Optical and Quantum Electronics最新文献

{"title":"The structural, dielectric and impedance spectroscopic properties of NiMnCeFe2O4/MWCNTs nanocomposites for energy storage applications","authors":"Sapna Tahir,&nbsp;Wahab Ullah,&nbsp;Muhammad Khalid,&nbsp;Muhammad Younas,&nbsp;Muhammad Gul Bahar Ashiq,&nbsp;Imed Boukhris,&nbsp;M. S. Al-Buriahi,&nbsp;Amani Alalawi,&nbsp;Shamoon Ismail,&nbsp;Iftikhar Ahmad","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08099-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08099-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research study employed the sol–gel auto-combustion technique for the fabrication of NiMnCeFe₂O₄ nanoparticles. Their nanocomposites with MWCNTs (multi-walled carbon nanotubes) (NiMnCeFe₂O₄)_1−x/(MWCNTs)_x; <i>x</i> = 0–20 wt% have been prepared via ultra-sonication route. For the purpose of functionalization of the both, toluene served as the dispersive medium. X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were employed to investigate the crystalline structure and phase constituents of prepared nanocomposites. From the XRD results, the average crystallize size was calculated and found in the range of 8.20 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging allowed a detailed examination of the microstructure and morphology of the nanocomposites. The atomic vibrations and chemical composition of the nanocomposite were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The dielectric properties of the nanocomposite have been examined across a frequency range of 25 Hz to 1 MHz. These properties were notably altered with the incorporation of MWCNTs. The dielectric constant and loss have increased at lower of frequency for the samples of the nanocomposites. This value of the high dielectric constant and loss observed can be explained by Maxwell–Wagner type space charge polarization. The impedance of the prepared nanocomposites has decreased massively with the addition of the MWCNTs as compare to the pristine nanoparticles. The magnetic of the characteristics synthesized nanocomposites were also examined under the influence of an applied magnetic field ranging from − 20 to 20 kOe. The integration of MWCNTs resulted in remarkable changes in the magnetic and dielectric properties of the pure nanoparticles. This demonstrates the potential of MWCNTs to improve the performance of nanocomposite for use in electric and magnetic storage applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mode-locking at extended 2 µm wavelengths in holmium-doped fiber laser using Ti3C2/Fe3O4 nanocomposites","authors":"Harith Ahmad,&nbsp;Khalil Kamaruzzaman,&nbsp;Muhamad Zharif Samion,&nbsp;Suresh Sagadevan,&nbsp;Neda’a Al-Adaileh","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08215-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08215-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the Ti₃C₂ MXene was modified with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles to achieve an enhanced material for mode-locking purposes in the fiber laser system. We present the first demonstration of Ti₃C₂/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites as a saturable absorber for mode-locking in a holmium-doped fiber laser (HDFL) operating at 2076 nm. The composite was deposited onto an arc-shaped fiber and then integrated into the HDFL to achieve stable mode-locked pulses. The pulses had a fundamental frequency of 17.13 MHz, with a 1.59 ps pulse width. A high signal-to-noise ratio of 50 dB confirmed the pulse generation was stable. This work highlights the potential of Ti₃C₂/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites for advancing ultrafast laser technology and expanding the operational scope of mode-locked fiber lasers at longer wavelengths.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavity-length optimization for short pulses generation in passively Q-switched EDFL using MAX-phase boride compounds","authors":"Abdulkadir Mukhtar Diblawe,&nbsp;Alabbas A. Al-Azzawi,&nbsp;Jassim K. Hmood,&nbsp;Mustafa Mohammed Najm,&nbsp;Kaharudin Dimyati,&nbsp;Sulaiman Wadi Harun","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08232-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08232-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we optimized the configuration of a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) for generating short laser pulses using the MAX-phase composite film. The MAX-phase ceramic film was prepared by implanting powder of molybdenum aluminum boride (MoAlB) in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer using a drop and casting process. Afterward, the proposed film was incorporated into EDFL with different cavity lengths to obtain a narrow laser pulse. Laser rings with 6 m and 3 m lengths were chosen to study the performance of the proposed EDFL. In the case of 6 m cavity length, the Q-switching operation was stable over varying pump power from 50.46 mW to 80.99 mW, producing laser pulses with a repetition rate ranging from 48.66 kHz to 58.86 kHz with a width of 2.05 µs to 1.24 µs. However, optimizing the EDFL cavity length to 3 m led to an increase in the pulse rate to 99.23 kHz and a reduction in the pulse width to 840 ns. The maximum output power was 0.21 mW with pulse energy of 2.11 nJ.