Nano-Micro Letters最新文献

{"title":"Thin-Film-Engineered Self-Assembly of 3D Coaxial Microfluidics with a Tunable Polyimide Membrane for Bioelectronic Power","authors":"Aleksandr I. Egunov,&nbsp;Hongmei Tang,&nbsp;Pablo E. Saenz,&nbsp;Dmitriy D. Karnaushenko,&nbsp;Yumin Luo,&nbsp;Chao Zhong,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang,&nbsp;Yang Huang,&nbsp;Pavel Fedorov,&nbsp;Leandro Merces,&nbsp;Minshen Zhu,&nbsp;Daniil Karnaushenko,&nbsp;Oliver G. Schmidt","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02188-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02188-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>A bottom-up, strain-induced self-assembly strategy transforms 2D thin-film stacks into 3D coaxial Swiss-roll microsystems.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Monolithic integration of a lithographically patterned, chemically tunable polyimide nanomembrane serves as a programmable proton exchange component.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Ultra-compact bioelectronic power supply achieves a volumetric power density of ~3.1 mW cm⁻³ within a 0.80 µL active volume and a 4.16 mm² footprint.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Sustainable dual-mode operation decouples microbial metabolism from power generation, eliminating biofouling and enhancing long-term stability.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The platform demonstrates scalable fabrication (&gt;85% yield) and provides a versatile architecture for integrable biohybrid devices.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02188-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Metal-Anchored 1D Mesoporous Channels to Enable Accelerated Redox Kinetics for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries","authors":"Dequn Zhao,&nbsp;Shun Wang,&nbsp;Yanan Zhang,&nbsp;Xingxing Zhang,&nbsp;Xuehan Hou,&nbsp;Hong Wang,&nbsp;Xiangyu Liu,&nbsp;Feiyang Yin,&nbsp;Wei Zhou,&nbsp;Wenhuan Huang","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02177-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02177-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been demonstrated as promising separators for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) owing to their highly tunable porous structures and intrinsic metal sites, which can guide uniform Li⁺ deposition, catalyze polysulfide conversion, and suppress polysulfide shuttling. However, conventional MOFs often have insufficient catalytic activity and Li⁺ transport control, and the role of their internal pore structure in regulating Li⁺ flux and polysulfide conversion remains unclear, limiting their effectiveness as high-performance separators. Herein, we report a series of azolate hybrid frameworks (M-AHF-DPDC, M = Fe, Co, Ni) featuring one-dimensional anionically charged channels that implement a dual-function regulation mechanism, simultaneously promoting uniform Li⁺ flux and catalyzing polysulfide conversion. Incorporation of Fe centers significantly enhances polysulfide redox kinetics, resulting in superior electrochemical performance, including a high initial capacity of 1400.7 mAh g⁻¹ and stable cycling over 700 cycles at 1 C, along with uniform Li⁺ deposition, outperforming most reported MOF-based separators. Density functional theory calculations confirm that Fe sites strongly adsorb and catalytically convert diverse polysulfides, promoting rapid sulfur species transformation. This work demonstrates that the synergistic combination of polysulfide blocking and catalytic conversion enhances LSBs performance and offers a feasible strategy for high-energy–density rechargeable lithium-sulfur batteries.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02177-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte","authors":"Yueying Chen,&nbsp;Hanyi Yu,&nbsp;Yuerui Lin,&nbsp;Cong Liu,&nbsp;Akif Zeb,&nbsp;Zijian Cai,&nbsp;Hongzhe Chu,&nbsp;Yuhong Luo,&nbsp;Xiaoming Lin,&nbsp;Jiaye Ye","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02157-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02157-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The characteristics and key challenges of the anode and solid electrolyte levels in alloy-solid-state batteries are reviewed.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The focus is on anode modification strategies such as interface modification, structural design, and composite electrolytes.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Analysis of failure mechanisms and innovation strategies regarding solid-state electrolyte interfaces, lithium-ion transport dynamics, and mechanical properties.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Looking forward to the potential directions and future opportunities of the development of alloy-based anode solid-state batteries.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02157-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147731279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing High-Performance Dual-Ion Batteries at High-Voltage: Challenges, Strategies, and Prospects","authors":"Chong Han,&nbsp;Yan-Song Xu,&nbsp;Ziyang Hu,&nbsp;An-Min Cao,&nbsp;GuanHua Chen","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02114-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02114-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Clarifies fundamental anion intercalation mechanisms, voltage window and solvation microenvironment in high-voltage dual-ion batteries.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Systematically identifies key challenges: electrolyte decomposition, solvent co-intercalation, unstable interphases, kinetic mismatch, limited capacity, low-temperature and safety issues.