世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)最新文献

{"title":"Body mass index and gastrointestinal inflammation: Bio-molecular pathophysiology.","authors":"Roberto Anaya-Prado, Andrea M Murrieta-Verduzco, Ivanna R Peña-Mascorro, Anna C Portillo-Valles, Alejandro Calderon-Velazquez, Hector Lopez-Hernandez, Dalia G Monge-Rosales, Jose L Montes de Oca-Martinez, Christopher E Castellanos-Garcia, Gustavo Servin-Romero, Roberto Anaya-Fernández, Ana P Cardenas-Fregoso, Michelle M Anaya-Fernández, Consuelo C Azcona-Ramirez, Cynthia N Heredia-Garcia","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.120474","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.120474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overweight is recognized as a worldwide healthcare problem. Obesity has increased in recent decades and has been considered a risk factor for many gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Recent scientific evidence has documented the association between being overweight and GI manifestations. Body mass index (BMI) is a simple, globally used anthropometric measure, but its role in GI inflammation remains incompletely elucidated and can be challenging to study. Current knowledge suggests that higher BMI is linked to a chronic low-grade pro-inflammatory state (\"metainflammation\") and several GI-relevant processes. Obesity-related dietary patterns and \"fat quality\" can alter mucosal immune triggering and local inflammatory cell profiles. Increased BMI is often associated with functional GI symptoms, especially gastroesophageal reflux, likely supported by delayed oesophageal clearance, altered motility, and increased intragastric pressure. Furthermore, intestinal barrier dysfunction with dysbiosis can increase permeability and facilitate the translocation of microbial products. Metabolic endotoxemia and inflammatory pathways are triggered, including TLR4/NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Accordingly, systemic and intestinal inflammation are developed and maintained. These mechanisms also interact with adipose tissue immune-endocrine dysregulation (increased tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, leptin, and reduced adiponectin) and macrophage cytokine amplification, potentially affecting multiple digestive organs. Although BMI does not record fat distribution or cardiometabolic status, it can still provide clinically useful risk stratification data when interpreted alongside metabolic and functional markers. This mini-review summarizes evidence on BMI and GI inflammatory vulnerability, focusing on biomolecular pathophysiology and the main mechanisms that could explain this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 2","pages":"120474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appendix in ulcerative colitis pathogenesis and therapy: An updated narrative review.","authors":"Omar AbdelGhani, Sherreen Elhariri, Payal Bhatnagar, Htar Htar Aung, Mohamed Abdel Wahab, Nabil Eid","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i2.122072","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i2.122072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon. Its pathogenesis has been linked to chronic intestinal inflammation stemming from genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, changes in gut microbiome, and various environmental factors. There is emerging evidence for autophagy dysfunction in the UC setting, suggesting a compromise of the intestinal epithelial barrier and microbial clearance in patients, resulting in chronic activation of the immune system. There is growing evidence that the appendix functions as a critical priming site for UC. Dysregulation of various lymphocyte subsets, dysbiosis, propagation of inflammation into the colon, as well as autophagy dysfunction, have been listed as contributing to this early appendiceal priming phase. While initially thought of as a vestigial organ, current evidence points towards the appendix as an active immunological and microbial hub. Epidemiological data demonstrate an inverse association between early appendectomy and UC risk, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic strategy. According to recent ACCURE (2025) and COSTA (2026) clinical trials, improved remission outcomes were observed post-appendectomy in selected patients, particularly in patients unresponsive to biologic therapy. Together, the evidence positions appendectomy as a legitimate adjunctive treatment option for UC, warranting further mechanistic and clinical investigation. In this narrative review, current evidence on the pathogenesis and risk factors of UC are summarized, including the emerging role of the appendix and the therapeutic potential of appendectomy in UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 2","pages":"122072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occult constipation masking as irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea in Bangladeshi children.","authors":"Md Benzamin, Md Ziaur Rahman Chowdhury, Pranto Chakroborty, Akhlaq Ahmed, Tuhin Barua Tamal, Aparajita Chowdhury, Abu Sayed Mohammad Bazlul Karim","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i2.121705","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i2.121705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occult constipation (OC) is defined by the absence of classical symptoms of constipation on initial clinical history, despite objective evidence of fecal retention, such as the presence of hard stool on digital rectal examination or fecal impaction identified on plain abdominal radiography. It is frequently undiagnosed in children and presents with a diverse array of symptoms, such as abdominal pain and frequent defecation with mucoid feces. These symptoms are strikingly similar to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with diarrhea (IBS-D).