Acta Physiologiae Plantarum最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic effect of Paclobutrazol and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) control the pod shattering in canola (Brassica napus L.) via physiological interferences: a mechanistic overview","authors":"Habib Ali,&nbsp;Imran Mahmood,&nbsp;Ghulam Qadir,&nbsp;Naveed Iqbal Raja,&nbsp;Fozia Abasi,&nbsp;Mukhtar Ahmed,&nbsp;Muhammad Faizan Ali,&nbsp;Husnain Jawad,&nbsp;Jarosław Proćków","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03664-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03664-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ever-increasing impact of global climate change has profoundly affected crop growth, physiology, and yield characteristics, making them an economic hazard. Canola, a vital crop, is particularly susceptible to environmental challenges at any stage of development, which can have a negative impact on its growth, physiology, and pod formation, ultimately resulting in pod shattering and reduced yield. Canola's rate of return is decreased by mechanical harvesting, which results in pod shattering. The establishment of an abscission layer, triggered by enzymatic and hormonal disruptions, and accompanied by a decline in cell wall stickiness, exacerbates pod shattering. In this context, the potential roles of Paclobutrazol and silver nanoparticles in reinforcing pod strength to withstand shattering. The specific doses of both AgNPs and Paclobutrazol could be done on the aerial parts of plant. These elements facilitate the physiological growth of crops by mitigating the adverse effects of stress on canola, thereby reducing pod shattering and enhancing yield output. This critical review aims to comprehensively explore the physiological, enzymatic, and hormonal-based factors contributing to pod shattering under environmental stresses, while also highlighting the potential mitigation techniques employing Paclobutrazol and silver nanoparticles, to elevate canola yield production. Based on this comprehensive review, it is recommended to organize research experiment to explore the potential of AgNPs and Paclobutrazol in mitigating the pod shattering based yield losses in canola.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140150904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous application of salicylic acid via seed soaking improved growth and photosynthetic efficiency by maintaining stomatal organisation, redox homeostasis, and antioxidant defense system in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)","authors":"Mohd Saleem,&nbsp;Qazi Fariduddin","doi":"10.1007/s11738-023-03639-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-023-03639-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Salicylic acid (SA) is a versatile phenolic plant growth regulator (PGR) which is involved in regulation of several processes of plant growth and development. It confers tolerance against both biotic and abiotic stresses in plants by modulating different morphological and physio-biochemical aspects of plants. Therefore, the present experiment was intended to reveal the impact of SA by seed soaking in <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L. (varieties, S-22 and PKM-1). Seeds of both varieties were soaked in 0, 10⁻⁴, 10⁻⁵ or 10⁻⁶ M of SA for 3, 6 or 9 h, before sowing. The respective treated seeds were sown in nursery beds to create nursery and then seedlings were transplanted at 20 days after sowing (DAS) and at 40 days after transplantation (DAT), various growth, photosynthetic, microscopic, histochemical and biochemical attributes were assessed. It was observed that irrespective of the concentration and duration, treatment with SA through seed soaking had enhanced growth, photosynthesis, improved stomatal width, activity of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)), nitrate reductase (NR), carbonic anhydrase (CA) and greater accumulation of proline than the non-treated plants. Remarkably, SA supplementation reduced the accrual of reactive oxygen species (ROS; H₂O₂ and O₂^•− content) and also decreased the electrolyte leakage (EL). Soaking of seeds with SA improved growth and photosynthesis by regulating stomatal organisation, ROS levels and antioxidant enzymes. Among two dissimilar varieties of tomato and three different concentrations of SA, seed soaking of S-22 variety with 10⁻⁵ M for 6 h showed significant increase in growth and photosynthesis than PKM-1 variety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140097502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warmer nights predominantly alter yield and biomass in wheat experiencing heat waves at the terminal growth stage","authors":"Sayanta Kundu,&nbsp;Ganesh Parmeshwar Padile,&nbsp;Brahmputra Meena,&nbsp;Sudeshna Das,&nbsp;Satish K. Singh,&nbsp;Rajeev Nayan Bahuguna","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03670-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03670-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heat waves at the regional level could be devastating if they coincide with the sensitive growth stage of the crop. The sensitivity of wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) to heat stress is a major constraint limiting wheat production. Nevertheless, there are limited field studies where the impact of heat waves has been systematically studied and quantified. We phenotyped a mini panel of thirty diverse wheat genotypes under optimum and low planting densities. Staggered sowing was done to expose the late-sown genotypes to a higher temperature at the terminal growth stage. Heat wave occurred during March–April, 2022, resulting in late sown genotypes being exposed to a staggering 6.6 °C/4 °C higher day/night temperature during flowering and early grain filling stage, as compared to normal sown genotypes. Heat stress caused significant loss in biomass (34.46%), grains spike⁻¹ (22.34%), test weight (15.52%), and grain yield (28.67%) in late-sown genotypes as compared to