{"title":"Development of a Fully Paper-Based Device for Quantitative Detection of Digoxin at the Point of Care","authors":"Kyle Chen, Jiakun Lu, Jasmine Thanh Trinh, Audrey Theresa Sogata, Rika Nicole Lumagbas Canlas, Daniel Kamei","doi":"10.1039/d5an00800j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00800j","url":null,"abstract":"We are the first to integrate H<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> degradation and gold nanorod (GNR) etching on paper with the lateral-flow immunoassay (LFA) in a 3D-printed device to achieve semi-quantitative results for therapeutic drug monitoring of digoxin by correlating different color outputs to different digoxin concentrations.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AnalystPub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1039/d5an00775e
Yang Zang, Ruhua Wei, Yang Feng, Jingjing Jiang, Huaiguo Xue
{"title":"MIL-68(In)-derived CdIn2S4 @In2S3 hollow microtubes for sensitive molecularly imprinted photoelectrochemical CEA sensor","authors":"Yang Zang, Ruhua Wei, Yang Feng, Jingjing Jiang, Huaiguo Xue","doi":"10.1039/d5an00775e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00775e","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, an antibody-free photoelectrochemical sensing platform was constructed for sensitive carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay by coupling with CdIn<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small>@In<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>3</sub></small> hollow microtubes (HMTs) and polydopamine-mediated molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). Among them, CdIn<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small>@In<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>3</sub></small> HMTs, synthesized by Cd<small><sup>2+</sup></small>-exchange reaction on MIL-68(In)-derived In<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>3</sub></small> surface with large specific surface area, could promote the separation of photogenerated charge carriers by means of the shortened charge-transfer distance and the enhanced light adsorption, resulting in a stable photocurrent. Meanwhile, polydopamine-dependent MIP, electrodeposited on the surface of CdIn<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small>@In<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>3</sub></small> HMTs-modified ITO electrode, could elute the template molecules to effectively recognize CEA without complex and expensive antibody-antigen assembly processes. In the presence of target CEA, the imprinted cavities could be re-embedded for inhibiting the diffusion of electron donor via a typical stereo-hindrance effect. Under the optimized conditions, the above sensor exhibited wide linearity range of 1 pg mL<small><sup>−1</sup></small> to 500 ng mL<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, low detection limit of 0.52 pg mL<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, high selectivity and good stability. This sensor was also applied to CEA analysis in real human serum, providing a feasible strategy for selective detection of other biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AnalystPub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1039/d5an00781j
Biyao Zhao, Feifei Yuan, Xuwen Ye, Yuanyuan Wang
{"title":"Integrating resonance energy transfer with redox reaction for highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence sensing of glucose","authors":"Biyao Zhao, Feifei Yuan, Xuwen Ye, Yuanyuan Wang","doi":"10.1039/d5an00781j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00781j","url":null,"abstract":"Facile and rapid monitoring of blood glucose (Glu) is of great significance in clinical diagnostics. Herein, a highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor with simplicity and rapidity was designed for reliable Glu assay based on resonance energy transfer (RET) and redox reaction. Initially, Ru(bpy)32+ encapsulated in dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (RuDMSN, donor) was coated with methylene blue (MB, acceptor/quencher) to form RuDMSN@MB nanocomposites. The incorporation of both donor and acceptor within a single nanostructure resulted in a high RET quenching efficiency, leading to a low background signal and high sensitivity. Subsequently, under alkaline conditions, the blue color MB was chemically reduced to colorless methylene white (MW) by the addition of Glu within minutes, accompanied by the disappearance of absorbance centred at about 665 nm. This redox process suppressed the quenching capacity of MB, thereby recovering the ECL response of the luminophore. Therefore, the “turn-on” ECL sensor combined RET strategy and redox reaction achieving rapid and sensitive detection of Glu. The proposed ECL-RET sensor performed well for Glu detection with a detection limit of 8.1 nM and a wide linear range from 10 nM to 100 mM, along with acceptable stability and reproducibility. Furthermore, the facile ECL sensor integrating RET with redox reaction was successfully applied on real samples, demonstrating its potential promise in clinical diagnosis and disease monitoring.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Dextran Sulfate based on an Ionic Liquids-based Turn-on Micro-optode","authors":"Sabbir Ahamed, Subham Lama, Najmin Tohora, Rajkumar Sahoo, Shraddha Rai, Subekchha Pradhan, Upika Darnal, Sudhir Kumar Das","doi":"10.1039/d5an00704f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00704f","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive fluorometric method has been developed to detect dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) utilizing next-generation fluorescent ionic liquids (ILs)-based fluorescent micro-optode, nHPTIL outperforming other biomacromolecules having detection and quantification limits in the ng/mL range in aqueous media. A handy paper-based test kit experiment was also explored for the detection of DSS without using a costly instrumental technique. The present report not only enables the rapid and visual detection of DSS, but also facilitates the broader utilization of ILs-based photonic materials for the fabrication of next-generation photoluminescent low-dimensional optodes for biomedical applications, disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and forensic security.