Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy最新文献

{"title":"Elucidating oxygen reduction reaction over the full-pH range: a synthesis-active sites-performance trilogy of Fe–Nx–Cs","authors":"Giovanni Zuccante,&nbsp;Valerio C. A. Ficca,&nbsp;Alessio Cosenza,&nbsp;Sofia Faina,&nbsp;Massimiliano D’Arienzo,&nbsp;Maurizio Acciarri,&nbsp;Plamen Atanassov,&nbsp;Carlo Santoro,&nbsp;Mohsin Muhyuddin","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00332-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00332-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Iron–nitrogen–carbons (Fe–N_x–Cs) are among the most studied platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, detailed and comprehensive studies of ORR activity and selectivity along the whole pH range, considering the possible influence of morphology and surface chemistry, are currently lacking in the literature. Herein, four Fe–N_x–Cs electrocatalysts synthesized with different methodologies and displaying different morphological and physicochemical features were tested for ORR with a rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) in the whole pH range. The trends of onset potential (E_on), half-wave potential (E_1/2), peroxide yield, number of transferred electrons (n), charge transfer coefficient (α) and logarithm of kinetic current densities (logJ_k) along the pH scale were reported. Among the electrocatalysts, both unique behaviors and common electrochemical trends were identified, each characterized by varying rates of change. The occurrence of Fe agglomeration, the surface area and chemistry were found to influence the trends of these physicochemical quantities, giving rise to differences among the tested electrocatalysts. Therefore, the study concluded that the ORR electrocatalysts investigated possess different morphological and physicochemical properties developed during the distinct synthesis processes. Although similar electrochemical activity patterns were exhibited by the samples under analysis, differences in the rate of variations within such trends were noticed, signifying modulations in the reaction kinetics or mechanistic pathways due to contrasting morphological and physicochemical characteristics. This can eventually suggest the possibility of selecting an appropriate electrocatalyst for operating at a specific pH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00332-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on energy storage materials & technologies: applications of nanofabrication techniques for enhanced performance and efficiency","authors":"Asmare Tezera Admase,&nbsp;Ejigayehu Desalegn Asrade,&nbsp;Solomon Workneh Fanta","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00329-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00329-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Energy storage technologies have become increasingly essential in addressing the global transition toward renewable energy systems. The rapid global shift toward renewable energy has made efficient and reliable energy storage technologies (ESTs) essential for addressing the intermittency of solar, wind, and other clean energy sources. Recent research highlights significant advancements in battery chemistries, supercapacitors, hydrogen storage, and thermal energy systems; however, persistent challenges such as high manufacturing costs, limited cycle life, low energy density, and environmental impacts continue to hinder large-scale implementation. Despite the growing number of studies, there is a lack of integrated knowledge that systematically maps recent trends, material innovations, and application specific challenges. This review aims to bridge that gap by comprehensively analyzing advancements in energy storage technologies over the past decade, evaluating key performance indicators such as energy and power density, efficiency, and lifecycle sustainability. By synthesizing findings from peer-reviewed literatures this study identifies critical barriers and emerging strategies such as nanostructured materials, hybrid systems, and circular economy approaches that could redefine future energy storage landscapes. The conclusions underscore the urgent need for interdisciplinary research, material optimization, and cost-effective designs to accelerate the development and deployment of next-generation storage technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00329-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinspired materials for radiative cooling by biomimetic mineralization","authors":"Tzer-Min Lee,&nbsp;Chih-Ling Huang","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00331-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00331-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Radiative cooling transfers thermal energy to outer space through the mid-infrared spectrum. Silica glass microspheres can create high-emissivity metamaterials. This study prepared mesoporous and silica-based bioglass particles due to strong phonon-polariton resonances of silica and used a biomimetic mineralization process to form calcium carbonate and hydroxyapatite nanoscale structures. These structures scatter and reflect sunlight effectively. Polyvinyl alcohol substrate, with infrared molecular vibration characteristics, formed an interpenetrating polymer network with micro/nano hierarchical structure powders for daytime passive radiation cooling. Characterization of biomimetic mineral coatings included: microstructures observation by field-emission scanning electron microscopy; phase identification by X-ray diffraction; Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area and pore size distribution measurement; solar reflectivity and infrared absorption measurement. Taguchi method is an experimental planning method that can handle multiple variables and levels at the same time. The optimized condition level based on Taguchi method can be evaluated as: particle size of 2 μm, mineral period of 3 days, mineral concentration of 50%, and powder concentration of 30%. The radiative cooling performance test outdoors results show that the biomimetic mineralized bioglass coating can reach a maximum temperature reduction of 27.4 °C compared to 304 stainless steel plate at noon by radiation cooling. Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system was also used to construct an artificial intelligence model to predict the biomimetic mineralized material optimize radiation cooling and applicability. If the local weather conditions are provided, the radiation cooling performance of the product can be predicted. This study showed bio-inspired materials for radiative cooling by biomimetic mineralization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00331-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as a promising transition metal chalcogenide for supercapacitor electrodes: a comprehensive review","authors":"Mohammad Bagher Askari,&nbsp;Parisa Salarizadeh","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00326-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00326-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) have emerged as promising materials for energy storage applications, particularly in supercapacitors, due to their unique electrochemical properties. Among these, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has garnered significant attention owing to its layered structure, high surface area, and tunable bandgap. