Alpha psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Current Use and Future Perspectives. A Systematic Mapping Literature Review.","authors":"Andrea Zucchetti, Viola Bulgari, Cecilia Davini, Marco Ghio, Marisa Dosoli, Michela Gregorelli, Gabriele Nibbio, Stefano Barlati, Antonio Vita","doi":"10.31083/AP45104","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP45104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are increasingly applied in psychiatric research, yet their use in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) remains heterogeneous. This systematic mapping literature review aimed to examine the current applications of AI systems in SSDs. AI approaches were categorized into natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL). Key study characteristics were systematically analyzed, including publication year, type of AI algorithm, study population, clinical outcomes, and instrumental techniques. Trends in journal impact factor (IF) were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic mapping approach was employed to identify and categorize relevant studies investigating AI applications in SSDs. Included studies were analyzed according to predefined evaluation criteria to provide an overview of methodological trends and research focus within the field.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 853 studies met the inclusion criteria. Machine Learning emerged as the most frequently utilized AI approach. AI methods were predominantly applied to diagnostic and differential diagnostic tasks in SSDs. The most commonly employed instrumental techniques were magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). Journal Impact Factor varied significantly across study characteristics, with higher IFs observed in studies focusing specifically on schizophrenia, reporting diagnostic outcomes, or employing MRI or EEG-based measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review represents the first systematic mapping literature review to comprehensively examine AI applications in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The findings may support clinicians and researchers in planning, implementing, and evaluating AI-based methodologies in SSD research and clinical contexts. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to establish the clinical validity, robustness, and translational applicability of these algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"45104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and Verification of a Risk Prediction Model for Suicidal Ideation in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: A Machine Learning Analysis.","authors":"Xia Luo, Xiaoling Lin, Qinghua Zhao, Shaoyu Mu, Xueying Yu, Chenyun Zhang, Duoduo Lin, Tian Zhou, Qijun Shui","doi":"10.31083/AP45589","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP45589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD) is closely associated with suicidal ideation (SI). The development of an effective prediction model for SI in BD patients could facilitate early risk identification in high-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a cross-sectional design. Patients with BD were enrolled from three tertiary hospitals between July 2021 and July 2024. All participants were randomly allocated to training (n = 204) or testing (n = 88) sets at a 7:3 ratio. A hybrid feature selection strategy integrating the data-driven Boruta algorithm with clinical expertise was used to identify potential predictors of SI. Nine machine learning algorithms were applied to the training set to construct SI prediction models. The optimal model was selected through comprehensive evaluation of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), F1 score, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, and other indicators. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis was used to rank and interpret the importance of features in the best-performing model and to assess their contributions to SI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 292 patients with BD were analyzed, of whom 149 (51.03%) reported SI during the past week. Among the nine models, the random forest (RF) model demonstrated superior predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.915 (95% CI: 0.850-0.965), a balanced accuracy of 0.818, a sensitivity of 0.891, a specificity of 0.833, a precision of 0.826, a average precision of 0.922, an F1 score of 0.860, and a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.704. The SHAP analysis revealed that quality of life was the most influential predictor, followed by the number of depressive episodes, history of suicide attempts, cognitive functioning, and emotional abuse in childhood trauma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RF-based models can effectively predict SI in BD patients and inform clinically targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"45589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Risperidone Microspheres for Injection (II) in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Prospective, Single-Arm, Multicenter Real-World Study.","authors":"Wei Li, Jinghui Tong, Xiaoxiao Gao, Hu Deng, Zezhi Li, Junhong Zhu, Jiahong Liu, Yanchi Zhang, Dengtang Liu, Xiaobin Zhang, Jianping Tang, Yuxiu Sui, Hezeng Yang, Yunshu Zhang, Chao Li, Xuhui Zhou, Baoping Xing, Yi Wang, Jiaqi Song, Rongzhen Zhang, Yang Shen, Yanying Song, Yanfang Zhou, Shujuan Pan, Wei Zheng, Yunlong Tan","doi":"10.31083/AP39454","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP39454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics improve adherence and promote long-term recovery in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Risperidone Microspheres for Injection (II) (RMI-II), a novel LAI formulation, offers rapid symptom control with a 2-week dosing interval. However, real-world evidence regarding its efficacy and safety remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, single-arm, multicenter study