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To verify the hypothesis that OC may present with the features of IBS-D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective observational study that involves consecutive children who were referred to our center as primarily diagnosed with IBS-D (consistent with Rome IV criteria) by another physician and did not improve after at least three months of treatment. Patients presenting with red-flag symptoms suggestive of organic disease were excluded from the study. Patients who exhibited fecal impaction on a plain abdominal radiograph were diagnosed as OC and were administered magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia; 400 mg/5 mL) for a period of two months, with a progressive taper over the course of one month. Outcomes were assessed based on changes in pain intensity, frequency, and stool characteristics after the commencement of treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 54 patients who were diagnosed with IBS-D by other consultants and were unresponsive to treatment. Of these patients, 49 (91%) had OC mimicking IBS-D. After commencing treatment for OC, 46 (94%) of the 49 patients demonstrated a positive clinical response (44 good, 2 satisfactory).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children presenting with IBS-D related symptoms who are unresponsive to standard therapy may benefit from evaluation for OC before considering escalation to more invasive investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 2","pages":"121705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and predictors of fructose malabsorption in patients with functional abdominal pain syndrome: A case-control study.","authors":"Mayank Agarwal, Venkatesh Vaithiyam, Ravi Teja Reddy, Payila Satya Raghava Aneesh, Prisha Paliwal, Sahil Rahul Jain, Ashok Dalal, Ajay Kumar, Amarender Singh Puri, Sanjeev Sachdeva","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.113971","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.113971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS) is a subset of functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic recurrent abdominal pain condition that is not attributable to structural, organic, or metabolic diseases. The etiology and pathophysiology of FAPS remain poorly understood; however, brain-gut interactions and food intolerance, particularly to fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols, have been implicated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the frequency of fructose malabsorption (FM) in patients with FAPS and to evaluate the occurrence of resultant symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, case-control study conducted over 22 months, from December 2016 to September 2018, at the Department of Gastroenterology, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India. In this study, 61 patients with FAPS and 31 healthy controls underwent fructose hydrogen breath testing (FHBT) after excluding small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FM was detected in 26% of patients with FAPS <i>vs</i> 3% of controls (<i>P</i> = 0.009). Symptoms during the FHBT were significantly more prevalent in patients with FAPS (39.3%) than in the controls (12.9%) (<i>P</i> = 0.009). Among patients with FAPS, those with positive FHBT results had a higher prevalence of symptoms (62.5%) than those with negative results (31%) (<i>P</i> = 0.03). Multivariate analysis identified younger age (<i>P</i> = 0.012) and male sex (<i>P</i> = 0.049) as predictive of a positive FHBT result. Methane producers were present in 37% of patients with FAPS, with no difference between those with and without FM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated a high prevalence of FM and intolerance in patients with FAPS, with younger age and male sex as predictors.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 1","pages":"113971"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric intestinal metaplasia: Management and surveillance strategies.","authors":"Philippe Attieh, Antonio Al Hazzouri, Mohamad Al Qassab, Elissar Mansour, Nour Rizk, Karam Karam, Elias Fiani, Said G Farhat","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.118156","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.118156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a common histological finding often associated with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection, placing patients at high risk of gastric cancer. The Correa cascade is a pathway that describes the progression of GIM from precancerous to cancerous following a sequence of inflammation-atrophy-metaplasia-dysplasia and carcinoma. Mortality can be reduced through early detection and follow-up screening. There is a wide variation in clinical management of GIM, which makes it difficult to determine the degree of adherence to established guidelines and recommendations. All guidelines emphasize the importance of high-definition endoscopy and targeted biopsy (taken separately from the antrum and corpus) to improve risk stratification. This highlights the need for standardized protocol for GIM management and risk-based follow-up. The main challenge remains the lack of global standardization leading to inconsistency in follow-up initiation and discontinuation, in addition to low adherence to guidelines due to resource limitations. This is progressively enhanced by the development of a personalized follow-up plan based on the individual patient's case and a unified risk-based surveillance protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 1","pages":"118156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of a possible route of transmission of <i>Candida</i> and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> associations