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational study of nonlinear optical properties of dihydropyridine analogue (1,4-DHP-CHO) using DFT method","authors":"Ali G. Swadi,&nbsp;Qusay M. A. Hassan,&nbsp;Tahseen A. Alsalim,&nbsp;H. A. Sultan,&nbsp;C. A. Emshary","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08211-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08211-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, we designed a compound by one-pot reaction of four compounds to synthesise a heterocyclic scaffold called 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHPo), which was then used to synthesise a novel compound from the reaction of DHPo with Vilsmeier reagent (POCl3/DMF) to form 1,4-DHP-CHO. Computationally, Density Functional Theory is employed to investigate the thermodynamic and geometric properties of molecules. The B3LYP hybrid functional and the 6-311G(2d,p) basis set are employed to determine the HOMO, LUMO energy, and Hirshfeld atomic charges. The electronic spectrum was studied using CAM-B3LYP and 6-311G(2d,p) bases sets of the 1,4-DHP-CHO compound. A continuous wave 473nm laser beam with Gaussian intensity profile in the x–y plane propagates along the z-axis traverses dihydropyridine, producing diffraction patterns. We have studied the diffraction patterns temporal evolution, the effect of laser beam wave front and the variation of the power input. The diffraction patterns appeared symmetric with respect to the z-axis then they lose symmetry and appeared asymmetric when the thermal convection current overcome the conduction thermal current. The number of rings in each pattern and the closed aperture Z-scan are used to estimate the nonlinear refractive index, n₂, of the sample. As high as 3.9978 × 10^–7 cm²/W according to the first technique and 0.15 × 10^–7 cm²/W according to the second technique of n₂ are obtained. Two Gaussian laser beams viz., 473 nm and 532 nm as the controlling and controlled beams are used respectively in the all-optical switching. The first beam forced the second one to generate diffraction patterns are employed to investigate the all-optical switching characteristics in the dihydropyridine analogue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Q multi fano resonance in metal–insulator–metal waveguide and its application in magnetic field sensing","authors":"Zhuang Li,&nbsp;Yan Pan,&nbsp;Fang Chen,&nbsp;Wenxing Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08212-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08212-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article proposes a novel magnetic field sensor which combines a metal insulator metal (MIM) waveguide with a Fano resonance (FR) system, this design is capable of detecting the strength of an external vertical magnetic field through the movement of Fano spectral lines. The proposed FR system consists of a ring resonator, a square resonator, and a metal baffle. The Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method is used to study the transmission and magnetic field distribution characteristics. Research has shown that by adjusting geometrical parameters such as the radius of the ring resonator, the coupling distance, and the edge length of the square resonator, the position and intensity of the FR can be effectively tuned. The simulation results show that the designed sensor exhibits high sensitivity in the magnetic field range of 0–350 Gs, with a maximum magnetic sensitivity of <span>(36.4{kern 1pt} {text{p}}m/Gs)</span> and Figure of Merit (FOM) of <span>(1.8 times 10^{ - 3} Gs^{{{ - }{1}}})</span>. In addition, the resolution of the sensor reached <span>({0}{text{.0275}}{kern 1pt} G{text{s}})</span>, indicated its good potential for sensing applications. The proposed Fano resonance magnetic field sensor is crucial for improving the performance of existing technologies, especially in magnetic field sensing across scientific, industrial, and technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution characteristics of double-half inverse gaussian hollow beams in uniaxial crystals","authors":"M. Yaalou,&nbsp;M. Lazrek,&nbsp;Z. Hricha,&nbsp;A. Belafhal","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08208-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08208-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we elaborate the analytical propagation expression for a double-half inverse Gaussian hollow beam (DHIGH) in a uniaxial crystal perpendicular to the optical axis, and the normalized intensity characteristics and the phase pattern of this optical field are analyzed with several numerical calculations. It is demonstrated that the intensity of the DHIGH beam exhibits astigmatism, with its evolution upon propagation being highly influenced by the initial beam’s diameter and the refractive index ratio of the anisotropic crystal. The finding could contribute to the advancement of hollow beams in anisotropic media.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A broadband hybrid plasmonic slot optical waveguide modulator based on graphene and metal nanoribbons for near-infrared applications","authors":"Siyi Su,&nbsp;Wenjie Wu,&nbsp;Siyuan Luo,&nbsp;Yi Luo,&nbsp;Longfang Ye","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08236-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08236-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amplitude modulators play a key role in modern high-speed optical communication systems, facilitating the conversation between electrical and optical signals. This study numerically demonstrates a hybrid plasmonic waveguide modulator based on graphene and metal nanoribbons, capable of achieving high-efficiency amplitude modulation and low insertion loss. Taking advantage of the adjustability of graphene conductivity and the optical waveguide’s hybrid surface plasmon polariton effects, the modulator achieves a high modulation depth of 15.12 dB/µm, an insertion loss of 1.03 dB/µm, a high-quality factor of 14.7, and a high modulation efficiency of 93.63% at the wavelength of 1550 nm. The modulator also demonstrates stable broadband modulation performance, where for