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of MoS₂ as a key material in supercapacitor technology, focusing on its synthesis methods, structural properties, and electrochemical performance. The discussion highlights the role of MoS₂’s morphology, phase engineering, and composite formation in enhancing capacitance, energy density, and cycling stability. Furthermore, the challenges associated with MoS₂-based supercapacitors, such as low electrical conductivity and restacking issues, are addressed, along with potential strategies to overcome these limitations. The review also explores recent advancements in MoS₂-based hybrid materials and their integration with conductive substrates or other nanomaterials to improve overall device performance. By summarizing the current state of research and prospects, this review underscores the potential of MoS₂ as a versatile and efficient electrode material for supercapacitors, contributing to the development of sustainable energy storage systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00326-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145145196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified high hardness steel coating for biomass corrosion protection","authors":"Alina Agüero,&nbsp;Marcos Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Pauline Audigié,&nbsp;Sergio Rodríguez,&nbsp;Jon Pascual","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00330-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00330-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biomass is a renewable and CO₂-neutral energy source. However, the efficiency of biomass combustion plants remains lower than that of current fossil fuel-based systems. To minimize corrosion from aggressive species found in biomass combustion, these plants currently operate at a maximum temperature of 550 °C. The European project BELENUS explored new materials and coatings to raise the operating temperature to 600 °C, thereby improving plant efficiency. Among the coatings under investigation, a super high-hardness steel (SHS) modified with Al, applied by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray on ferritic steel SVM12, has demonstrated an improved performance in the laboratory, exposed to a model biomass environment containing KCl deposits for 8000 h at 600 °C. Microstructural analysis by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction was conducted on the tested samples to examine the coating’s evolution in these environments, as well as the associated protection and degradation mechanisms. The presence of Al within the coating significantly enhanced its resistance to biomass corrosion when compared to uncoated SVM12 and the Al-free SHS coating. Possible reasons for the improved behaviour of the Al-modified coating are the reduction of porosity as well as the blocking effect of either intermetallic FeAl or Al oxide which forms at the splat boundaries prior to exposure to the corrosive atmosphere.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00330-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on components and design variables in electrochemical hydrogen compressor: an analytical review","authors":"G. Marín Sansores,&nbsp;J. Ledesma García,&nbsp;L. G. Arriaga,&nbsp;J. C. Cruz,&nbsp;M. P. Gurrola","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00323-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00323-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global challenge of reducing greenhouse gas emissions has driven the development of clean energy technologies, with hydrogen emerging as a key vector for decarbonization. However, its low volumetric density poses significant challenges for efficient compression and storage. In this context, electrochemical hydrogen compressors (EHCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional mechanical systems, offering high energy efficiency, operation without movement of parts, and simultaneous purification capabilities. This review explores the operational principles of EHCs and provides a detailed analysis of their critical components, with particular emphasis on the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA), including polymer membranes and electrocatalysts. The most relevant advances between 2020 and 2025 are systematized, comparing structural properties, electrochemical performance, and novel materials efficiency. Among the key findings, it is highlighted that thin and reinforced membranes enhance energy performance, while bimetallic or non-noble catalysts offer viable solutions to the high cost of platinum. This analysis identifies emerging technological trends and provides clear guidelines for the design of more efficient, durable, and scalable EHC systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00323-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative sulfonated chitosan membranes: bridging the gap in fuel cell technology","authors":"Sara G. Abd-elnaeem,&nbsp;Azza I. Hafez,&nbsp;Kamel M. El-khatib,&nbsp;Heba Abdallah,&nbsp;M. K. Fouad,&nbsp;E. F. Abadir","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00327-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00327-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chitosan, a natural polymer, is gaining attention for its low cost, hydrophilicity, and environmental benefits, making it a promising material for polyelectrolyte membranes (PEMs) in fuel cells (FCs). In this study, four membranes were fabricated using sulfonated chitosan combined with three sulfonated nanoparticles: sulfonated titanium dioxide (STiO₂), sulfonated silicon dioxide (SSiO₂), and sulfonated carbon nanotubes (SCNT) in varying ratios. The optimal membrane was prepared using a specific ratio of these components, cross-linked with 0.5% glutaraldehyde. While the electrochemical performance improved with increasing nanoparticle ratios, excessive nanoparticle content led to diminished results. The optimal membrane demonstrated excellent stability at 50 °C, achieving a maximum power density of 90 mW/cm² at 280 mA/cm² and a low cell resistance of 5.1 Ω cm². Compared to the chitosan (CS)-based membranes in the literature, the optimal membrane exhibited superior ion exchange capacity, proton conductivity, mechanical stability, and lower water uptake, highlighting its potential as a sustainable and high-performance proton exchange membrane in fuel cell applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00327-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in electrocatalytic