normal-sown genotypes. Conversely, genotypes grown under low planting density showed substantial variations in growth parameters including plant height, tillering, thicker leaves, and canopy cover. Interestingly, genotypes with denser canopy and thicker leaves could avoid high day temperature-induced losses by maintaining lower canopy and spike temperatures, which eventually resulted in higher grains spike⁻¹. However, the impact of higher night temperature on biomass and seed weight was not affected by denser canopy and lower spike temperature. Hence, yield loss was majorly confined to high night temperature. The study suggests that higher night temperature could be a major determinant of yield under naturally occurring heat waves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140046706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"α-Tocopherol mediates alleviation of salt stress effects in Glycine max through up-regulation of the antioxidant defense system and secondary metabolites","authors":"Hanan A. A. Taie,&nbsp;Mostafa M. Rady","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03654-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03654-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>α-Tocopherol (αT) has been reported to overcome the adverse effects of many environmental stresses, including salinity. A pot experiment was performed to investigate the response of salt-stressed soybean plants to the foliar application using 50, 100, or 200 mg αT L^–1. The stress was applied by irrigation with three different dilutions of seawater [e.g., EC = 0.23 (tap water as a control), 3.13, or 6.25 dS m^–1]. The gradual increase in salinity level gradually increased net carbon dioxide (CO₂) assimilation, relative growth rate, antioxidant capacity, secondary metabolites (total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins), enzymatic activities, and DNA fragmentation due to the gradual increase in lipid peroxidation as a result of an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). On the contrary, yield components (number and weight of seeds plant^–1) and photosynthetic pigment (total chlorophyll and carotenoids) contents gradually decreased with increasing salinity level. However, leaf treatment with αT, especially at 200 mg αT L^‒1, preserved the highest antioxidant activities (antioxidant capacity, secondary metabolites, and enzymes), which were associated with the preservation of soybean yield and leaf pigments. These positive results occurred due to the reduction in lipid peroxidation as a result of a significant decrease in the level of H₂O₂. Therefore, our results recommend the use of 200 mg αT L^–1 as a commercial formula for soybeans grown under saline irrigation of no more than 6.25 dS m^–1.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11738-024-03654-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140046621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytohormones mediated antifungal resistance against Fusarium oxysporum","authors":"Lucky Duhan,&nbsp;Raman Manoharlal,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar,&nbsp;Deepika Kumari,&nbsp;Mamta Saini,&nbsp;G. V. S. Saiprasad,&nbsp;Anil K. Chhillar,&nbsp;Ritu Pasrija","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03659-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03659-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to evaluate the in vitro as well as in vivo antifungal activities of different phytohormones (PHs) against the hemibiotroph fungus, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> using black gram [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.) Hepper] as a model system<i>.</i> The potential antifungal activities were tested using PHs viz<i>.</i> salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), melatonin (MT), brassinolide (BL), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid₃ (GA₃), ethephon (ET), and abscisic acid (ABA), by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum effective concentration (MEC) end point in a microtiter plate-based assay. The results suggested significant antifungal activity for all the tested PHs, wherein SA and MeJA showed potency even at the lowest concentration tested, with corresponding MIC₉₀ values of 0.312 mM and 0.625 mM, respectively. Likewise, a similar MEC profile was also observed for both SA and MeJA, with a corresponding value of 0.078 mM and 0.312 mM, respectively. The microtiter results were corroborated using spore germination and mycelial susceptibility assays. The in vivo antifungal efficacy of PHs was assessed by recording the germination characteristics in SA and MeJA-primed <i>V. mungo</i> seeds that were already exposed to <i>F. oxysporum</i> spores. The PHs-primed seeds displayed a characteristic longer seedling length and higher seed vigor index (SVI), in concomitant with relative enhanced ROS-scavenging activity. The priming of <i>V. mungo</i> seeds with SA and MeJA seems to induce a defense mechanism against <i>F. oxysporum</i> infection, which also improved its germination characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140046710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microtubules assembly inhibitors in combination with PPO, ACCase and ALS inhibitors herbicides for the management of multiple herbicide-resistant Phalaris minor in wheat under Indo-Gangetic Plains: a threat to sustainable wheat production","authors":"Sushil Kumar,&nbsp;R. S. Dadarwal,&nbsp;Todar Mal,&nbsp; Akshit,&nbsp;Priyanka Devi,&nbsp;Pardeep Kumar,&nbsp;Bhupesh Dhaka","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03661-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03661-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Field experiments were carried out during <i>Rabi</i> season 2020–21 and 2021–22 at Agronomy Research Farm, CCS HAU, Hisar, for the management of multiple herbicide-resistant <i>Phalaris minor</i> in wheat. Experiment was performed using randomized block design and replicated thrice with