Jacob Wekalao, Ngaira Mandela, Gideon Mwendwa, Oumaymah Elamri, Alla Eddine Toubal Maamar
{"title":"Advanced plasmonic sensor design for sperm detection with machine learning-driven optimization","authors":"Jacob Wekalao, Ngaira Mandela, Gideon Mwendwa, Oumaymah Elamri, Alla Eddine Toubal Maamar","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08151-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08151-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the optimization of surface plasmon resonance parameters for the development of a high-sensitivity, label-free sperm detection system. An analysis was performed to evaluate critical optical and plasmonic parameters within the frequency range of 0.12–0.129 THz. A detailed parametric analysis was conducted, examining key sensing metrics including refractive index variations (n = 1.33–1.3461), sensitivity (S), figure of merit (FOM), detection limit (DL), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Results demonstrate a significant enhancement in sensing performance, with optimal FOM values of 131.579RIU<sup>−1</sup> achieved at frequencies of 0.123 and 0.12 THz, and corresponding detection limit values reaching 0.013. The system exhibits stable spectral characteristics, maintaining a consistent full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 0.038 across the investigated frequency range. Peak sensitivity values of 5000 GHz/RIU were observed, concurrent with a constant detection angle (DA) of 26.316. The quality factor (Q) exhibited a decrease from 3.395 to 3.158 with decreasing frequency, indicating an optimal operational range. A controlled decrease in the dynamic range (DR) from 0.662 to 0.616 was also observed. The optimized parameters demonstrate the potential for implementing highly sensitive, reliable SPR platforms suitable for both clinical diagnostics and research applications in biomedical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed I. Wafa, Sahar A. El-Naggar, Yasser M. El-Batawy
{"title":"Stochastic analysis of two-dimensional circular and square metallic photonic crystals","authors":"Mohamed I. Wafa, Sahar A. El-Naggar, Yasser M. El-Batawy","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08167-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08167-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to the random imperfections in the fabrication processes, the metallic photonic crystals might suffer from some degradation of their functionality. In the presented work, the impacts of uncertainties of the dimensions and the angle of rotations of the rods of 2D photonic crystals on their operating photonic characteristics are examined. The presented stochastic modeling is based on the Mote Carlo technique and method of frequency-dependent plane wave expansion. The research focuses on two constructions, the Metallic-Rods PCs and the Air-Holes PC, where rods and holes with both square and circular shapes are investigated. Numerical results of the stochastic analysis show that uncertainties in the dimensions of the PC on its photonic gap are more effective in case of metallic rods showing that Air-Holes PCs can be regarded as a good candidate with the least amount of photonic gap alteration resulted from design parameters’ random deviations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11082-025-08167-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohd. Shkir, Ashwani Kumar, Omar Al. Otaibi, Fawzeyah Alkhaloofa, I. M. Ashraf
{"title":"Novel CuO NPs urea assisted combustion synthesis with enhanced dielectric and photodetection performance for optoelectronic devices","authors":"Mohd. Shkir, Ashwani Kumar, Omar Al. Otaibi, Fawzeyah Alkhaloofa, I. M. Ashraf","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08197-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08197-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the authors used various U (U) concentrations, ranging from 0.25g to 3.00 g to synthesize the CuO nanoparticles (NPs) via the flash combustion method for the first time at a fixed 500 °C temperature. Structural and vibrational, along with elemental composition and e-mapping studies, confirm the monophasic synthesis of CuO NPs with up to 1g of U concentrations; however, at higher concentrations of U, the presence of carbon and Cu<sub>2</sub>O was noticed. The particle size estimated from the Scherrer equation and SEM is found to be reduced. Diffused reflectance spectra were recorded for all samples, and a blue shift in absorption edges was noticed, which indicates a reduction in bandgap values with increasing U fuel. The dielectric constant, loss, and electrical conductivity were studied for all samples, indicating high capacitive storage material. The photocurrent, photosensitivity, and other electrical parameters were studied and discussed under the influence of different light illuminations. The photodetector device prepared with 3g-U-CuO NPs possesses superior electrical properties. These results suggest the use of synthesized CuO NPs for future optoelectronic devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dispersion-engineered segmented core rib waveguide for coherent and broadband supercontinuum generation in both all-normal and anomalous regimes","authors":"Deepak Garg, Ajeet Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08202-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08202-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a