Analyst最新文献

{"title":"Reliable and precise lipoprotein detection based on a self-priming hairpin-triggered Cas12a/crRNA based signaling strategy†","authors":"Xiaoya Liu, Hai Peng, Lisha Gong, Hong Zhang, Chenglong Zhao, Weiju Lai, Gang An and Xianxian Zhao","doi":"10.1039/D4AN01167H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AN01167H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Cardiovascular disease, intimately linked to dyslipidemia, is one of the leading global causes of mortality. Dyslipidaemia often presents as an elevated concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and a decreased concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Therefore, accurately measuring the levels of LDL and HDL particles is crucial for assessing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. However, conventional approaches can commonly quantify HDL/LDL particles by detecting cholesterol or protein molecules within them, which may fail to reflect the number of intact particles. In addition, these approaches are sometimes tedious and time-consuming, highlighting the need for a novel method for precise and effective identification of intact HDL and LDL particles. We have devised a technique that allows accurately and sensitively determining the levels of intact HDL and LDL in a sample without the need for isolation. This method relies on antibody-based immobilization and a self-priming hairpin-triggered Cas12a/crRNA signaling strategy. Based on the elegant design, this technique can be employed to directly and precisely measure the concentration of “actual” HDL and LDL particles, rather than the cholesterol content inside HDL and LDL. The approach has detection limits of 12.3 mg dL<small>⁻¹</small> and 5.4 mg dL<small>⁻¹</small> for HDL and LDL, respectively, and is also suitable for analyzing lipoproteins in clinical samples. Hence, this platform exhibits immense potential for clinical applications and health management.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 1","pages":" 46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanofibers decorated with high-entropy alloy particles for the detection of nitrites†","authors":"Wang Yang, Wanchen Xie, Chongtao Zhang, Fang Duan, Shuanglong Lu and Mingliang Du","doi":"10.1039/D4AN01246A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AN01246A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Excessive residues of nitrite can pose a serious threat to human health, making the establishment of an efficient and effective electrochemical sensor for nitrite detection highly necessary. Herein, we report on a sensor based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers, with FeCoNiCuAl high-entropy alloy (HEAs) nanoparticles <em>in situ</em> grown on the carbon fibers through a confinement effect. The FeCoNiCuAl/CNF sensor is capable of electrochemically detecting nitrite using both differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and amperometric (<em>I</em>–<em>t</em>) methods. The DPV detection offers a linear range of 0.1–5000 μM and 5000–18 000 μM, with sensitivities of 150.6 μA mM<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small> and 80.1 μA mM<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small> and a detection limit of 0.023 μM (S/N = 3). The <em>I</em>–<em>t</em> detection covers a range of 1–10 000 μM, with a sensitivity of 337.84 μA mM<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small> and a detection limit of 0.12 μM. Moreover, the sensor exhibits excellent anti-interference properties, stability, and reproducibility, providing feasibility for nitrite detection in real-world environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 1","pages":" 177-184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel microfluidic chip for on-site radiation risk evaluation","authors":"Kenta Takahashi, Takahiro Tamura, Kosuke Yamada, Kaisei Suga, Yuri Aoki, Ryota Sano, Kentaro Koyama, Asako J. Nakamura and Takaaki Suzuki","doi":"10.1039/D4AN00941J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AN00941J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This paper proposes a microfluidic chip for on-site radiation risk evaluation using immunofluorescence staining for the DNA double-strand break (DSB) marker phosphorylated histone, H2AX (γ-H2AX). The proposed microfluidic chip separates lymphocytes, the cells of the DNA DSB evaluation target, from whole blood based on their size and traps them in the trap structure. The subsequent DNA DSB evaluation, γ-H2AX assay, can be performed on a chip, which saves space and simplifies the complicated operation of the assay, which conventionally requires a large experimental space. Therefore, this chip will enable the biological effect evaluation of radiation exposure to be completed on-site. Bead experiments with samples containing 10 μm and 27 μm diameter beads showed that the proposed chip introduced the sample into the flow channel only by centrifugal force and passively separated the two types of beads by the structure in the flow channel. In addition, bead experiments showed that isolated 10 μm diameter beads were trapped in more than 95% of the 1000 lymphocyte trap structures (LTSs). The feasibility of the proposed method for on-site radiation risk evaluation was demonstrated through cell-based experiments by performing the γ-H2AX assay in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. The experiment shows that LTSs in the flow channel are capable of trapping TK6 cells, and γ-H2AX foci which are markers of DNA DSBs are observed in the TK6 cells on the chip. Thus, the results suggest that the proposed microfluidic chip simplifies the γ-H2AX assay protocol and provides a novel method to perform the assay on-site, which is conventionally impracticable.