in gastroduodenal pathology.","authors":"Sergey M Kotelevets","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.118294","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.118294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal and bacterial interactions are widespread in the environment. Such intra-abdominal co-infections may lead to sepsis, potentially resulting in significant mortality. Interactions between invasive fungi (<i>Candida</i>) and pathogenic bacteria [<i>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)</i>] appear to be particularly relevant to human infection outcomes. Co-colonization by fungi and bacteria (coinfections) remains a pressing issue among patients with gastrointestinal pathology; however, the transmission routes and pathogenic mechanisms of these microbiome interactions are not yet fully understood. <i>Candida</i> species are known to support the growth of certain bacteria, and studies have observed a significant increase in the colony counts of these bacteria in the presence of fungi. As an opportunistic pathogen, <i>Candida</i>-in association with <i>H. pylori</i>-may contribute to dysbiosis of the oral microflora and other regions of the gastrointestinal tract, potentially facilitating disease progression. Therefore, understanding the interactions between fungi and bacteria is essential for improving early diagnosis and treatment efficacy. Synergistic effects have been identified in the development of resistance to antifungal and antibacterial therapies. Modern treatment strategies should consider focusing on methods to disrupt this synergy, as well as on preventative measures to limit the transmission of <i>Candida-Helicobacter</i> associations between individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 1","pages":"118294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoalbuminemia as a predictor of mortality in patients with acute cholangitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Raja Taha Yaseen Khan, Salman Ahsam, Sanjay Kirshan Kumar, Khaiber Khan, Muhammad Talha Kakar, Ali Hyder, Wadana Malik, Muhammed Mubarak, Nasir H Luck","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.113373","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.113373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute cholangitis is a potentially life-threatening infection of the biliary tract and its mortality rate is between 10%-30%. Early risk stratification is essential for the best possible outcome. Serum albumin, an index of the inflammatory and nutritional state, has been associated with adverse outcome in various acute conditions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the value of hypoalbuminemia as a predictor of mortality in acute cholangitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Semantic Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was performed up to May 2025. Eligible studies included adults diagnosed with acute cholangitis and reported mortality outcomes stratified by serum albumin levels. Data extraction was conducted independently by two reviewers, and study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95%CI were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed with the <i>I</i>² statistic, while publication bias was evaluated through funnel plot symmetry and Egger's regression test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight retrospectively assembled cohort studies enrolling a total of 2215 of patients with acute cholangitis were incorporated in this meta-analysis. Mean age of the patient was greater than 65 years. Among them, 52.2% were males. Out 2215 patients, 242 (10.9%) died. Hypoalbuminemia was highly associated with increased mortality. Dichotomous outcome analysis demonstrated strong evidence of association between hypoalbuminemia and mortality (OR = 8.02, 95%CI: 3.41-18.83; <i>P</i> ≤ 0.001; <i>I</i>² = 50%). Continuous outcome analysis demonstrated a 23% increased risk of mortality associated with every 1 g/dL fall in serum albumin (OR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.64-0.93; <i>P</i> = 0.005; <i>I</i>² = 66%). All the incorporated studies were of high methodological quality with minimal evidence of publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypoalbuminemia on hospital admission is a strong and independent predictor of death in patients with acute cholangitis. Admission serum albumin measurement provides a simple, cost-effective, and universally available method of early risk stratification. Prospective studies in the future need to examine whether correction of hypoalbuminemia improves clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 1","pages":"113373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From esophagus to colon: A narrative review of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders.","authors":"Abeer Qasim, George S Zacharia, Fnu Veena, Sameer D Kandhi, Harish Patel","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.115307","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.115307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID) are a heterogeneous group of chronic diseases characterized by excessive infiltration of eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract in the absence of identifiable secondary causes. Primary EGID includes eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, and eosinophilic colitis. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise overview of the current understanding and management of EGID. The published data were extracted by a comprehensive literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE with keywords related to EGID. The retrieved data were analyzed and synthesized into a narrative review emphasizing clinical features, evaluation, and treatment strategies. A brief outline of the etiopathogenesis of the disease was also derived from the published literature. EGID, especially esophagitis, has demonstrated an increasing global prevalence, more frequent in men and those with other atopic conditions. The etiology of EGID remains poorly understood, though allergic mechanisms are heavily implicated. Sensitization to foods or aeroallergens is common, yet only a minority experiences food-induced anaphylaxis, suggesting distinct non-IgE-mediated pathways in disease pathogenesis. Genetic factors and dysregulation in gene expression related to eosinophil recruitment, notably eotaxin-3, are implicated as well. The clinical manifestations vary according to the site of gastrointestinal tract involvement. The diagnosis relies on endoscopic biopsies to reveal the tissue eosinophilia. The treatment strategies include dietary modification or elimination diets, steroids and other anti-allergic medications, proton pump inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies targeting eosinophils or key inflammatory cytokines. Therapeutic endoscopic procedures might benefit patients with strictures, particularly those involving esophagus.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 1","pages":"115307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incretin polyagonists as an alternative to bariatric surgery to manage obesity.","authors":"Rohit Jacob Manoj, Cornelius J Fernandez, Sunil Nair, Joseph M Pappachan","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.118132","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v17.i1.118132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incretins are gut hormones involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis in the human body, and disorders of the incretin system are recognized as contributing to the pathobiology of metabolic dysfunction and obesity. Incretin polyagonists are transforming the landscape of obesity treatment by offering potent, non-surgical alternatives to bariatric procedures. Acting on multiple incretin and related receptors, these novel pharmacological agents harness the synergistic effects of gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, and glucagon to achieve unprecedented weight loss and metabolic improvements. Recent clinical trials demonstrate that dual and triple agonists can produce weight reductions comparable to, or in some cases approaching, those seen with bariatric surgery, while simultaneously improving glycemic control, lipid profiles, liver fat, and cardiovascular risk factors. Unlike conventional monotherapies, these polyagonists address the complexity of energy homeostasis and metabolic dysfunction in obesity, with some agents displaying a favorable side effect profile and thereby enhancing patient tolerability. Practical considerations, such as ease of administration, cost, long-term safety, and accessibility, remain evolving challenges; yet, incretin polyagonists have rapidly gained prominence in clinical guidelines for the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. As evidence mounts regarding their efficacy, safety, and potential to modify cardiometabolic disease risk, incretin polyagonists emerge as promising alternatives, especially for patients unable or unwilling to undergo bariatric surgery. Ongoing research will further define their long-term role, comparative effectiveness, and optimal integration into multidisciplinary obesity care. This review discusses the current evidence-base for optimal use of incretin polyagonists as an alternative to bariatric surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"17 1","pages":"118132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorectal cancer metastasis to the brain: A scoping review of incidence, treatment, and outcomes.","authors":"Hunter J Hutchinson, Melanie Gonzalez, Diana Feier, Colin E Welch, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.4291/wjgp.v16.i4.110961","DOIUrl":"10.4291/wjgp.v16.i4.110961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Over 150000 new diagnoses of colorectal cancer (CRC) are diagnosed yearly, and 1 in 5 patients have distant metastases on diagnosis. Previous estimates approximate that brain metastases (BM) occur in 0.6% to 3.2% of patients with CRC.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the updated literature about the incidence and risk factors of BM in CRC as well as their treatment with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched the literature published between January 1, 2010 and April 1, 2025 in PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and EMBASE. All studies about BM from CRC were included. Studies only containing information about the treatment of primary CRC or primary brain tumors were not included. Articles were categorized and described as incidence, surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation to provide an overview of the state of research on BM from CRC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our primary search resulted in 1648 articles that were eventually screened to 147. These articles were analyzed to provide the state of current literature on incidence and risk factors of BM from CRC as well as how these metastases are treated with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prognosis is influenced by tumor burden, performance status, and emerging molecular markers. Stereotactic radiotherapy and surgical resection provide favorable outcomes for select patients, whereas chemotherapy and immunotherapy remain areas of limited evidence. Continued research is needed to identify high-risk patients and optimize multidisciplinary treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":68755,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠病理生理学杂志(电子版)(英文版)","volume":"16 4","pages":"110961"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}