technologies for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells: enhancing efficiency and durability for biofuel-powered mobility applications","authors":"Ganesan Subbiah,&nbsp;Sasmeeta Tripathy,&nbsp;J. Guntaj,&nbsp;Nandagopal Kaliappan,&nbsp;Beemkumar Nagappan,&nbsp;Devanshu J. Patel,&nbsp;Priya K. Kamakshi","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00322-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00322-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review critically evaluates recent advancements in electrocatalytic technologies aimed at enhancing the efficiency of metal-supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) for biofuel-powered mobility applications. The study aims to elucidate the impact of these innovations on the performance, durability, and stability of SOFCs in transportation and portable energy systems. By integrating experimental findings, computational simulations, and practical applications, this work highlights the pivotal role of advanced electrocatalysts in optimizing SOFC functionality. Key developments, such as the incorporation of perovskite-based materials and exsolved nanoparticle catalysts, have demonstrated remarkable improvements in electrochemical performance and operational longevity. Specifically, lanthanum-strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF)-based cathodes demonstrated a 30% increase in power output and a 25% enhancement in long-term stability under biofuel operating conditions. Furthermore, computational modeling has played a crucial role in refining catalyst designs, achieving a 45% reduction in degradation rates. These advancements underscore the potential of biofuel-driven SOFCs as a sustainable energy solution for transportation. However, future research must address challenges related to scalability, cost-effectiveness, and economic competitiveness to fully realize their practical implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00322-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the pathways, limitations, and perspectives of plastic waste recycling","authors":"Hayder A. Alrazen,&nbsp;Saiied M. Aminossadati,&nbsp;Hussein A. Mahmood,&nbsp;Ahmed Kadhim Hussein,&nbsp;Kamarul Arifin Ahmad,&nbsp;Sharul Sham Dol,&nbsp;Sattar Jabbar,&nbsp;Sattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim,&nbsp;Muxina Konarova,&nbsp;I. M. R. Fattah","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00328-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00328-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The valorisation of plastic waste through diverse recycling technologies offers a strategic response to the escalating global plastic crisis, combining waste reduction with resource and energy recovery. This review critically examines both conventional and emerging methods—including mechanical recycling, incineration for energy recovery, pyrolysis, gasification, hydrogenation, hydrocracking, and solvent-based treatments—focusing on their technical efficacy, environmental footprint, and economic feasibility. Mechanical recycling remains the most widely adopted method, involving collection, sorting, grinding, washing, drying, and granulation processes. However, challenges such as polymer degradation, contamination, and incompatibility among mixed plastics limit the quality and applicability of recycled products. Advanced sorting technologies, including Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and electrostatic separation, are increasingly employed to enhance recycling outcomes. Incineration provides energy in the form of electricity, heat, or steam while significantly reducing waste volume, yet it raises environmental concerns due to the release of toxic gases and particulates. Chemical recycling emerges as a critical pillar of the circular plastic economy, enabling the breakdown of polymers into valuable chemical feedstocks. Techniques such as pyrolysis, gasification, and hydrocracking produce valuable by-products, including char, syngas, and bio-oil. The review underscores the potential of integrating incineration with carbon capture technologies to mitigate emissions and improve sustainability. It advocates for region-specific strategies supported by comprehensive techno-economic and environmental assessments. This work provides a comparative framework to inform the selection of recycling technologies, guide policy development, and identify research priorities in advancing plastic waste valorisation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00328-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of pulsed waveform parameters on the microstructure and electrochemical corrosion resistance of electrodeposited Ni–Sn alloy coatings","authors":"Atefeh Heidarian,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammad Mousavi Khoei","doi":"10.1007/s40243-025-00317-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40243-025-00317-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study systematically compares the microstructural characteristics, surface morphology, and corrosion resistance of Ni-Sn alloy coatings electrodeposited using direct current (DC) and pulse current (PC) methods. The influence of waveform geometry – including triangular, rectangular, sinusoidal, and ramp configurations – on coating properties was comprehensively characterized through microhardness testing, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses. These techniques respectively evaluated the mechanical properties, phase composition, morphological features, and electrochemical corrosion behavior of the deposited coatings. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the coatings consisted predominantly of the Ni₃Sn₂ intermetallic phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination demonstrated that the Ni-Sn coating deposited using PC current exhibited superior surface uniformity but lower density compared to the direct current (DC) deposited coating. Microhardness measurements showed an increase from 238 HV (DC) to 297 HV for the ramp-wave PC coating. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed substantial improvements in charge transfer resistance (Rct), with PC-deposited coatings showing increases of 1570% (ramp), 554% (sinusoidal), 324% (triangular), and 83% (rectangular) relative to DC coatings. Correspondingly, potentiodynamic polarization measurements demonstrated that the corrosion current density (icorr) was reduced by factors of 14.5 (ramp), 3.2 (sinusoidal), and 2.9 (triangular) compared to the DC-deposited coating. Ultimately, PC plating yielded Ni-Sn alloys with improved corrosion resistance across all waveforms (ramp, sinusoidal, triangular, DC). This suggests promise for these advanced coatings in microelectronics and energy storage.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":692,"journal":{"name":"Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40243-025-00317-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}