was conducted across 15 Chinese research centers. Eligible patients (n = 228) met DSM-5 criteria for SSD, had a Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score ≥70, and were followed for 12 weeks. Patients received RMI-II (25-50 mg/2 weeks) via intramuscular injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 228 patients (50.88% male, mean age [37.00 ± 12.82] years) receiving RMI-II, the PANSS total score decreased significantly by 14.02 (3.22, 24.85) at week 2 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 38.28 (19.02, 51.34) at week 12 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). At week 2, 37.1% patients achieved clinical response (defined as ≥20% reduction in PANSS total score), and this proportion increased to 83.7% by week 12. By the end of the 12-week treatment, the clinical remission rate (defined as scores ≤3 on PANSS items P1, P2, P3, N1, N4, N6, G5, and G9) was 68.9%. The Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale score improved from a baseline moderate-to-severe level 5.0 (5.0, 6.0) to a mild-to-moderate level 3.0 (2.0, 4.0). Adverse events occurred in 15.35% of patients, with hyperprolactinemia (1.3%) and extrapyramidal symptoms (1.3%) being most common.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RMI-II appeared to be effective and well-tolerated in reducing acute psychotic symptoms. These findings suggest it may represent an additional therapeutic option for SSD.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>No: ChiCTR2200066865, 20 December 2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=183302.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"39454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Functional Network Alterations in Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder and Suicidal Attempt: A Resting-State fMRI Study.","authors":"Wei Peng, Yujie Yang, Zhenhong Liao, Gaoyuan Liu, Ping Liu, Feifei Zhang","doi":"10.31083/AP48336","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP48336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The neurobiological mechanism underlying suicidal attempts in depressive adolescents remains unknown. This study investigated brain functional network changes in adolescent depression with suicidal attempt.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First episode, treatment naïve adolescent patients with depression and suicidal attempts, and healthy adolescents matched for age and sex were enrolled. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance images were obtained and whole-brain functional matrices were constructed to analyze functional connectivity differences between the two groups. The graph theory method was used to analyze topological alterations in brain regions with altered functional connectivity. Correlations were analyzed between functional parameters and clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 47 patients and 33 healthy adolescents were included. Depressed adolescents with suicidal attempts showed lower functional connectivities than did healthy controls in critical brain regions, mainly located in the sensorimotor network, default mode network, cognitive control network, visual network and cerebellum. Graph theory analysis revealed a decreased degree centrality in the right precentral gyrus of patients. Correlation analyses identified a negative association between depressive symptom severity and functional connectivity in the left supplementary motor cortex-inferior parietal lobule in the patient group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed functional abnormalities in depressed adolescents with suicidal attempts in critical brain networks that were responsible for emotional regulation, cognitive process and behavioral controls, and suggested critical neurobiological evidence of suicidality in depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"48336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inheritance of Struggle: How Economic Inequality Fuels Depression Across Generations.","authors":"Jaewon Lee, Jennifer Allen","doi":"10.31083/AP53180","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP53180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There have been few nationally representative studies on the association between intergenerational economic resources and mental health, particularly in the context of the mother-child relationship. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between maternal poverty and young adult children's depression and to test the mediating role of young adult children's income on the relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data were collected from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 79 for Children and Young Adults (NLSY79 CY). The two data sets were merged, 4224 pairs of mothers and their young adult children were selected, and a mediation model was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mothers' poverty was significantly associated with their young adult children's income and their young adult children's depression. Young adult children's income was also significantly associated with their depression. Results indicated evidence of a mediation of the association between maternal poverty and young adult children's depression by young adult children's income.