Acta Physiologiae Plantarum最新文献

{"title":"Molecular docking assisted toxicity assessment of copper stress and protective role of triacontanol","authors":"Deniz Tiryaki,&nbsp;Gokce Karadayi,&nbsp;Yusuf Gulsahin,&nbsp;Busra Tosun,&nbsp;Hatice Ogutcu,&nbsp;Mehmet Karadayi,&nbsp;Medine Gulluce","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03908-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03908-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Triacontanol (TRIA), a natural plant growth regulation has been used on millions of hectares to increase agricultural productivity. In our study, to investigate the effects of TRIA on the resistance to Copper (Cu) heavy metal, bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. Ayyıldız) seeds were planted in petri dishes containing CuSO₄ (50, 100 and 200 µM). After germination, TRIA (10, 20 and 40 µM) was sprayed on the leaves on the 7th day. The plants were harvested on the 10th day. While some of the harvested plant root and leaf samples were first used for length measurements and fresh dry weight measurements, the remaining part was used to determine antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and additionally lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) amount. TRIA + Cu applications caused changes in enzyme activities depending on the doses. TRIA application, which caused an increase in Cu in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, decreased. A general decrease in H₂O₂ content was observed in leaf tissue. However, in root tissue, H₂O₂ content increased with Cu application, while it decreased with TRIA application. In addition, in silico molecular docking analyses were performed to explore potential interactions between Cu²⁺ ions and key physiological and antioxidant-related target proteins. The docking scores for WRKY4, catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were 4.991, 4.055, 6.327, and 4.673, respectively, indicating stable Cu²⁺ binding through conserved coordination environments. These findings provide mechanistic support for the experimentally observed alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities. As a result, it was suggested that TRIA played an important role in the antioxidant mechanism in wheat exposed to copper stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11738-026-03908-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gibberellic acid alleviate salinity and drought impacts in germinating barley seeds","authors":"Faiza Boussora,&nbsp;Tebra Triki,&nbsp;Sihem Ben Ali,&nbsp;Amna Ghanmi,&nbsp;Amel Gasmi,&nbsp;Kamel Nagaz,&nbsp;Ali Ferchichi,&nbsp;Elhem Mallek Maalej,&nbsp;Ferdaous Guasmi","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03911-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03911-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Salinity and drought are considered crucial for seed germination, seedling growth, and crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. Seed priming can be an effective solution to improve barley germination and growth, under salinity and drought stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of GA3 seed priming in enhancing germination and growth parameters of Tunisian barley varieties under these stress conditions. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed priming with GA₃, salinity and drought stress on germination of three varieties of Tunisian barley. Before germination, barley seeds were soaked in 100 mM aqueous GA₃ solution for 12 h. Primed and unprimed seeds were germinated in petri dishes and watered with 20 ml of distilled water for the controls and with 20 ml of iso-osmotic solutions of NaCl and PEG 400 at − 0.44 and − 0.92 MPa at two days intervals. Germination percentage and speed, root length and elongation, and tolerance indexes (GSI, TI) were measured to access the germination parameters and to evaluate the effectiveness of priming barley grains with gibberellic acid. Our results indicate that NaCl and PEG affect germination, with the impact becoming more pronounced as the treatment concentration increases. Priming with GA₃ enhances the final germination rate. The stresses caused an increase in germination speed, resulting in a germination delay. The Roho variety appears to be the most tolerant to saline and water stress. Thus, GA₃ priming stands out as an effective technique to sustain crop productivity and support food security amidst increasing salinity and drought challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147938746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phototropin2 LOV1 plays a role in strong light signal transduction leading to chloroplast avoidance response","authors":"Weronika Krzeszowiec,&nbsp;Lilian Nehlin,&nbsp;Nikola Winter,&nbsp;Andreas Bachmair,&nbsp;Sebastian Pintscher,&nbsp;Halina Gabryś","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03904-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03904-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a recent study on the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in seedling and chloroplast development, a ubiquitin variant ubK48R was inducibly expressed in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, (Talloji et al. 2022). In addition to inhibiting proteolysis, its expression during germination caused both defects in chloroplast development and seedling death. This seedling lethality could be suppressed by mutating PHOT2, the gene that encodes the blue light receptor, phototropin2. The aim of this study was to establish how the mutations of phototropins introduced into the Arabidopsis genome to counteract the lethal effect of UbK48R expression affect phototropin-mediated chloroplast responses to blue light. We compared blue-light-controlled chloroplast redistribution in the leaves of several phototropin mutants, in particular in two frameshift mutants and a deletion mutant of PHOT2 with three amino acids deleted in the photosensory LOV1 domain. The deletion mutant showed decreased functionality of the photoreceptor protein, which was manifested in a marked decrease in the chloroplast avoidance response. A comparison of AlphaFold3 predicted structural models for the wild type and mutated PHOT2 proteins revealed that the lack of the three amino acids disrupts interdomain interactions near the deletion site and affects a potential dimerization interface. Our results point to an important function of the PHOT2 LOV1 domain in light signal transduction, which results in chloroplasts avoiding excess light.