Accounts of materials research最新文献

{"title":"Dislocation Loop Transformation in Metals: Computational Studies, Theoretical Prediction and Future Perspectives","authors":"Cheng Chen, Yiding Wang, Jie Hou, Jun Song","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00296","url":null,"abstract":"Dislocation loops (DLs), characterized by closed dislocation lines, are a category of defects of vital importance in determining the mechanical properties of metals, particularly under extreme conditions, such as irradiation, severe plastic deformation, and hydrogen embrittlement. These loops, more intricate than simple dislocations, exhibit far more intricate reaction and evolution pathways arising from the loop type transformation and the associated planar fault transition. This can significantly alter dislocation activities contributing to dislocation channels and complex dislocation networks, which are closely linked to crack initiation and propagation during fracture. Understanding the transformation of DLs is crucial for the development of materials capable of withstanding harsh environments, including those encountered in nuclear reactors, aerospace applications, and hydrogen-rich environments. This Account delves into the computational advancements in studying DL transformations in FCC, HCP, and BCC metals. Traditional simulations often struggle to capture the complexity of DL structures and interactions. To overcome these limitations, a novel computational approach has been developed, enabling precise construction and analysis of DLs. Not only does it automatically account for necessary atom addition or deletion, it is also generic and versatile, applicable for any arbitrary DL morphology with planar fault or fault combination in both pristine metal and complex alloy systems. The new construction approach of DLs provides a critical enabler for studying the transformation of DLs across different crystal structures. In high-symmetry FCC metals, these transformations involve complex unfaulting driven by Shockley and Frank loop interactions, influenced by variations in stress, temperature, and radiation. Meanwhile, HCP metals, with a lower crystal symmetry, exhibit more complex DL transformations due to high anisotropy in the slip systems, variation in Burgers vectors, and different planar faults. Unlike pristine FCC and HCP lattices, ordered intermetallic systems like L1<sub>2</sub>-Ni<sub>3</sub>Al experience a disruption of translational symmetry within the lattice. The ordered nature of these alloys complicates DL interacting with line dislocation, causing asymmetrical shearing and looping mechanisms. BCC metals, in contrast, exhibit different DL evolution due to the lack of stable stacking faults, leading to stronger interactions with impurities such as carbon and hydrogen. In particular, the interaction between DLs and hydrogen in BCC metals is a critical aspect worth investigating as it can cause severe damage in BCC materials under irradiation, hydrogen embrittlement, and intense deformation. This Account highlights the complex nature of DL transformation in metals under extreme environments and recent computational advances. Differences in the evolution of DLs across crystal structures and their interactions with cracks and solute e","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dislocation Loop Transformation in Metals: Computational Studies, Theoretical Prediction and Future Perspectives","authors":"Cheng Chen, Yiding Wang, Jie Hou* and Jun Song*, ","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0029610.1021/accountsmr.4c00296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00296https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00296","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dislocation loops (DLs), characterized by closed dislocation lines, are a category of defects of vital importance in determining the mechanical properties of metals, particularly under extreme conditions, such as irradiation, severe plastic deformation, and hydrogen embrittlement. These loops, more intricate than simple dislocations, exhibit far more intricate reaction and evolution pathways arising from the loop type transformation and the associated planar fault transition. This can significantly alter dislocation activities contributing to dislocation channels and complex dislocation networks, which are closely linked to crack initiation and propagation during fracture. Understanding the transformation of DLs is crucial for the development of materials capable of withstanding harsh environments, including those encountered in nuclear reactors, aerospace applications, and hydrogen-rich environments. This Account delves into the computational advancements in studying DL transformations in FCC, HCP, and BCC metals. Traditional simulations often struggle to capture the complexity of DL structures and interactions. To overcome these limitations, a novel computational approach has been developed, enabling precise construction and analysis of DLs. Not only does it automatically account for necessary atom addition or deletion, it is also generic and versatile, applicable for any arbitrary DL morphology with planar fault or fault combination in both pristine metal and complex alloy systems. The new construction approach of DLs provides a critical enabler for studying the transformation of DLs across different crystal structures. In high-symmetry FCC metals, these transformations involve complex unfaulting driven by Shockley and Frank loop interactions, influenced by variations in stress, temperature, and radiation. Meanwhile, HCP metals, with a lower crystal symmetry, exhibit more complex DL transformations due to high anisotropy in the slip systems, variation in Burgers vectors, and different planar faults. Unlike pristine FCC and HCP lattices, ordered intermetallic systems like L1<sub>2</sub>-Ni<sub>3</sub>Al experience a disruption of translational symmetry within the lattice. The ordered nature of these alloys complicates DL interacting with line dislocation, causing asymmetrical shearing and looping mechanisms. BCC metals, in contrast, exhibit different DL evolution due to the lack of stable stacking faults, leading to stronger interactions with impurities such as carbon and hydrogen. In particular, the