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Recognizing mothers as independent agents of mobility transmission is necessary to further understand intergenerational mobility by considering the relationship between mothers and children. Anti-poverty interventions or programs targeted toward mothers should be developed to reduce mental health problems amongst their young adult children. Educational programs meant to increase economic resources should also focus on women with children in order to improve intergenerational economic mobility and their children's depression in young adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"53180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seizures Risk Related to Atypical Antipsychotics: A Disproportionality Analysis Based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).","authors":"Xue Zhao, Yu Cheng, Shen He, Fan Mou, Wei Li, Shunying Yu","doi":"10.31083/AP44501","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP44501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This pharmacovigilance study aimed to characterize the spectrum of seizure-related adverse events (AEs) associated with eight commonly used atypical antipsychotics (AAPs)-clozapine, quetiapine, olanzapine, aripiprazole, ziprasidone, risperidone, lurasidone, and paliperidone-based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, and to explore potential receptor mechanisms underlying AAP-related seizures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Disproportionality analysis was performed using FAERS data from the first quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2025. Signal values were assessed using the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) algorithms. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to examine associations between ROR values and receptor binding affinity (Ki) data for D1, D2, D3, 5-HT_1A, 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2C receptors and 5-HT_1A/D2, 5-HT_2A/D2, and 5-HT_2C/D2 receptor ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 9057 reports of AAPs-seizures pairs (N ≥3), and 8540 cases demonstrating significant seizures-related signals detected by ROR analysis at the preferred term (PT) level. The eight AAPs demonstrated distinct seizures AE profiles, with quetiapine associated with the broadest spectrum (15 PTs). At the High-Level Group Term (HLGT) level, ziprasidone showing the strongest association (ROR₀₂₅ = 3.21), followed by quetiapine (ROR₀₂₅ = 2.62), clozapine (ROR₀₂₅ = 2.58), olanzapine (ROR₀₂₅ = 2.53) and aripiprazole (ROR₀₂₅ = 2.05). Risperidone, paliperidone, and lurasidone exhibited comparatively lower signals. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the 5-HT_1A/D2 receptor affinity ratio and ROR values (rs = -0.79, <i>p</i> = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This large-scale real-world analysis suggests that clozapine, quetiapine, olanzapine, aripiprazole, and particularly ziprasidone are associated with higher reporting signals for seizures compared with risperidone, paliperidone, and lurasidone. The inverse correlation with the 5-HT_1A/D2 ratio suggests a potential pharmacodynamic mechanism. Clinicians should consider these differential risks, especially when prescribing for patients with predisposing factors, and maintain vigilance for specific seizures types. These findings warrant further validation through prospective studies and clinical causality assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"44501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Charles Bonnet Syndrome: A Scoping Review of Psychotic Symptoms in Vision Loss.","authors":"Georgios D Floros, Petros Petrou, Ioanna Mylona","doi":"10.31083/AP47195","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP47195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite ongoing discussions regarding the connection between overt psychosis and the impairment of visual function, the discourse primarily centers on the potential neurobiological association between major psychotic disorders and congenital blindness. Specific neurological lesions are associated with psychotic symptoms, including visual hallucinations. Defining and assessing psychotic-like symptoms remains problematic and the negative effects of vision loss on the development of psychotic-like symptoms have not been adequately studied. In this scoping review, we present a clear picture of this complex relationship, with conclusions that will assist the differential diagnosis of psychotic symptoms in the ophthalmological patient. A literature search was undertaken on primary studies and reviews about psychotic symptoms in eye disease outside the context of the Charles Bonnet syndrome and established dementia. Seven reviews and nine primary studies or case series were included in the article. Nearly all reviews and two primary studies centered on visual hallucinations (VH) and only three primary studies expanded the scope to include other psychotic symptoms. There are considerable gaps in our knowledge concerning the characteristics of psychotic symptoms in patients with eye disease, primarily due to the lack of willingness to examine the possibility that a significant number of psychotic symptoms other than VH exist. Furthermore, the lack of a consensus on a set of criteria for Charles Bonnet syndrome is hampering research that would assist clinical management and the field, overall. A shift in the field of psychiatric research to the study of other psychotic symptoms, including non-hallucinatory changes to typical visual perception, has been noted but remains in the very early stages. Building on this new knowledge base with the addition of psychotic symptoms in newly established visual disorders, will help both fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"47195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematic Digital Behaviors, Procrastination, and Psychological Well-Being: An Integrative Explanatory Model of Happiness in Young Adults.","authors":"Marc Carrasco-Reig, Irene López-Palanca, Manuel Martí-Vilar, Francisco González-Sala, Javier Esparza-Reig","doi":"10.31083/AP47250","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP47250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, the emergence and development of new technologies have led to an increase in problematic digital behaviors, which have been associated with lower levels of subjective well-being and reduced perceptions of happiness among young people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study employed a non-experimental, descriptive, and correlational design. The aim was to examine the relationships among problematic