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11738-026-03904-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147937886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptome analysis provides new insights into the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in Syneilesis aconitifolia","authors":"Jingjing Zhang,&nbsp;Wanying Xie,&nbsp;Tingyu Shan,&nbsp;Jingyao Xu,&nbsp;Xinxin Zhong,&nbsp;Zhiwei Wang,&nbsp;Jinshibo Fan,&nbsp;Jiawen Wu,&nbsp;Yijia Tao","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03906-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03906-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Syneilesis aconitifolia</i> (Bunge) Maxim. is a medicinal food homologous plant with multiple pharmacological properties. Flavonoids are the primary active constituents of <i>S. aconitifolia</i>. Despite the extensive number of chemical and pharmacological studies conducted on the flavonoids of <i>S. aconitifolia</i>, transcriptomic and genomic information for this species is extremely limited. To address this knowledge gap, we sequenced the transcriptomes of the leaves, stems, roots, and rhizomes of <i>S. aconitifolia</i> using the DNBSEQ platform. A total of 191,541 unigenes were obtained, 160,534 of which were annotated in at least one of the seven public databases investigated. High-performance liquid chromatography was employed to detect the contents of daidzin, isoquercitrin, and quercitrin in the different tissues of <i>S</i>. <i>aconitifolia</i>, with the highest concentrations of these substances being found in the leaves. Correlation analysis between gene expression levels and the contents of the three flavonoids indicated that six unigenes were strongly and positively correlated with isoquercitrin and quercitrin contents. The functional characteristics of flavonoid 3’-hydroxylases were investigated using bioinformatics and phylogenetic analysis. A total of 23 transcription factors were found to participate in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis, 18 of which were identified as members of the MYB family. In this work, we identified the genes encoding enzymes that regulate the biosynthesis of flavonoids in <i>S. aconitifolia</i>. This study represents the first report on the transcriptome of <i>S. aconitifolia</i> and lays a foundation for subsequent research on flavonoid biosynthesis in this and related species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147937772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induced antioxidative and pathogenesis-related defenses confer less susceptibility to root-knot nematode infection in basil ecotypes","authors":"Zahra Khosravian,&nbsp;Mehdi Saadati,&nbsp;Majid Pedram,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Atighi,&nbsp;Masoud Shams-Bakhsh","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03905-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03905-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i>) is an edible herb threatened by various pests and diseases. Nematodes are known as one of the constraints on crop production. In this study, the response of 14 ecotypes of basil collected from all over Iran was assessed to root-knot nematode (<i>Meloidogyne incognita</i>) infection. By quantifying the number of galls and nematodes, it was demonstrated that ecotypes Birjand Sabz 11, Birjand Sabz 32 and Mobarakeh were the most susceptible ones to nematode infection while ecotypes Varamin 32, Isfahan 412 and Isfahan 221, were the less susceptible ecotypes in a completely randomized design experimental setup, and according to Tukey’s test at <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05. The less susceptible and most susceptible ecotypes, Varamin 32 and Birjand Sabz 11, respectively, were selected for further investigations. Both less susceptible and susceptible ecotypes failed to stimulate the activity of catalase and peroxidase at 24 h post-inoculation (hpi) in roots. However, less susceptible plants could activate a defense response at 48 hpi and remained active at 72 hpi, whereas the susceptible ecotype failed to mount the defense response. Next to observing the antioxidative changes upon nematode infection, to further survey the plant defense responses in roots, the gene expression analyses using RT-qPCR revealed that at 48 hpi, <i>pathogenesis-related protein 5</i> (<i>PR-5</i>), <i>Thaumatin-like protein</i> (<i>TLP</i>), <i>Ascorbate </i><i> oxidase</i> (<i>AO</i>) and <i>Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase</i> (<i>PAL</i>), substantially increased in the less susceptible ecotype, whereas the susceptible ecotype showed no comparable response. Results demonstrated a significant variation in susceptibility to <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i> among 14 Iranian basil ecotypes, and that differential responses were not linked to geographic origin but rather