a 0.4 μm long modulator, the averaged transmission coefficient S₂₁ maintains at around − 0.46 dB and around − 6.49 dB under the ON and OFF states in a wide wavelength range from 1150 to 1950 nm, respectively. This high-performance modulator may have great potential applications in high-speed optical interconnection and communication systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Na-doped Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films and electrical analysis of Al/ p-Cu2ZnSnS4: Na (1%)/Mo structure","authors":"M. Marzougui,&nbsp;R. Coq Germanicus,&nbsp;X. Larose,&nbsp;M. Ben Rabeh,&nbsp;M. Kanzari","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08219-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08219-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work deals with the study of the microstructure, morphology and optical properties of vacuum annealed Cu₂ZnSnS₄: Na films deposited on heated glass substrates by single source vacuum thermal evaporation. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy characterized the structure of the samples and showed that they are all polycrystalline with kesterite phase and a preferred (112) plan orientation. Sodium doping reduces the FWHM, increases grain size and a decrease in stress and dislocations. AFM and SEM studies of sodium-doped Cu₂ZnSnS₄ thin films, known as CZTS, indicate they have a fairly smooth surface and that the morphology improves with Na doping. A good crystallinity, with average transmittance above 85%, was obtained for the thin films doped with 1% sodium. A decrease in the Eg band gap value towards optimum values with Na incorporation compared to the undoped sample. The Na dopant enhances the Hall effect characteristics by increasing the carrier concentration and reducing the resistivity. These properties make CZTS: Na 1% a suitable material for many applications such Schottky diode… Therefore, a Schottky diode was designed and realized by Al contact on CZTS: Na 1%/Mo. Electrical characteristics based on current–voltage were determined. The analysis is based on the theory of thermionic emission, which allows the determination of the saturation current, the ideality factor, the series resistance and the barrier height, which were estimated to be 1.19 × 10⁻⁴A, 1.57, 0.54 eV and 10.78Ω, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameters of the electrical equivalent model of the solar cell","authors":"Ahmed Kotbi,&nbsp;Ilham Hamdi Alaoui,&nbsp;Bouchaib Hartiti,&nbsp;Mohamed Rafi,&nbsp;Andreas Zeinert,&nbsp;Abderraouf Ridah,&nbsp;Mustapha Jouiad","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08210-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08210-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report on two analytical methods describing the electrical properties of photovoltaic modules. The improved nonlinear five-point model (INFP) and the least squares (LS) method were evaluated in terms of the efficacy in determining the intrinsic parameters of photovoltaic modules based on silicon technology both monocrystalline and polycrystalline. The INFP model, used to replicate the electrical behavior of photovoltaic modules, is generally based on simplified assumptions that provide a practical mathematical framework. We leveraged the advantages of the LS method to better account for diode effects and nonlinear behaviors. To assess the ability of the two methods to adapt to different photovoltaic technologies, we evaluated these methods on two distinct technologies under variable irradiation levels. Our findings were further compared to the manufacturers published data. The least squares method is convenient and fast, but it may lack the precision of more rigorous analytical methods such as the five-point method. Subsequently, both INFP and LS models were applied to our processed solar cell based on n-SnS₂/p-Si and perovskite, which showed their capabilities to extract intrinsic parameters towards small thin-film cells with low photovoltaic efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of carbon quantum dot luminescence efficiency through N, S co-doping for rapid ion Fe3+ detection","authors":"Huu Phuc Dang,&nbsp;Vo Thi Ngoc Thuy,&nbsp;Bui Thi Diem,&nbsp;Nguyen Quoc Thang,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Mai Tho","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08185-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08185-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon quantum dots (N, S-CQDs) with enhanced photoluminescence were synthesized via a hydrothermal method using citric acid and thiourea as the precursors. The optimized synthesis yielded a high quantum yield (50.14%), surpassing many previously reported N, S-CQDs, with excellent fluorescence stability and a low detection limit (LOD = 0.184 µM) for Fe³⁺ sensing. Spectroscopic analysis confirmed successful heteroatom incorporation, where C=S and C–N functional groups introduced new defect states, enhancing fluorescence efficiency. Fe³⁺-induced fluorescence quenching followed a dynamic quenching mechanism, as confirmed by Stern–Volmer analysis, fluorescence lifetime measurements, and FTIR spectral shifts. The N, S-CQDs exhibited high selectivity for Fe³⁺ over competing metal ions and demonstrated practical applications in real water sample analysis<b>,</b> with stable recovery rates (96.83–104.19%) in both clean and industrially polluted water. This study provides a high-QY, low-LOD Fe³⁺ fluorescence sensor that offers a balance between sensitivity, selectivity, and environmental applicability, reinforcing the potential of N, S-CQDs for real-world metal ion detection and environmental monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}