a total number of 15 treatment consisting of different combination of pre (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides. Herbicides selected in this study have different modes of action, i.e. clodinafop and pinoxaden are acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors, sulfosulfuron, mesosulfuron, iodosulfuron and metsulfuron belongs to acetolactate synthase (ALS)/Acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHS) inhibitor group, pendimethalin and pyraxosulfone inhibits the microtubule assembly and long chain fatty acids synthesis, respectively, while metribuzin is Photosystem-II (PS-II) inhibitor and flumioxazin is from protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor group. Among different treatments, application of flumioxazin + pendimethalin <i>fb</i> clodinafop propargyl + metribuzin (RM) resulted in significantly lower density and dry weight of <i>P. minor</i> and broadleaved weeds and maximum weed control efficiency at 60 DAS. It was statistically comparable to application of flumioxazin, flumioxazin + pendimethalin, pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin <i>fb</i> mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (RM), or pinoxaden + metsulfuron (TM) or clodinafop propargyl + metribuzin. Sequential application of pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin (TM) <i>fb</i> mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (RM) resulted in significantly higher grain yield (5847 and 5369 kg/ha) when compared to rest of the treatments. It was statistically comparable to PRE pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin (TM) <i>fb</i> POST pinoxaden + metsulfuron (TM) or clodinafop propargyl + metribuzin (RM). In conclusion, pre-emergence application of pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin (TM) followed by post-emergence application of either mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (RM), pinoxaden + metsulfuron (TM) or clodinafop propargyl + metribuzin resulted in better control of resistant <i>P. minor</i> and broadleaved weeds along with higher grain yield.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140046617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of copper sulfate (CuSO4) and copper tetraamine sulfate complex ([Cu(NH3)4]SO4) on Cu-enzyme activities, Cu and Fe levels, and lignin deposition in Cu-deficient tobacco (Nicotiana rustica) plants","authors":"Sara Bahrami-Rad,&nbsp;Roghieh Hajiboland","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03669-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03669-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Knowledge of the effect of different copper (Cu) chemical forms and their application mode on meeting the plant’s Cu requirement is much more limited than that of other micronutrients. In this work, hydroponically-grown tobacco (<i>Nicotiana rustica</i> L<i>.</i>) plants were pre-cultured for thirty days under Cu-sufficient and Cu-deficient conditions, then the Cu-deficient plants were resupplied with 0.5 µM CuSO₄ (CuSu) or Cu tetraamine sulfate complex ([Cu(NH₃)₄]SO₄) (CuAm) through roots or leaves. The biomass of plants was resumed almost equally by both chemical forms of Cu. Cu’s leaf and root concentrations exhibited a more pronounced response to CuSu application. In contrast, the restoration of the activities of Cu-containing enzymes (superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, diamine oxidase) was either similar to or, in some cases, even higher when CuAm was applied. The leaf iron concentration was also diminished under Cu starvation and increased by Cu resupply more effectively by CuAm. The activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase, phenolics accumulation, and lignin deposition was significantly influenced by Cu deficiency and resupply. Foliar-applied CuAm and root-applied CuSu were the most effective treatments for the resumption of lignin concentration. Results showed efficient re-translocation of foliar-applied Cu. However, the activity of defense enzymes and lignin content suggests that foliar spraying likely induced mechanical stress in the leaves. Furthermore, the effect of the accompanying ion (NH₄⁺) was likely the mechanism for the superior effect of CuAm in the induction of structural strength through lignin deposition and improvement of Fe uptake in plants compared with CuSu.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139979371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell division and dynamics in global DNA methylation associated with radicle protrusion in Trichocline catharinensis seeds (Asteraceae)","authors":"Ana P. Lando,&nbsp;Daniela Goeten,&nbsp;W. G. Viana,&nbsp;Yohan Fritsche,&nbsp;Miguel P. Guerra,&nbsp;N. Steiner","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03663-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03663-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Considering that Asteraceae is an important plant family, we have identified a valuable opportunity to study seed germination a wild species of this family, <i>Trichocline catharinensis</i>. Seed germination involves many factors for a transition from low-energy metabolism to a growing seedling. Our understanding of changes of DNA methylation, chromatin structure, and cell cycle activity prior to root protrusion are more limited. Our study allows observed these changes, in the three stages of germination, when it is the promoted by gibberellic acid (GA), or fluridone (FLU) inhibitor of ABA synthesis, or when the process is not succeeded by paclobutrazol (PAC) inhibitor of GA synthesis. Ultrastructural analysis showed cell vacuolization in the hypocotyl-radicle axis by the transformation of protein storage vacuoles to vacuoles, which occurred prior to the initiation of cell elongation. Compacted chromatin in electron-dense regions (heterochromatin) was observed in the mature seeds, becoming loosened during germination in regions of euchromatin. It was identified cells with replicated 