interaction between DLs and hydrogen in BCC metals is a critical aspect worth investigating as it can cause severe damage in BCC materials under irradiation, hydrogen embrittlement, and intense deformation. This Account highlights the complex nature of DL transformation in metals under extreme environments and recent computational advances. Differences in the evolution of DLs across crystal structures and their interactions with cracks and sol","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"6 4","pages":"473–483 473–483"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Optical Lithography: Toward Nondestructive Patterning of Nanocrystal Emitters","authors":"Seongkyu Maeng,  and , Himchan Cho*, ","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.5c0001610.1021/accountsmr.5c00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.5c00016https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.5c00016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"6 4","pages":"393–398 393–398"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Optical Lithography: Toward Nondestructive Patterning of Nanocrystal Emitters","authors":"Seongkyu Maeng, Himchan Cho","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.5c00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.5c00016","url":null,"abstract":"Figure 1. (A) Schematic illustration of the main parameters for next-generation display and (B) schematic illustration of strategies for nondestructive direct optical lithography process. Figure 2. Schematic illustrations and methods for the design of (A) photosensitive molecules and (B) ligand post-treatment. Figure 3. Schematic overview of challenges in direct optical lithography. S.M. and H.C. wrote the manuscript. S.M. conducted literature review and prepared figures. H.C. supervised the project. <b>Seongkyu Maeng</b> is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Materials Science and Engineering from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea. He earned his B.S. (2022) and M.S. (2024) in Materials Science and Engineering from KAIST. His research focuses on the patterning of emissive nanomaterials. <b>Himchan Cho</b> is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea. He received his B.S. (2012) and Ph.D. (2016) in Materials Science and Engineering from the Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Republic of Korea. Following his doctoral studies, he worked as a postdoctoral scholar at Seoul National University (2016–2018) and the University of Chicago (2018–2021) before he joined KAIST in 2021. His research interests focus on synthesis, patterning, and device applications of metal halide perovskites and colloidal quantum dots. This work was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT, Korea: RS-2022-NR068226 (2022M3H4A1A04096380) and RS-2024-00416583. This article references 35 other publications. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile Strategies for Incorporating Chiroptical Activity into Organic Optoelectronic Devices","authors":"Hanna Lee,&nbsp;Danbi Kim,&nbsp;Jeong Ho Cho and Jung Ah Lim*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0037410.1021/accountsmr.4c00374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00374https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00374","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;Chiral optoelectronics, which utilize the unique interactions between circularly polarized (CP) light and chiral materials, open up exciting possibilities in advanced technologies. These devices can detect, emit, or manipulate light with specific polarization, enabling applications in secure communication, sensing, and data processing. A key aspect of chiral optoelectronics is the ability to generate or detect optical and electrical signals by controlling or distinguishing CP light based on its polarization direction. This capability is rooted in the selective interaction of CP light with the stereogenic (non-superimposable) molecular geometry of chiral substances, wherein the polarization of CP light aligns with the intrinsic asymmetry of the material. Among the diverse chiral materials explored for this purpose, π-conjugated molecules offer special advantages due to their tunable optoelectronic properties, efficient light–matter interactions, and cost-effective processability. Recent advancements in π-conjugated molecule research have demonstrated their ability to generate strong chiroptical responses, thereby paving the way for compact and multifunctional device designs. Building on these unique advantages, π-conjugated molecules have advanced organic electronics into rapidly evolving technological fields. The combination of chiral π-conjugated molecules with organic electronics is anticipated to simplify the fabrication of chiroptical devices, thereby lowering technical barriers and accelerating progress in chiral optoelectronics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p &gt;This Account introduces strategies for incorporating chiroptical activity into organic optoelectronic devices, focusing on two main approaches: direct incorporation of chiroptical activity into π-conjugated polymer semiconductors and integration of chiral organic nanoarchitectures with conventional organic optoelectronic devices. In the first approach, we especially highlight simple methods to induce chiroptical activity in various achiral π-conjugated polymers through the transfer of chirality from small chiral molecules. This hybrid approach effectively combines the excellent electrical properties and various optical transition properties of achiral polymers with the strong chiroptical activity of small molecules. Moreover, we address a fundamental challenge in achieving chiroptical transitions in planar π-conjugated polymers, demonstrating the development of low-bandgap π-conjugated polymers that exhibit both strong chiroptical activity and excellent electrical performance. Another approach, incorporating chiroptical activity into existing organic optoelectronic devices, which have already achieved significant performance advances, presents an effective strategy for high-performance chiral optoelectronics. For this purpose, we introduce the use of supramolecular assemblies of π-conjugated molecules to