novel, dispersion engineered, segmented core rib waveguide for broadband, highly coherent and flat supercontinuum generation in both all-normal and anomalous dispersion regime. The waveguide uses Aluminum Gallium Arsenide, known as “silicon of non-linear optics”, as the core material. To achieve a flat and low dispersion profile, we employed dispersion engineering by optimizing the geometrical parameters of the waveguide. The optimized design features an all normal, flat top dispersion profile with values below—4.43 ps/nm/km across the spectral range of 4.8–7 µm achieving a dispersion value of − 1.71 ps/nm/km at the pump wavelength of 5 µm. Our simulation study, employing the split step Fourier transform method results in coherent supercontinuum spectrum broadening from 2 to 12 µm (40 dB level) and 2.1 to 9.8 µm (20 dB level) in 3 mm long waveguide when pumped with 5 µm secant hyperbolic pulses having pulse width 50 fs and peak power 6 kW. To the best of our knowledge, such broadband supercontinuum spectrum in mid-infrared region at the 20 dB level using waveguide geometry has been reported for the first time. Additionally, when pumped in anomalous dispersion region at 6 µm, our simulations result in supercontinuum broadening from 2.6 to 16 µm (40 dB level) in mid-infrared region under identical laser operating conditions. The proposed waveguide can serve as a promising candidate for on-chip supercontinuum sources and for diverse applications like frequency comb generation, early cancer diagnostic, chemical sensing and food-quality control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Truong Huu Nguyen, Tram Ngoc Le Pham, Truc Thi Duong, Tam Bang Thi Dao, Ke Huu Nguyen, Dung Van Hoang, Anh Tuan Thanh Pham, Thang Bach Phan, Phuong Tuyet Nguyen, Vinh Cao Tran
{"title":"Investigation of Ga and F co-doping effects on the electrical, optical, and structural properties of ZnO thin films for transparent electrode applications","authors":"Truong Huu Nguyen, Tram Ngoc Le Pham, Truc Thi Duong, Tam Bang Thi Dao, Ke Huu Nguyen, Dung Van Hoang, Anh Tuan Thanh Pham, Thang Bach Phan, Phuong Tuyet Nguyen, Vinh Cao Tran","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08227-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08227-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Co-doping is a widely employed strategy for enhancing the electrical properties of ZnO thin films. In this study, Gallium (Ga) and Fluorine (F) were simultaneously incorporated into transparent conductive ZnO (F<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>y</sub>_ZnO) via the DC magnetron sputtering technique. This research not only identifies the optimal co-doping ratios of F and Ga but also elucidates the critical role of Ga in providing a substantial concentration of electron carriers. Concurrently, F is shown to effectively passivate oxygen vacancies, thereby enhancing the electron mobility of pure ZnO thin films. The results indicate that an 800 nm thickness ZnO film with an optimal doping composition of 3% atomic Ga and 1% atomic F (designated as FGZO), deposited on a glass substrate at 500 °C in an Argon atmosphere, achieves remarkable metrics: a carrier concentration of 6.33 × 10²⁰ cm⁻³, electron mobility of 40.59 cm²/V.s, and a resistivity of 2.7 × 10⁻⁴ Ωcm. This doping ratio represents the most effective configuration explored in this study. Furthermore, the average transmittance in the visible and near-infrared regions exceeds 80%. The FGZO thin film exhibits considerable potential for various applications as transparent electrodes in optoelectronic devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Light extraction enhancement in light emitting diode covered with ZnO-rGO quantum dots layer: experimental and simulation insight","authors":"Shakti Prasad Mishra, Rashmita Panda, Kusha Kumar Naik","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08184-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08184-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the enhancement of light extraction of a silicon carbide (SiC)-based chip-on-board (COB) light-emitting diode (LED) using a ZnO-rGO QDs thin film as an external layer on the top of the device. The intensity of extracted LED light coated with ZnO-rGO QDs thin film increases by approximately 19% compared to the LED with ZnO QDs thin film without altering the electrical properties. The suitable and integrated combination of ZnO, rGO, and RTV silicone above the LED surface shows the enhancement of light extraction efficiency. The theoretical simulation of the light extraction of the materials also replicates the fact that the ZnO-rGO QDs exhibit better light extraction performance than pristine ZnO and rGO materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transforming medical diagnostics with metasurface terahertz biosensing technology: a label-free biosensor for detecting multiple diseases","authors":"Taha Sheheryar, Ye Tian, Bo Lv, Lei Gao","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08225-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08225-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents an innovative metasurface-based terahertz biosensor that enables label-free, non-invasive and cost-effective detection of a wide array of diseases including malaria and eight types of cancers. The sensor uses a triple-resonance response to detect spectral