Future work will focus on integrating dynamic effects and real time feedback to enhance adaptability and performance in advanced manufacturing environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cold metal transfer welding of automotive high strength steel 汽车用高强度钢的冷态金属转移焊接

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100249

Tanuj Namboodri, Sahm Alden Abd al al, Raghawendra Pratap Singh Sisodia

{"title":"Cold metal transfer welding of automotive high strength steel","authors":"Tanuj Namboodri, Sahm Alden Abd al al, Raghawendra Pratap Singh Sisodia","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for high-strength steels (HSSs) in the automotive industry has prompted concerns about weldability. The welding of HSSs often leads to cold cracking phenomena due to factors such as high carbon equivalents, hydrogen diffusion, etc. Cold metal transfer (CMT) welding is an innovative alternative to conventional gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and offers advantages such as lower heat input (Q), reduced distortion, and lower spatter. However, optimizing CMT parameters for welding HSS joints remains a challenging task. This research aims to optimize CMT welding parameters for HSS DP1000 steel joints with a thickness of 1 mm, employing two different welding speeds (40 cm/min and 50 cm/min). The mechanical properties (microhardness, tensile test with fractography, and bending test) and the microstructural properties were analyzed and compared. Also, a high-speed camera and synchronous electrical signal acquisition device were used to examine droplet transition characteristics. Microstructures in the base material (BM) comprise martensite and ferrite while with higher heat input, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) has coarser microstructures. Overall microhardness results indicated a reduction in values at a welding speed of 50 cm/min compared to 40 cm/min. Tensile strength results demonstrated the higher strength of the joint with a higher welding speed. Moreover, no cracks were detected in the bending test for joints with both welding speeds. Consequently, it can be concluded that samples welded at a speed of 50 cm/min exhibit enhanced mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved YOLOv5-based multi-crack detection in concrete wall surfaces 改进的基于yolov5的混凝土墙体多裂纹检测

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-06-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100247

Remya Elizabeth Philip , Diana Andrushia A , N Anand , Mervin Ealiyas Mathews , M.Z. Naser , Eva Lubloy

{"title":"Improved YOLOv5-based multi-crack detection in concrete wall surfaces","authors":"Remya Elizabeth Philip , Diana Andrushia A , N Anand , Mervin Ealiyas Mathews , M.Z. Naser , Eva Lubloy","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In engineering and infrastructure management, it is essential to ensure the safety and longevity of structures. This can be carried out by properly detecting and monitoring surface cracks. From this lens, this paper presents a novel method for identifying surface cracks using the YOLOv5 (You Only Look Once) deep learning architecture to provide real-time object detection capabilities. First, the YOLOv5 was used with predefined hyperparameters to evaluate its pre-trained knowledge in concrete cracking. Then, the YOLOv5 architecture was fine-tuned to accommodate the specific characteristics of surface cracks within concrete structural components. Finally, the model's backbone was replaced with ResNet-50, and its performance was examined. The experiments in this study involved a diverse dataset of surface crack images and aimed to compare the performance of the three approaches in terms of Precision, Recall, and mean Average Precision metrics. Our findings indicate that YOLOv5-based approaches possess good surface crack identification, with the backbone replacement approach demonstrating the potential for improved adaptability to various structural environments. By combining the capabilities of YOLOv5 and the training strategies, the approach enhances the accuracy and reliability of the surface crack detection systems, resulting in the overall safety and durability of critical infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Finite element study of a vertical rotor with tilting pads supported by an elastic structure 弹性结构支撑倾斜盘垂直转子的有限元研究

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100242

Simon Pääjärvi , Gudeta Benti , Jan-Olov Aidanpää , Rolf Gustavsson

{"title":"Finite element study of a vertical rotor with tilting pads supported by an elastic structure","authors":"Simon Pääjärvi , Gudeta Benti , Jan-Olov Aidanpää , Rolf Gustavsson","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the dynamics of vertical rotor bearing systems have been studied, the interaction between vertical rotors, bearings, and supporting structures - such as casings, bearing brackets, and foundations, remains less explored. This study presents a combined experimental and numerical investigation of a coupled vertical rotor system, incorporating a nonlinear, speed- and eccentricity-dependent bearing. The novelty lies in the description of a complex, vertical, rotor-bearing-support system incorporating a nonlinear journal bearing model, to capture the effects of the rotor’s vertical orientation, as typical of hydropower applications. The system features an elastic mid-span rotor supported by a flexible tower structure. The four-shoe tilting pad bearings impose significant stiffness variations and nonlinearities, connecting the stationary and rotating components. Modal analysis identifies the critical speeds of the flexible supporting structure, and simulations in the time domain are conducted for various run-up conditions, focusing on the bearing response across the structure’s first two natural frequencies. The results show qualitative and quantitative agreement between the experimental and simulated responses, highlighting the distinct dynamic behaviors of the upper and lower bearings. The bearing response at the structure’s first critical speed is studied and demonstrates improved accuracy during critical conditions. This model builds on established methods to accurately represent vertical rotor dynamics with nonlinear, eccentricity- and speed-dependent bearing models, while extending its applicability to more complex systems by incorporating bearing support flexibility, effectively providing a framework for simulating systems such as complete hydropower units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solving an inverse problem with four unknown boundary conditions in a lid-driven cavity with heated walls using the levenberg-marquardt method 用levenberg-marquardt方法求解带有加热壁的盖驱动腔中四个未知边界条件的逆问题

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100245

Mojtaba Khosravi, Mohammad Mohammadiun, Hamid Mohammadiun, Mohammad hossein Dibaei bonab, Vali parvaneh