impart chiroptical responses into high-performance optoelectronic systems, utilizing efficient charge ","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"6 4","pages":"434–446 434–446"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile Strategies for Incorporating Chiroptical Activity into Organic Optoelectronic Devices","authors":"Hanna Lee, Danbi Kim, Jeong Ho Cho, Jung Ah Lim","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00374","url":null,"abstract":"Chiral optoelectronics, which utilize the unique interactions between circularly polarized (CP) light and chiral materials, open up exciting possibilities in advanced technologies. These devices can detect, emit, or manipulate light with specific polarization, enabling applications in secure communication, sensing, and data processing. A key aspect of chiral optoelectronics is the ability to generate or detect optical and electrical signals by controlling or distinguishing CP light based on its polarization direction. This capability is rooted in the selective interaction of CP light with the stereogenic (non-superimposable) molecular geometry of chiral substances, wherein the polarization of CP light aligns with the intrinsic asymmetry of the material. Among the diverse chiral materials explored for this purpose, π-conjugated molecules offer special advantages due to their tunable optoelectronic properties, efficient light–matter interactions, and cost-effective processability. Recent advancements in π-conjugated molecule research have demonstrated their ability to generate strong chiroptical responses, thereby paving the way for compact and multifunctional device designs. Building on these unique advantages, π-conjugated molecules have advanced organic electronics into rapidly evolving technological fields. The combination of chiral π-conjugated molecules with organic electronics is anticipated to simplify the fabrication of chiroptical devices, thereby lowering technical barriers and accelerating progress in chiral optoelectronics.","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Hierarchy to Porous Organic Cages for Biomimetic Catalytic Applications","authors":"Jing-Wang Cui,&nbsp;Si-Hua Liu,&nbsp;Liang-Xiao Tan and Jian-Ke Sun*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0040210.1021/accountsmr.4c00402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00402https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00402","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;In nature, hierarchy is a core organizational principle intricately woven into biological systems, facilitating the compartmentalization of enzymes within living cells. This spatial arrangement enables multistep metabolic reactions to occur simultaneously with remarkable efficiency and precision. Inspired by this, significant progress has been made in artificial biomimetic heterogeneous catalytic systems using porous materials like metal–organic frameworks, porous organic polymers, and zeolites. Among these, molecular cages, with their well-defined cavities, stand out as synthetic models for enzyme-mimic catalysis. They not only provide biomimetic microenvironments for substrate binding, mimicking the highly specific and efficient interactions observed in natural enzymatic systems, but also integrate active centers within confined nanoscale spaces, enabling synergistic functionality. However, research in cage-based biomimetic catalysts has largely focused on tailoring the cavity environment─such as optimizing cavity size, pore geometry, and functional groups on the pore walls─to regulate catalytic processes, while comparatively less attention has been given to the catalytic role of metal centers, akin to the critical function in natural metalloenzymes. While metal nodes in metal–organic cages can act as active sites, their catalytic efficiency may be hindered by coordination saturation. Moreover, the restricted (sub)nanoscale space of molecular cage reactors limits their capacity to host larger active sites or accommodate bulky substrates. Thus, rationally engineering the confined spaces and optimizing the spatial arrangement of active sites within molecular cage-based catalytic systems is essential for advancing the field and unlocking their full potential.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p &gt;This Account leverages recent advancements in molecular cage materials, particularly porous organic cages (POCs), to design hierarchical POCs as versatile platforms for biomimetic catalytic systems. It begins by defining hierarchical POCs, outlining their structural and compositional hierarchies, and highlighting the significant potential they hold for biomimetic catalysis. We then explore the approaches for introducing hierarchy into POCs, discussing how insights from both serendipitous experimental data (shear flow assisted crystallization) and deliberate design lead to the development of specific strategies. These include noncovalent and covalent/coordination-driven assembly approaches for creating architectural hierarchies with micro-, meso-, and/or macropores. By integrating diverse active sites, such as metal clusters (MCs), metal complexes, and enzymes, within these (hierarchical) pores, we establish component hierarchies. The focus then shifts to biomimetic catalysis, where we emphasize the precise optimization of active site size, location, and the surrounding microenvironment to enhance catalytic performance. Additionally, we highlight the importance of communication and ","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"6 4","pages":"484–498 484–498"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Hierarchy to Porous Organic Cages for Biomimetic Catalytic Applications","authors":"Jing-Wang Cui, Si-Hua Liu, Liang-Xiao Tan, Jian-Ke Sun","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00402","url":null,"abstract":"In nature, hierarchy is a core organizational principle intricately woven into biological systems, facilitating the compartmentalization of enzymes within living cells. This spatial arrangement enables multistep metabolic reactions to occur simultaneously with remarkable efficiency and precision. Inspired by this, significant progress has been made in artificial biomimetic heterogeneous catalytic systems using