{"title":"Mode-locking at extended 2 µm wavelengths in holmium-doped fiber laser using Ti3C2/Fe3O4 nanocomposites","authors":"Harith Ahmad, Khalil Kamaruzzaman, Muhamad Zharif Samion, Suresh Sagadevan, Neda’a Al-Adaileh","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08215-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> MXene was modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles to achieve an enhanced material for mode-locking purposes in the fiber laser system. We present the first demonstration of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites as a saturable absorber for mode-locking in a holmium-doped fiber laser (HDFL) operating at 2076 nm. The composite was deposited onto an arc-shaped fiber and then integrated into the HDFL to achieve stable mode-locked pulses. The pulses had a fundamental frequency of 17.13 MHz, with a 1.59 ps pulse width. A high signal-to-noise ratio of 50 dB confirmed the pulse generation was stable. This work highlights the potential of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites for advancing ultrafast laser technology and expanding the operational scope of mode-locked fiber lasers at longer wavelengths.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11082-025-08215-y","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this work, the Ti3C2 MXene was modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles to achieve an enhanced material for mode-locking purposes in the fiber laser system. We present the first demonstration of Ti3C2/Fe3O4 nanocomposites as a saturable absorber for mode-locking in a holmium-doped fiber laser (HDFL) operating at 2076 nm. The composite was deposited onto an arc-shaped fiber and then integrated into the HDFL to achieve stable mode-locked pulses. The pulses had a fundamental frequency of 17.13 MHz, with a 1.59 ps pulse width. A high signal-to-noise ratio of 50 dB confirmed the pulse generation was stable. This work highlights the potential of Ti3C2/Fe3O4 nanocomposites for advancing ultrafast laser technology and expanding the operational scope of mode-locked fiber lasers at longer wavelengths.
期刊介绍：
Optical and Quantum Electronics provides an international forum for the publication of original research papers, tutorial reviews and letters in such fields as optical physics, optical engineering and optoelectronics. Special issues are published on topics of current interest.
Optical and Quantum Electronics is published monthly. It is concerned with the technology and physics of optical systems, components and devices, i.e., with topics such as: optical fibres; semiconductor lasers and LEDs; light detection and imaging devices; nanophotonics; photonic integration and optoelectronic integrated circuits; silicon photonics; displays; optical communications from devices to systems; materials for photonics (e.g. semiconductors, glasses, graphene); the physics and simulation of optical devices and systems; nanotechnologies in photonics (including engineered nano-structures such as photonic crystals, sub-wavelength photonic structures, metamaterials, and plasmonics); advanced quantum and optoelectronic applications (e.g. quantum computing, memory and communications, quantum sensing and quantum dots); photonic sensors and bio-sensors; Terahertz phenomena; non-linear optics and ultrafast phenomena; green photonics.
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