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 24","pages":" 5883-5893"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanically Stabilized UiO-66-NH2-MB Screen Printed Carbon Electrode for High Performance Electrochemical Ratiometric Quantification of miR-21-5p†","authors":"Jianjing Shen, Li Yan, Jun Pang, Zhenyu Chu, Ying Xie, Shan Huang, Xiaojun Chen","doi":"10.1039/d4an01302f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01302f","url":null,"abstract":"The ratiometric sensing strategy with dual-signal output drastically compensates for the background noise and interference from the detection environment of the sensing method with a single-signal output. However, the stability of the reference signal has become the primary challenge in constructing a ratio detection sensor. Therefore, in order to realize stable ratio signal sensing detection, methylene blue (MB) was encapsulated in the UiO-66-NH2 framework and printed as a reference signal inside a screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCE), which was helpful for the precise detection of miR-21-5p. Subsequently, based on the ultra-sensitive detection mechanism of catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), the combination of miR-21-5p with H1 sequence on the Au-deposited SPCE triggered the loop-open of H1. After that, ferrocene labeled H2 (H2-Fc) and H3-Fc sequences were sequentially added to form a stable “T-shaped” structure, and miR-21-5p was released into the next cycle. Thus, the detection of miR-21-5p was quantified by the current ratio of Fc with MB, obtaining a ultra-low detection limit of 2.7 fM. This ratiometric sensing strategy based on SPCE offered a promising pathway for the highly sensitive sensing platforms.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"251 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Shifted Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy (SERDS) for application in highly fluorescent biological samples, using fibre optic probes†","authors":"H. Sheridan, A. P. Dudgeon, J. C. C. Day, C. Kendall, C. Hall and N. Stone","doi":"10.1039/D4AN01264J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AN01264J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Fibre optic probe based Raman spectroscopy can deliver <em>in vivo</em> molecular compositional analysis of a range of diseases. However, some biological tissues exhibit high levels of fluorescence which limit the utility of the technique, particularly when the fluorescence induces CCD etaloning, which can be particulalry hard to remove in subsequent analysis. Furthermore, use of fibre probes can result in silica signals superimposed on the biological Raman signals. Shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) utilises a small seperation in excitation wavelengths to remove signals from fluorescence, room lights, optical components and etaloning contributions, while retaining chemical signals from the sample. In this study, we sought to measure the optimum SERDS spectra enabling reconstruction of a range a narrow and broad peaks found in biological samples.  A original wavelength of 830 nm was utilised with 7 different shifts between 0.4 and 3.9 nm to determine which gave the best performance. This range roughly corresponds to the typical range of peak widths within biological Raman spectra at 830 nm excitation; 0.41 – 3.25 nm or 6 – 47 cm<small>⁻¹</small>. An wavelength shift of 2.4 nm was identified as optimal. Finally, a fibre optic Raman probe was used to measure 2 human lymph nodes <em>ex vivo</em> to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach with real-world examples.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 1","pages":" 103-119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/an/d4an01264j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142671113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualizing active fungicide formulation mobility in tomato leaves with desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry imaging†","authors":"Akhila Ajith, Emrys Jones, Emily Prince, Drupad K. Trivedi, Giles N. Johnson, Phillip J. Milnes and Nicholas P. Lockyer","doi":"10.1039/D4AN01309C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AN01309C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Newer and safer agrochemicals are always in demand to meet the increasing needs of a growing population for affordable food. Spatial chemical monitoring of the active mobility of an agrochemical is essential to this agrochemical development process and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is proposed as a safer, easier alternative to the existing standard of autoradiography for the same. With desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (DESI MSI) using leaf imprints, we were able to visualize the active agrochemical mobility of a commercial fungicide formulation with the active ingredient Azoxystrobin in whole tomato leaves. The leaf-imprinting method was optimized with precise control over the pressure conditions and time of imprinting to yield highly consistent samples for imaging. The reproducibility of this method was tested with the Azoxystrobin formulation applied to tomato leaves and was compared to the mobility of the unformulated Azoxystrobin standard in similar application conditions. The xylem mobility and the lateral-leaf lamina spreading of the fungicide were visualized with mass spectrometry imaging and validated using complementary LC-MS studies. The necessity and importance of the agrochemical application as a formulation were re-iterated by the limited mobility observed in Azoxystrobin standard studies compared to the Azoxystrobin formulation. This mass spectrometry imprint-imaging method could be translated for the visualization of any xenobiotic in further foliar systems particularly with soft leaves.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 24","pages":" 5904-5913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/an/d4an01309c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid chemical detection and segmentation of latent fingerprints by means of a novel middle-infrared scanning method","authors":"Björn van Marwick, Tim Kümmel, Felix Wühler, Felix Lauer, Jan Hoffmann and Matthias Rädle","doi":"10.1039/D4AN00367E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AN00367E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The fast and reliable detection, segmentation and visualization of latent fingerprints are the main tasks in forensics. Currently, conventional fingerprints are searched for, recorded and subsequently analyzed <em>via</em> traditional destructive physical and chemical methods. For firmly defined crime objects and undefined crime scenes, the forensic process is very time-consuming and can take several hours for a single fingerprint. In this context, a laser-based measurement technique that records complete latent fingerprints under fifteen seconds in a non-destructive manner was developed that digitizes the fingerprint for postprocessing steps. The optical system is based on confocal measurements in the mid-infrared wavelength range (2 μm–4 μm) to analyze specific chemical substances at crime scenes. The resulting chemical segmentation allows molecule-dependent analysis of latent and visually invisible fingerprints, providing clear conclusions about the perpetrator or the course of the crime. In this study, the application of the developed measurement system (MIR scanner) to capture fingerprints in a molecule-dependent manner within few seconds is demonstrated, compared with reference methods such as FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) imaging, and extended to real crime objects.