{"title":"Solving an inverse problem with four unknown boundary conditions in a lid-driven cavity with heated walls using the levenberg-marquardt method","authors":"Mojtaba Khosravi, Mohammad Mohammadiun, Hamid Mohammadiun, Mohammad hossein Dibaei bonab, Vali parvaneh","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the application of the Levenberg-Marquardt method in solving inverse heat transfer problems for a lid-driven cavity with four unknown thermal boundary conditions. The direct problem is solved using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques implemented in OpenFOAM, employing the URANS equations. The numerical framework is first validated against experimental data from literature for a cavity with known boundary conditions. The inverse analysis focuses on simultaneously estimating four wall temperatures using temperature measurements at various sensor locations. The effects of sensor quantity and placement, algorithm parameters (fractional increment and damping coefficient), and measurement noise on the solution accuracy are systematically examined. The algorithm demonstrates robust convergence using a fractional increment of 0.0001 and an initial damping value of 1.0. It also maintains stability and accuracy even when measurement noise reaches up to 10 % of the maximum temperature difference. Under various conditions, the proposed approach consistently converges in approximately 12 iterations, confirming its effectiveness for simultaneously estimating multiple thermal boundary conditions in enclosed cavities. This study contributes to the development of reliable inverse methods for industrial applications involving natural convection in temperature-controlled chambers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shrinkage properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete- A review 钢纤维混凝土的收缩性能综述

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100244

Mohammad Abedi , Terje Kanstad , Stefan Jacobsen , Guomin Ji

{"title":"Shrinkage properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete- A review","authors":"Mohammad Abedi , Terje Kanstad , Stefan Jacobsen , Guomin Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cracks induced by concrete shrinkage may allow corrosive agents to penetrate steel reinforced concrete and deteriorate the reinforcement. Adding randomly distributed steel fiber to concrete can reduce shrinkage and prevent the initiation of cracking, along with improving tensile strength and ductility. Autogenous shrinkage and drying shrinkage are the most important types of shrinkage in steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). There is a general lack of knowledge related to the autogenous and drying shrinkage of SFRC. In the paper, the main factors that affect the autogenous shrinkage and drying shrinkage of SFRC are thoroughly examined through literature review. These factors include fiber volume, fiber geometry, curing method, water binder ratio (w/b), expansive agent, shrinkage mitigation, supplementary cementitious material (SCM), admixtures and hybridizing different fiber materials. It is concluded that increasing fiber volume up to some optimal volume, using expansive agents and shrinkage mitigation, as well as hybridizing different fibers, can reduce markedly the drying shrinkage. Furthermore, the water binder ratio, curing method and presence of silica fume, fly ash, and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) influence shrinkage development in SFRC. In the last part, models predicting the autogenous and drying shrinkage of SFRC are discussed and new research is proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural network-based metamodel for scaffolding behavior: Application for structural load analysis and safety enhancement 基于神经网络的脚手架行为元模型：在结构荷载分析和安全性增强中的应用

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100240

Mohamad Al Omari , Mojtaba Eslahi , Rani El Meouche , Amine Ammar , Laure Ducoulombier , Laurent Guillaumat

{"title":"Neural network-based metamodel for scaffolding behavior: Application for structural load analysis and safety enhancement","authors":"Mohamad Al Omari , Mojtaba Eslahi , Rani El Meouche , Amine Ammar , Laure Ducoulombier , Laurent Guillaumat","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scaffolding safety remains a critical challenge in construction, contributing significantly to site accidents and injuries. This study addresses the issue by developing a metamodel to simulate scaffolding behavior under dynamic loads, such as wind and worker activities, to prevent failure and enhance structural reliability. A finite element model (FEM) was developed to analyze 30,000 scenarios, significantly reducing the time required for structural assessments. To optimize efficiency further, a neural network was trained to accurately predict scaffolding responses, achieving an impressive R<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> value of 0.9996, thus minimizing reliance on time-intensive FEM simulations. While not a full digital twin implementation, this research establishes a strong foundation for integrating such technology in the future. By demonstrating the potential of metamodeling for improving safety and efficiency, the study offers valuable insights for advancing digital solutions in construction safety and sets the stage for further exploration of digital twin systems in the industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenomenological–based strategy for the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model parameters identification Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman模型参数辨识的现象学策略

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100243

R. Bensaada , A. Imad , T. Kanit , A. EL Moumen , M. Almansba , A. Saouab

{"title":"Phenomenological–based strategy for the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model parameters identification","authors":"R. Bensaada , A. Imad , T. Kanit , A. EL Moumen , M. Almansba , A. Saouab","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman GTN model is widely used for ductile fracture simulations. However, the selection of its parameters is often done randomly to reproduce the experimental data without considering the physical consistency of the set of parameters selected. This contribution is dedicated to the relevance of the GTN model parameters selection using a consistent method based on the ductile fracture phenomenology.</div><div>The proposed method consists of the prioritization of the void volume fraction parameters in accordance with the kinetics of the ductile fracture phenomenon, while the nucleation and fracture parameters are chosen in conformity to the strength to fracture. Experimental data obtained from 12NC6 steel is used through various tests. Axisymmetric notched and compact tension specimens are used. The interest of the use of this variety of tests lies in the variation of stress triaxiality ratio given its widely proven importance in the ductile fracture process. The strategy is finally applied to a CT (Compact-Tension) test simulation. Satisfactory result are achieved while the number of attempts to reproduce the experimental data is considerably reduced, this lead to considerable saving of computational time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupling FVM and FEM using coupling code with Code Saturne and Code ASTER 用code Saturne和code ASTER耦合代码耦合FVM和FEM

IF 2.2

Applications in engineering science Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apples.2025.100237

Dimitri Vesvard , Philippe Karamian-Surville , Nizar Abcha

引用次数: 0