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Summarizes electrolyte, electrode, and interfacial engineering strategies and outlines future directions in advanced characterization, theory and artificial intelligence-guided materials/electrolyte design for practical dual-ion batteries deployment.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02114-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147726313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Sensor-Memory Computing for Post-Von Neumann Intelligence: A Perspective","authors":"Hongyu Tang,&nbsp;Ninghai Yu,&nbsp;Pengsheng Min,&nbsp;Ruiqian Guo,&nbsp;Guoqi Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02191-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02191-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>In-sensor-memory computing (ISMC) resolves von Neumann bottlenecks via synergistic innovations across multi-dimensional functional materials, hybrid architectures, and algorithm-hardware co-design.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>This paradigm empowers ultra-low-latency edge applications, paving the way for autonomous systems, bio-integrated healthcare, and decentralized swarm intelligence.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Translating ISMC into scalable commercialization necessitates global Industry-Academia-Research collaboration, application-centric benchmarking protocols, and cross-disciplinary ecosystem enablers.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02191-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wafer-Scaled III-Nitrides Nanowire Photocathodes Enabled by Synergistic Dual-Electron Extraction for Efficient Solar-to-Hydrogen Conversion","authors":"Xudong Yang,&nbsp;Yuying Liu,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Tianle Zhang,&nbsp;Wengang Gu,&nbsp;Xin Liu,&nbsp;Yuanmin Luo,&nbsp;Zhixiang Gao,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Menglong Wang,&nbsp;Weiyi Wang,&nbsp;Ran Long,&nbsp;Wei Hu,&nbsp;Jiajie Xu,&nbsp;Haiding Sun","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02186-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02186-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Efficient, durable, and scalable photocathodes are indispensable for large-scale solar-to-hydrogen production. Notably, single-junction semiconductor photocathodes are attractive due to their structural simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and mature fabrication, yet they usually exhibit intrinsically poor carrier extraction efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose a synergistic “dual-electron extraction” strategy that fully unleashes the hydrogen evolution potential of single-junction p-InGaN nanowires. Remarkably, the optimized p-InGaN photocathode achieves a photocurrent density of −3.40 mA cm⁻² at 0 V vs. RHE—representing a 37.8-fold enhancement over the pristine device—with an onset potential of 0.82 V vs. RHE, while sustaining stable hydrogen generation for over 300 h without additional protective layers. Specifically, an electron-blocking layer was incorporated within p‑InGaN nanowires to suppress electron backflow toward the substrate and promote transport to the nanowire/electrolyte interface. Furthermore, surface anion doping in InGaN nanowires significantly enhances the band bending of InGaN, which promotes interfacial electron transfer while simultaneously optimizing hydrogen adsorption energy, thereby accelerating the hydrogen evolution reaction rate. The proposed synergistic dual-electron extraction strategy markedly improves the electron utilization efficiency of single-junction InGaN nanowires, providing a novel pathway to address the intrinsic limitations of wafer-scale III-V nitride photoelectrodes. </p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02186-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147702250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entropy-Modulated Oxide–Metal Catalyst Architectures for Direct Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells","authors":"Dongyeon Kim,&nbsp;Dong Jae Park,&nbsp;Incheol Jeong,&nbsp;Seeun Oh,&nbsp;Hyeonggeun Kim,&nbsp;Mincheol Lee,&nbsp;Sang Won Lee,&nbsp;Kangyong Lee,&nbsp;Daehan Chung,&nbsp;Ki-Min Roh,&nbsp;Joongmyeon Bae,&nbsp;Tae Ho Shin,&nbsp;Kang Taek Lee","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights </h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Entropy-modulated oxide–metal catalyst exsolving Ni–Fe–Cu alloy nanoparticles from a high-entropy perovskite matrix enables efficient and durable ammonia decomposition.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Density functional theory calculations reveal that the high-entropy oxide framework facilitates cation exsolution and lowers the kinetic barriers for NH₃ decomposition; additionally, the exsolved Ni–Fe–Cu alloy nanoparticles exhibit markedly higher catalytic activity than single-metal surfaces.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Direct ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells (DA-PCFCs) incorporating the Sr₂Fe₁Mo_0.2Mn_0.2Cr_0.2Cu_0.2Ni_0.2O_6-<i>δ</i> (SFMMCCN) catalyst layer achieve a record-high power density of 2.04 W cm⁻² at 700 °C with stable operation for over 255 h under NH₃ fuel, demonstrating the effectiveness of the entropy-modulated catalyst in designing durable and high-performance DA-PCFCs for carbon-free ammonia-to-power technologies.