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 24","pages":" 5768-5783"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/an/d4an00367e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validating phosphoethanolamine modification as a potential spectral marker of colistin resistance","authors":"Dimple Saikia, Cebajel Bhanwarlal Tanan, G. Dhananjaya, Basavraj Hungund, Nilkamal Mahanta, Surya P. Singh","doi":"10.1039/d4an01228c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4an01228c","url":null,"abstract":"Colistin antibiotic is regarded as the final line of defense for treating infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. The combination of Raman spectroscopy (RS) with diverse machine learning methods has helped to unravel the complexity of various microbiology problems. This approach offers a culture-free, rapid, and objective tool for identifying antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this study, we employed the combinatorial approach of machine learning and RS to identify a novel spectral marker associated with phosphoethanolamine modification in lipid A moiety of colistin resistant gram-negative Escherichia coli. The visible spectral fingerprints of this marker have been validated by partial least square regression and discriminant analysis. The origin of the spectral feature has been confirmed by hyperspectral imaging and K-means clustering of a single bacterial cell. The chemical structure of the modified lipid A moiety has been verified by gold standard MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Our findings support futuristic applicability of this spectroscopic marker in objectively identifying colistin-sensitive and resistant.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of metal–biomolecule interactions by relative mobility shift partial filling affinity capillary electrophoresis†","authors":"Tao Huang, Jinxiang Xu, Chunsu Liang, Liyu Gong and Xiaomei Ling","doi":"10.1039/D4AN01176G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AN01176G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Metal ions and their interactions with biomolecules play an important role in human health. However, optical detectors commonly used for HPCE cannot directly detect metal ions without UV absorption. To make up for the shortcomings of existing HPCE detectors, a new universal HPCE detection system called an interface-induced current detector (IICRD) was constructed previously, with no need for derivatization procedures or complex instrumental modifications. Meanwhile, most of the reported studies on metal–biomolecule interactions only focused on the detection and analysis of biomolecules, commonly causing inaccurate or false-negative results, which is yet to be resolved. Here, the application of HPCE-IICRD realized the determination of metal–biomolecule interactions by directly measuring the electrophoretic parameters of metal ions for the first time, indicating that the interaction intensity can be measured more directly and accurately. Furthermore, an improved affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) method called relative mobility shift partial filling ACE-IICRD (rmsPF-ACE-IICRD) was originally developed to quantitatively analyze the binding strength. Binding behaviors between twelve free metal ions and three types of biomolecules (including two blood proteins, two enzyme proteins and two native DNAs) were investigated, and the values of the equilibrium dissociation constant (<em>K</em><small>_D</small>) of metal–biomolecule complexes were calculated and evaluated by the nonlinear chromatography (NLC) method. The experimental results were basically consistent with the literature values. In particular, heavy metal ions showed stronger interactions with proteins and enzymes, while metal ions tended to show stronger binding with native DNAs than proteins and enzymes, which were in agreement with literature results. The combined use of HPCE-IICRD and rmsPF-ACE showed great advantages such as no need for pretreatment, low operating cost, good repeatability, simple operation and no interference from coexisting substances, which is hopeful to become an efficient metal ion detection method and also to expand the application scope of IICRD in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 24","pages":" 5894-5903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorogenic detection of cyanide ions in pure aqueous media through an intramolecular crossed-benzoin reaction: limitations unveiled and possible solutions†‡","authors":"Vincent Gaumerd, Yoan Capello, Quentin Bonnin, Pierre-Yves Renard and Anthony Romieu","doi":"10.1039/D4AN01368A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4AN01368A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Reaction-based fluorogenic sensing of lethal cyanide anions in aqueous matrices remains a big challenge. We have revisited the reported approach about an intramolecular crossed-benzoin reaction leading to the release of a phenol-based fluorophore. Fluorescence assays and RP-HPLC-MS analyses have helped us to highlight its limitations related to poor aqueous stability of probes and impossibility to achieve molecular amplification despite the assumed catalytic activation mechanism. Traceless cleavable linker strategies were considered to obtain usable cyanide-responsive chemodosimeters and statistical analyses of fluorescence data have been conducted in depth to accurately delineate their sensing performances, especially the limit of detection (LOD).</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" 1","pages":" 168-176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}