to distinct antioxidative and molecular defense mechanisms. This study provides new insight into the mechanisms involved in basil defense against the root-knot nematode infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147827009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species-specific variation in photochemical efficiency and photoprotective responses among desert winter ephemerals under high light","authors":"Ahmad Zia","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03900-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03900-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Desert winter ephemerals thrive in arid environments by exploiting brief seasonal windows of favorable conditions. Leaf nitrogen status, pigment composition, gas exchange, chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence quenching, and polyphasic OJIP fluorescence transients were compared in three co-occurring annual forbs, <i>Medicago polymorpha</i>, <i>Malva parviflora</i>, and <i>Sisymbrium irio</i>, growing under natural high light desert conditions. All three species exhibited comparable net CO₂ assimilation rates, water-use efficiency, and photosystem II (PSII) maximum quantum efficiency (F_v/F_m ≈ 0.82), indicating similar functional photochemical capacity under field irradiance. However, <i>M. polymorpha</i> accumulated substantially greater above-ground biomass, exceeding that of the other two species by approximately 141–177%, coinciding with 30–47% higher foliar nitrogen content. Species-specific differences in chlorophyll <i>a</i>/<i>b</i> and carotenoid content indicated differences in light harvesting and photoprotection. OJIP-derived parameters associated with PSII photochemical efficiency (e.g., F_v/F_o, φP_o) and electron transport efficiency (ψ_o, φE_o) were consistently highest in <i>M. polymorpha</i>. This species also exhibited the lowest steady-state non-photochemical quenching while showing the most responsive shift from photochemical energy utilization to thermal dissipation upon exposure to actinic light, without a concomitant rise in sustained photoinhibitory quenching. These responses were accompanied by enhanced energy conservation performance indices: efficiencies associated with excitation energy transfer to intersystem electron acceptors (PI_ABS) were 25–32% higher in <i>M. polymorpha</i>, while those linked to terminal electron acceptor reduction (PI_total) were ~ 50% higher in both <i>M. polymorpha</i> and <i>M. parviflora</i> relative to <i>S. irio</i>. Collectively, these findings demonstrate species-specific differences in PSII energy partitioning and photoprotective responsiveness under high light conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling wheat Ankyrin-repeat proteins: genome-wide insights into evolutionary diversification and UV-B-induced expression dynamics","authors":"Samar G. Thabet,&nbsp;Fatmah Ahmed Safhi,&nbsp;Amr Elkelish,&nbsp;Ahmad M. Alqudah","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03897-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03897-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ankyrin-repeat (ANK) proteins are versatile scaffolds in plants, yet their evolutionary breadth and stress functions remain unclear. We surveyed six reference genomes (wheat, maize, rice, barley, sorghum, Arabidopsis) and catalogued 94 high-confidence ANK genes. Comparative phylogenomics resolved eight clades; maize and wheat show lineage-specific expansions consistent with genome duplication and tandem amplification. Subcellular prediction and GO/InterPro profiling converge on a membrane-centric role enriched for protein-phosphatase binding, supporting a model in which ANKs act as membrane-anchored phosphatase adaptors. Promoter analysis uncovered dense, combinatorial cis-codes dominated by light-responsive motifs and hormone elements (ABRE, JA, SA), with lineage-biased stress modules (e.g., wheat drought MYB, barley cold LTR, rice hypoxia ARE) indicating regulatory rewiring. Wheat transcriptomes partition ANKs into three tiers: a pathogen-inducible clade (≥ 30-fold under stripe rust/powdery mildew), an abiotic-stress cluster (drought/PEG/heat), and constitutive members, evidencing post-duplication subfunctionalisation. The qRT-PCR assay shows that wheat ankyrin genes respond to UV-B in three clear patterns. <i>TaANK23</i>, <i>TaANK32</i>, <i>TaANK39</i> and <i>TaANK49</i> are UV-B inducible, but with distinct timings: <i>TaANK23</i> and <i>TaANK32</i> rise quickly and peak by 12–24 h, <i>TaANK39</i> accumulates steadily throughout the 36 h period, and <i>TaANK49</i> is activated only after 24 h, suggesting early- versus late-phase functions. <i>TaANK29</i> and <i>TaANK42</i> are UV-B repressed, <i>TaANK29</i> strongly and persistently, <i>TaANK42</i> only transiently, implying that some ankyrins are switched off to accommodate the stress response<i>. TaANK37</i> and <i>TaANK48</i> remain unchanged, indicating roles unrelated to UV-B signalling. Overall, these contrasting profiles highlight functional diversification within the wheat ankyrin family, with some members acting as rapid UV-B responders, others as late or negative regulators, and a few remaining constitutively expressed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Static magnetic field mitigates Cadmium uptake and enhances secondary metabolite production in Matricaria chamomilla suspension cultures","authors":"Narges Bijary,&nbsp;Maryam Kolahi,&nbsp;Elham Mohajel Kazemi,&nbsp;Halimeh Hassanpour","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03902-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03902-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> is a well-known medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds. Cadmium (Cd) toxicity, a form of heavy-metal stress, can impede growth and secondary metabolite production. This work examined responses to Cadmium stress (0–10 µM) in chamomile cell-suspension cultures, focusing on total phenolic and flavonoid levels, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, PAL activity, gene expression, and Cadmium accumulation, and also explored the effect of pairing Cadmium with a static magnetic field (SMF, 4 mT for 1 h). Results showed that Cadmium stress increased phenolic and flavonoid contents, an effect amplified by SMF (219.6 and 67.14 µg mg⁻¹ DW at 7.5 µM Cd + SMF). SMF partially restored DPPH radical scavenging capacity of methanol-soluble compounds and limited Cadmium accumulation (181.2 vs. 251.5 µg mg⁻¹ DW at 10 µM). Additionally, SMF enhanced PAL gene expression and activity (0.48 U mg⁻¹ protein), indicating significant activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that Cadmium induced damage to cell walls and organelles, whereas the combination of Cd + SMF partially alleviated these structural damages and reduced cellular Cadmium accumulation. These results suggest that a short SMF exposure can mitigate Cd uptake and stimulate the phenylpropanoid pathway in chamomile cells, offering a simple physical approach to enhance valuable secondary metabolites under metal stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exogenous acetylsalicylic acid on growth and physiological characteristics of Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara under bisphenol a stress","authors":"Qi Liang,&nbsp;Zhen Ke,&nbsp;Zhonghua Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03898-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03898-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous toxicant with endocrine-disrupting properties. Owing to its extensive industrial application, BPA is frequently detected in water environments, posing a phytotoxic threat to aquatic plants. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), a derivative of the natural phenolic compound salicylic acid (SA), has been shown to mimic SA’s role and significantly enhance plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we administered ASA to investigate its role on the <i>Vallisneria natans</i> (Lour.) under 14 days of BPA treatment. The outcomes of BPA exposure manifested that it significantly impeded the growth of <i>V. natans</i>, as reflected by reduced fresh weight and root length. Chlorophyll content of <i>V. natans</i> was also greatly declined. Although the antioxidative enzyme system was modulated in response to BPA stress, the marked accumulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) indicated the induction of severe oxidative damage. Conversely, the addition of ASA alleviated the adverse effects of BPA on <i>V. natans</i> by enhancing its antioxidant capacity, elevating soluble protein content, and reducing levels of TBARS and H₂O₂. This study indicated that the ASA could attenuate the oxidation stress induced by BPA in <i>V. natans</i>, despite the absence of anticipated alterations in chlorophyll contents and leaf numbers. The results will guide the ecological risk assessments of water exposed to BPA as well as the choice of exogenous phytoremediation techniques for aquatic plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147618012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-physiological and proteomic analyses of the defense hormone-mediated salinity stress response in Swietenia macrophylla seedlings","authors":"K. C. Karthik,&nbsp;P. Manju Elizabeth,&nbsp;A. V. Santhoshkumar,&nbsp;Binu N. Kamalolbhavan,&nbsp;Delphy Rocha,&nbsp;P. Y. Yathin","doi":"10.1007/s11738-026-03901-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-026-03901-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Salinity stress is a major abiotic constraint limiting the growth and establishment of tropical forestry species, yet hormone-mediated adaptation in <i>Swietenia macrophylla</i> (mahogany) remains poorly understood. This study evaluated morphometric, physiological, and proteomic responses of mahogany seedlings to salinity and assessed the roles of jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) in stress recovery. Seedlings were exposed to three phases: prestress (80% field capacity), salinity stress (100 mM NaCl, EC ~ 4 dS m⁻¹), and recovery (freshwater leaching with foliar application of 0.6 mM JA or 0.8 mM SA). Salinity stress reduced photosynthetic rate by 58.6%, relative water content by 23%, and chlorophyll a content by 49%, while proline nearly doubled and membrane stability declined by 22%. Hormone treatments alleviated these effects. JA restored ~ 80% of photosynthetic capacity, increased shoot biomass by 127%, and promoted epicormic shoot regeneration, whereas SA enhanced root biomass by 65% and carotenoid content by 31%. Proteomic analysis showed that salinity stress downregulated key photosynthetic proteins, including RuBisCO and DAHP synthase, while upregulating stress-related proteins such as the cation/H⁺ antiporter and calcium-dependent protein kinase. During recovery, JA strongly increased RuBisCO and induced signaling proteins such as calcium-dependent protein kinase and allene oxide synthase, whereas SA showed moderate restoration of photosynthetic proteins and enhanced proteins associated with metabolic and redox processes. These findings indicate that JA primarily promotes photosynthetic recovery and shoot growth, while SA supports root development and cellular stability, highlighting their complementary roles in enhancing salinity tolerance in tropical tree species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}