4C DNA content (G2 phase of cell cycle) before radicle protrusion, when the reduction of global DNA methylation (GDM) occurs, and DNA replication is possibly initiated. These observations suggest, cell division activation has been to precede radicle protrusion, initiated between phases I and II. When germination is inhibited by PAC, the levels of GDM decreased dramatically in phase III. The results provide information which are necessary for agronomically important practices, such as seed priming. Furthermore, raise to a biological groundwork for future studies looking for use and conservation of biodiversity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139979355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus subtilis strain BS87 as a biocontrol agent against spot blotch disease: effect on growth, nutrient status, and antioxidant enzymes in wheat","authors":"Priyanka Chandra,&nbsp;Rinki Khobra,&nbsp;Parul Sundha,&nbsp;Amaresh Chandra,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Gyanendra Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03657-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03657-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Bacillus</i> spp. being rhizospheric bacteria has the potential to provide protection from biotic stresses and also to enhance plant growth. The present study was carried out on bacterial isolate, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain <i>BS87</i> which has the potential to inhibit several phytopathogens (<i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>Fusarium</i> spp., <i>Aspergillus niger</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i> sp., <i>Penicillium</i> sp. and, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>) in vitro and is also able to secrete cell-wall-degrading enzymes including protease and chitinase. Isolate <i>BS87</i>, also exhibited several plant growth-promoting traits, such as nutrient solubilization, siderophore, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production. Hence, a pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of bacterial isolate on plant growth and spot blotch disease in wheat. Results demonstrated that <i>BS87</i> significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) enhanced plant growth and yield in wheat. Chlorophyll content was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) improved when treated with <i>BS87</i>. The spot blotch disease was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) inhibited in wheat by isolate <i>BS87</i>. Lower levels of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in the plants infected with spot blotch were observed in bacterial-treated plants. <i>BS87</i> also significantly reduces malondialdehyde and proline contents in diseased plants. <i>BS87</i> could successfully colonize and persist in the wheat rhizosphere, providing an advantage to the host plant. Therefore, the study suggested that <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain <i>BS87</i> may be used as an effective bioinoculant, enhancing plant growth and controlling spot blotch disease in wheat caused by <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139979051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of light intensity on the accumulation of protostane triterpenes in Asian water plantain (Alisma orientale)","authors":"Wenqing Wu,&nbsp;Simeng Li,&nbsp;Wei Gu,&nbsp;Rong Tian,&nbsp;Man Luo,&nbsp;Junjie Tang,&nbsp;Min Tang,&nbsp;Yinzhi Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03668-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11738-024-03668-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alismatis rhizoma is an essential medicine in clinical practice. Asian water plantain (<i>Alisma orientale</i> (Sam.) Juzep) is one of the original plants of Alismatis rhizoma. Previous studies have identified the optimal light intensity range for the growth and development of <i>A. orientale</i>, but the mechanism by which light intensity affects the accumulation of secondary metabolites of <i>A. orientale</i> is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of light intensity on the accumulation of triterpenoids in <i>A. orientale</i> saplings and its potential molecular mechanism. The dry weight and contents of total triterpenes and indicative components (alisol B 23-acetate and alisol C 23-acetate) as well as the expression of key enzyme genes in the triterpene biosynthesis pathway under different light intensities (50–600 μmol m⁻²·s⁻¹) were determined. The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter and the contents of total triterpenes, alisol B 23-acetate, and alisol C 23-acetate increase first and then decrease with increasing light intensity, with the maximum values of 31.65 g, 18.35 mg·g⁻¹, 1.91 mg·g⁻¹, and 0.13 mg·g⁻¹ recorded at light intensities of 400, 200, and both of 300 μmol m⁻²·s⁻¹, respectively. Light intensities of 200–400 μmol m⁻²·s⁻¹ promote the expressions of key enzyme genes and the accumulation of total triterpenes significantly. Correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of key enzyme genes are significantly correlated with total triterpene and indicative component contents, and these correlations are strongest under moderate light intensities. Overall, our results reveal that a moderate light intensity of 200–400 μmol m⁻²·s⁻¹ is beneficial for the growth and synthesis of protostane triterpenes in <i>A. orientale</i> seedlings, and that its probable mechanism involves the upregulated expression of enzymes that are key in the synthesis of triterpenoid ingredients. This study clarified the suitable light intensity range for the synthesis and accumulation of protostane triterpenes of <i>A. orientale</i>, which provided scientific basis for the production of high-quality superior forms of <i>A. orientale</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"46 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139979359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}