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147695046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Ultramicropore and Hierarchical Pore Engineering in Heteroatom-Doped Carbon for High-Performance Zinc-Ion Capacitors","authors":"Jiale Zhang,&nbsp;Ruifang Zhang,&nbsp;Yangbo Du,&nbsp;Shuaihua Zhang,&nbsp;Runze Gao,&nbsp;Xuanqi Huang,&nbsp;Qi Yang,&nbsp;Debin Kong,&nbsp;Zhichang Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02181-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02181-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>A series of N/O/S-doped porous carbons are synthesized through a dual-molten-salt regulation strategy with controllable ultramicropore and mesopore structures.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The distinct functions of ultramicropores and hierarchical pores are delineated experimentally and theoretically, demonstrating that ultramicropores are crucial for facilitating the desolvation of [Zn(H₂O)₆]²⁺, while the hierarchical network ensures rapid ion transport.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The optimized cathode delivers a high specific capacitance (336.9 F g⁻¹), outstanding energy density (120.0 Wh kg⁻¹) and excellent air self-charging capability.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02181-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147702200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Overall Water Splitting with Advanced Oxidation for Wastewater Treatment Using a Bifunctional Medium-Entropy Amorphous Alloy","authors":"Cui Yifan,&nbsp;Wang Yonghui,&nbsp;Li Bo,&nbsp;Huang Jiaqi,&nbsp;Bo Le,&nbsp;Liu Hengqi,&nbsp;Mahlanyane Kenneth Mathe,&nbsp;Murodjon Samadiy,&nbsp;Guo Shengfeng,&nbsp;Shen Hongxian,&nbsp;Sun Jianfei,&nbsp;Jiang Sida","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02172-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02172-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogen energy is regarded as a clean and reliable approach for storing intermittent energy sources. However, stringent water quality requirements remain critical challenges. The development of a bifunctional catalyst capable of simultaneously driving overall water splitting and degrading pollutants in wastewater can substantially enhance energy utilization efficiency and enable resource recycling. Nevertheless, the mismatch in the optimal pH conditions and the difficulty in balancing degradation efficiency and electrolysis performance remain notable obstacles. In this study, (FeCoNi)₈₀B₂₀ medium-entropy amorphous alloy (MEAA) fibers were prepared using a low-cost melt-extraction method. Owing to the crystalline–amorphous heterostructure, the fibers achieved complete decolorization within 90 s, while remaining effective across a wide pH range. In addition, the (FeCoNi)₈₀B₂₀ delivered overpotentials of 275 and 220 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction, respectively. By synchronizing both catalytic reactions, the (FeCoNi)₈₀B₂₀ enabled direct water splitting in reclaimed water, achieving complete decolorization while preserving electrocatalytic stability in an anion-exchange-membrane electrolyzer for 100 h under highly alkaline conditions (pH = 13.6). Moderate OH* adsorption endowed (FeCoNi)₈₀B₂₀ with excellent ability. This bifunctional catalyst addresses the coupled challenges of energy storage and water scarcity and offers a promising foundation for industrial implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02172-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147685108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Entropy Catalysts for Biomass-Derived Chemicals Valorization: Mechanisms, Applications, and Opportunities","authors":"Fan Li,&nbsp;Longli Chen,&nbsp;Siwei Chen,&nbsp;Zhihui Ma,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;Fukuan Li,&nbsp;Feng Shen","doi":"10.1007/s40820-026-02192-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-026-02192-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The valorization of biomass-derived chemicals into high-value chemicals represents a crucial pathway toward a sustainable and low-carbon economy. However, the structural complexity and multifunctionality of these molecules demand catalysts capable of multisite activation and precise chemo-selectivity. High-entropy catalysts (HECs), which integrate five or more principal elements into a single phase, have recently emerged as a promising materials platform, offering tunable active sites, enhanced stability, and unique synergistic effects. This review provides a comprehensive and up‑to‑date overview of recent advances in HECs for the valorization of biomass‑derived chemicals. We first clarify the definition of high‑entropy materials and elucidate the relationships between the four core effects and catalytic performance. Subsequently, we systematically outline the key elements frequently incorporated in HECs, emphasizing their roles in modulating active sites and electronic structures. Design strategies, including component modulation, morphology/size regulation, defect engineering, and heterostructure construction, are discussed with a focus on synergistic mechanisms governing biomass conversion. The applications of HECs in major valorization reactions, including oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), hydrogenation of HMF and furfural (FF), oxidative condensation of FF, depolymerization of lignin, and conversion of glucose and glycerol are detailed, highlighting clear correlations between catalyst structure and catalytic efficacy. Finally, we identify prevailing challenges and outline future research directions aimed at the rational design of next-generation HECs for efficient and selective biomass upgrading. This work aims to serve as a foundational reference and stimulate further innovation in the application of HECs in biorefinery and green chemistry.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-026-02192-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147684817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}