shifts caused by refractive index variations in diseased tissues and offers exceptional disease diagnostic performance. It’s simple yet innovative layered structure composed of Aluminum (Al) and Polyimide eliminates the need for complex fabrication processes and use of expensive or 2 dimensional materials which makes it a highly scalable and affordable solution in the field of advanced disease detection. With sensitivities up to 1.43 THz/RIU, a Figure of Merit of 17.54 RIU⁻¹ and a Quality Factor of 18.33, the biosensor is capable of detecting even the smallest changes in dielectric properties enabling early-stage diagnosis of infectious diseases like malaria and brain cancer. Completely polarization insensitive with wide angular stability of up to 70°, the sensor ensures reliable performance across a wide range of diverse diagnostic environments. This handy platform not only eliminates the reliance on disease-specific devices but also streamlines diagnostics which makes it ideal for resource-constrained healthcare settings. Its ease of fabrication, adaptability and ability to deliver precise, real-time and rapid results positions itself as a game-changer in personalized medicine, point-of-care diagnostics and global health initiatives while setting new standards for disease detection and management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janghyun Ryu, Taeho Woo, Jeehwan Kim, Jungje Jo, Namwook Joe, Suh-young Kwon, Chao-Kuei Lee, Ju Han Lee
{"title":"A relative humidity sensor based on V4C3 MXene-coated etched optical fiber","authors":"Janghyun Ryu, Taeho Woo, Jeehwan Kim, Jungje Jo, Namwook Joe, Suh-young Kwon, Chao-Kuei Lee, Ju Han Lee","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08204-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08204-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A relative humidity (RH) sensor based on a V4C3 MXene-coated etched single-mode optical fiber is experimentally demonstrated. We fabricated and tested RH sensors with four different diameters of 15, 16, 17, and 18 μm for the optimization of etching thickness in terms of hysteresis. It was shown that the RH sensor with a 17 μm diameter delivered the most repeatable performance with the lowest hysteresis during both RH rising and falling processes. The operating RH range for the sensor was from 30 to 80%. The sensor demonstrated fast response and recovery times of 0.125 s and 0.386 s, respectively, suggesting its potential for real-time breath monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ramos-Velazquez, A. Balashov, A. Bondarenko, D. Sinev, P. Filatov, D. Kononov, A. Tiushkevich, T. Vartanyan, D. Dadadzhanov, G. Romanova
{"title":"A novel method for silver nanoparticle deposition in microfluidic systems: backward laser transfer approach","authors":"A. Ramos-Velazquez, A. Balashov, A. Bondarenko, D. Sinev, P. Filatov, D. Kononov, A. Tiushkevich, T. Vartanyan, D. Dadadzhanov, G. Romanova","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08209-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08209-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser-induced backward transfer (LIBT) was for the first time employed to deposit silver nanoparticles in a microfluidic system. The prefabricated reservoir on a fused silica surface served as an acceptor while the bulk silver target (donor) was ablated with nanosecond laser pulses. The obtained microfluidic system was used for the detection of reactive oxygen species via chemiluminescent reaction with luminol. We found that LIBT deposited silver nanoparticles enhance luminol chemiluminescence by up to 66% compared to the reference in a microfluidic system without silver nanoparticles. The optimum conditions were established for the deposition of silver nanoparticles by LIBT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The study of two-dimensional electromagnetically induced grating in a partially closed M-type atomic model","authors":"Yiming Xu, Leyu Li, Haiyun Lu, Yiming Zhang, Shenwei Li, Jia Liu, Zhiwen Xie, Aijun Li","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08188-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08188-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In contrast to the general implementation of electromagnetic induced gratings (EIG) in atomic systems, which achieve high diffraction efficiency with specific parameters or within a small range of variation, here, we find that the EIG scheme implemented in our partially closed atomic system can not only improve the relative diffraction efficiency by changing parameters in the coupling field regulation, but also exhibits good robustness. In addition to achieving higher relative diffraction efficiency of EIG by tuning system parameters, such as coupling field Rabi frequency, probe field detuning, and relative phase, the impact on diffraction efficiency becomes very small once the Rabi frequency continues to increase after the relative diffraction efficiency reaches its maximum value in the coupling field Rabi frequency regulation. This means that to a large extent, the destruction from external conditions of the coupling field that affects the high relative diffraction efficiency can be avoided. This implies that our research has great application potential and prospects in all-optical switches, optical information processing, and beam splitting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}