digital behaviors, maladaptive coping, and subjective well-being, in order to develop an integrative explanatory model. Participants completed a series of online questionnaires assessing the variables of interest. A path analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample consisted of 763 young individuals aged between 18 and 30 years, with a mean age of M = 21.4 (SD = 2.76), and 66.7% were women. Results indicated that problematic internet use was positively associated with problematic pornography use, gaming disorder, and compulsive buying disorder, explaining 12%, 7%, and 13% of their variance, respectively. Moreover, all four behaviors exhibited negative relationships with psychological well-being, with procrastination acting as a mediating variable. The model accounted for 23% of the variance in procrastination and 19% in psychological well-being. Finally, psychological well-being was positively and significantly associated with happiness, explaining 46% of its variance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed theoretical model demonstrated good fit across all goodness-of-fit indices, highlighting the importance of understanding the role of emerging problematic digital behaviors and their impact on well-being and happiness. These findings support the promotion of self-regulation strategies and healthy digital habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"47250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Correlates of Problematic Alcohol Use Among Older Chinese Adults: A Study Combining Logistic Regression and Psychological Network Analysis.","authors":"Hang Qian, She-Hui Chang, Bao-Liang Zhong","doi":"10.31083/AP45934","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP45934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol use inflicts substantial harm on older adults; however, research in China remains limited. The association between alcohol use and depression at the symptom level is particularly unclear. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of problematic alcohol use (PAU) and the network structure of comorbid PAU and depressive symptoms among older Chinese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 2643 adults aged ≥60 years in Wuhan, China. PAU was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and depressive symptoms were measured with the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Multivariate logistic regression identified correlates of PAU. A regularized partial correlation network was constructed to examine the comorbid structure of AUDIT and PHQ-9 symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of any alcohol use was 21.0%, and that of PAU was 8.4%. Significant correlates of PAU included depressive symptoms (OR = 1.68, <i>p</i> = 0.004), male sex (OR = 2.87, <i>p</i> = 0.001), employment (OR = 1.51, <i>p</i> = 0.034), rural residence (OR = 1.51, <i>p</i> = 0.034), and lower monthly household income (0-56 USD vs. ≥490 USD: OR = 4.02, <i>p</i> = 0.020). In the network, the strongest edges were AUDIT-PHQ-1 \"anhedonia\" (edge weight = 0.272) and AUDIT-PHQ-3 \"sleep disturbance\" (edge weight = 0.183). Centrality indices revealed that PHQ-3 \"sleep disturbance\" and PHQ-1 \"anhedonia\" were the most central symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Depressive symptoms were strongly associated with PAU among older Chinese adults. Male sex, employment, rural residence, and low income increased the risk. Anhedonia and sleep disturbance emerged as pivotal depressive symptoms bridging PAU. Interventions targeting reward processing and sleep regulation may mitigate this comorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"45934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Dependent Corpus Callosum Thickness Abnormalities and Clinical Implications in Treatment-Naïve First-Episode Schizophrenia.","authors":"Jinni Lin, Lihong Deng, Mingli Li, Qiang Wang, Liansheng Zhao, Hua Yu, Xiaojing Li, Wei Deng, Wanjun Guo, Tao Li, Peiyan Ni, Wei Wei","doi":"10.31083/AP48363","DOIUrl":"10.31083/AP48363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although morphological abnormalities of the corpus callosum (CC) have been reported in schizophrenia, findings across studies have been inconsistent. We systematically examined whether these morphological alterations are influenced by age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 151 individuals with treatment-naïve first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and 278 healthy controls were included. T1-weighted structural MRI scans were used to segment the CC on the midsagittal plane into 100 equidistant points, and CC thickness was estimated at each point. To determine whether CC thickness abnormalities associated with schizophrenia were moderated by age, we applied the Johnson-Neyman technique. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between age-dependent CC thickness abnormalities and clinical symptoms using partial least-squares correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Abnormal CC thickness was observed in individuals with treatment-naïve FES, specifically within the rostral body, anterior midbody, isthmus, and splenium. These regions were thinner in younger patients compared with healthy controls but appeared thicker in older patients. Furthermore, increased CC thickness in older patients was associated with greater clinical symptom severity, whereas this association was not observed in younger patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that CC thickness abnormalities in treatment-naïve FES are age-dependent. The relationship between CC thickness and symptom severity also varies as a function of age. These results suggest that the CC may represent a critical biological target for age-sensitive, individualized therapeutic interventions in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":72151,"journal":{"name":"Alpha psychiatry","volume":"27 2","pages":"48363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}