porous materials like metal–organic frameworks, porous organic polymers, and zeolites. Among these, molecular cages, with their well-defined cavities, stand out as synthetic models for enzyme-mimic catalysis. They not only provide biomimetic microenvironments for substrate binding, mimicking the highly specific and efficient interactions observed in natural enzymatic systems, but also integrate active centers within confined nanoscale spaces, enabling synergistic functionality. However, research in cage-based biomimetic catalysts has largely focused on tailoring the cavity environment─such as optimizing cavity size, pore geometry, and functional groups on the pore walls─to regulate catalytic processes, while comparatively less attention has been given to the catalytic role of metal centers, akin to the critical function in natural metalloenzymes. While metal nodes in metal–organic cages can act as active sites, their catalytic efficiency may be hindered by coordination saturation. Moreover, the restricted (sub)nanoscale space of molecular cage reactors limits their capacity to host larger active sites or accommodate bulky substrates. Thus, rationally engineering the confined spaces and optimizing the spatial arrangement of active sites within molecular cage-based catalytic systems is essential for advancing the field and unlocking their full potential.","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Photo-Cross-Linkers for Nondestructive Photopatterning of Electronic Materials","authors":"Shahid Ameen,&nbsp;Myeongjae Lee,&nbsp;Moon Sung Kang,&nbsp;Jeong Ho Cho and BongSoo Kim*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0036510.1021/accountsmr.4c00365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00365https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00365","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;Solution-processed electronics have shown promise in cost-effective manufacturing, but face challenges in precisely and accurately placing electronic materials. Traditional methods, such as photolithography with photoresists, involve complex steps that can damage electronic materials. Alternatives such as orthogonal patterning and inkjet printing are limited by the difficulty of finding compatible chemicals that do not dissolve underlying layers, while nanoimprinting lacks compatibility with high-throughput processes and suffers from poor chemical robustness. Conventional photo-cross-linking approaches have used organic or polymeric agents to pattern electronic layers, but the consecutive application of photo-cross-linking processes for patterning and stacking of multiple electronic materials typically led to degradation of the intrinsic properties of the materials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p &gt;To overcome these issues, we have demonstrated a promising photopatterning strategy of using highly efficient, three-dimensional photo-cross-linkers bearing multiple phenyl azides. Specifically, electronic materials hosting a minimal amount of the photo-cross-linkers were photo-cross-linked under UV through a photomask, followed by subsequent removal of the uncross-linked parts using a developing solvent. This method produces a patterned electronic layer that maintains chemical and physical stability while enhancing the thermal and mechanical stabilities. The successive patterning of electronic materials in this approach has precise control over parallel or vertical stacking of high-resolution electronic material layers without optical/electrical property loss. This Account provides an overview of our efforts toward photopatterning electronic materials in the field of polymer thin film transistors (PTFTs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs). First, two azide-based multibridged photo-cross-linkers (i.e., 4Bx and 6Bx) were developed and applied to fabricate all-solution-processed PTFTs. These cross-linkers have excellent cross-linkability compared to a conventional bifunctional photo-cross-linker (i.e., 2Bx), leading to fabricating thin-film electronic layer patterns and acquiring chemical resistance of each layer. Moreover, they effectively reduce leakage current and enhance the electrical strength in dielectric layers. This research underscores the crucial role of efficient cross-linkers in achieving all-solution-processed, all-photopatterned organic electronic devices while preserving their intrinsic electrical properties of employed semiconducting polymers. These cross-linkers have also been applied for OLEDs, which produces high-resolution photopatterned light-emitting polymer semiconductors. Furthermore, azide-based photo-cross-linking chemistry has been applied to the patterning of luminescent QDs. A breakthrough approach of utilizing a bulky isopropyl group-containing photo-cross-linker (i.e., IP-6-LiXer) has been de","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"6 3","pages":"340–351 340–351"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Sustainable Materials: From Lignocellulosic Biomass to High-Performance Polymers","authors":"Jignesh S. Mahajan, Eric R. Gottlieb, Jung Min Kim, Thomas H. Epps, III","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00359","url":null,"abstract":"Lignocellulosic biomass is an ideal feedstock for the next generation of sustainable, high-performance, polymeric materials. Although lignin is a highly available and low-cost source of natural aromatics, it is commonly burned for heat or disposed of as waste. The use of lignin for new materials introduces both challenges and opportunities with respect to incumbent petrochemical-based compounds. These considerations are derived from two fundamental aspects of lignin: its recalcitrant/heterogeneous nature and aromatic methoxy substituents. This Account highlights four key efforts from the Epps group and collaborators that established innovative methods/processes to synthesize polymers from lignin deconstruction products to unlock application potential, with a particular focus on the polymerization of biobased monomer mixtures, development of structure–property–processing relationships for diverse feedstocks, functional benefits of methoxy substituents, and scalability of lignin deconstruction.","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}