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Borophene Electrocatalyst for the Identification of Calcium Ions in Blood Serum Sample","authors":"Reshma Kaimal, Aashutosh Dube, Madappa C. Maridevaru, Ramalinga Viswanathan Mangalaraja, Sambandam Anandan","doi":"10.1039/d5an00809c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00809c","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium (Ca²⁺) ions are a vital electrolyte in neuromuscular function, cardiovascular regulation, bone health, blood clotting, and cellular signalling. It makes its accurate detection crucial for diagnosing conditions such as hyperparathyroidism, kidney disease, and metabolic disorders. This study develops a borophene-based electrochemical sensor that enables rapid, highly sensitive, and selective monitoring of calcium levels, offering significant advancements in clinical diagnostics and personalized healthcare. The sensor leverages borophene’s exceptional electrocatalytic properties and ability to facilitate rapid ion transport, enhancing charge transfer kinetics at the fabricated sensor interface. Various analytical techniques, including powder Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were applied to examine the morphological and physicochemical characteristics of the borophene. These methods provided comprehensive insights into the crystallinity, functional groups, surface morphology, and nanoscale structural features, ensuring a thorough characterization of the material's composition and behaviour. Electrochemical characterisation using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) demonstrates a broad linear detection range (LDR) (0.29–1.0 µM), an ultra-low detection limit (LOD) and quantification limit (LOQ) of 0.09 µM & 0.29 µM, and excellent repeatability. Additionally, the sensor exhibits strong anti-interference performance against competing physiological ions, ensuring high specificity. Integrating borophene in electrochemical biosensing highlights its potential for next-generation point-of-care diagnostics, paving the way for the miniaturized, real-time monitoring of essential biomarkers in biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AnalystPub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1039/d5an00430f
Kangxun Zhao, tianqi ma, Yulian Li, Bing Zhang, Xueqiu You
{"title":"Microneedle-Based Integrated Three-Electrode System for Pesticide Detection Using Machine Learning","authors":"Kangxun Zhao, tianqi ma, Yulian Li, Bing Zhang, Xueqiu You","doi":"10.1039/d5an00430f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00430f","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticides contribute to enhanced agricultural productivity, yet excessive residues pose significant health risks to humans as they persist even after washing, making their detection in crops critically important. In this study, we employed 3D-printed microneedle arrays (MNs) integrated with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and deep learning (DL) algorithm to capture the electrochemical characteristic signals of pesticide molecules. To enhance sensing performance, the working electrode composed of Au film was further modified with carbon nanotubes, achieving a increase in surface area and significantly improved current response. Successful classification and identification were demonstrated on predefined unknown pesticide samples through electrochemical fingerprint analysis. The experimental results revealed that all algorithms achieved average accuracy exceeding 90% in interpreting DPV fingerprints, with the convolutional neural network (CNN) attaining 100% classification accuracy, thereby confirming the method's efficacy in pesticide discrimination. In addition, the performance on the extended dataset is also satisfactory. This innovative integration of DPV and DL technologies paves a novel pathway for pesticide classification and recognition, offering substantial potential to advance agricultural safety protocols and safeguard public health regulation.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detection of CH4 and SF6 in small volumes with infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy: A comparison with direct absorption spectroscopy","authors":"Ton-Rong Tseng, Che-Hua Yang, Hsiao-Chi Lu, Mei-Lin Ho, Bing-Ming Cheng","doi":"10.1039/d5an00667h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00667h","url":null,"abstract":"Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has been applied to monitor gases in various circumstances; however, the IR spectral technique has limitations in detecting small volumes or trace amounts of gas. To evaluate this issue, we deliberately measured the IR spectra of methane and sulfur hexafluoride using the photoacoustic spectroscopic (PAS) technique for gaseous volumes of 1 mL or less. For comparison, the IR spectra of these gases were also determined by the direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) method for the same quantities. As results, we found that the IR-PAS technique can compete with DAS with advantages including better baseline, scan time saving, and less distortion from the background for the same quantities of small gaseous samples. The calibrations of the intensity <em>vs</em>. absolute amount of gas and the optical path length of the cell were engaged in this work; the results show the relationships are linear, conforming to the successful quantitative analysis for small volumes or minute quantities of gas with the IR-PAS technique. In addition, the IR-PAS spectra of the gases were investigated with various construction materials of sample cells. In this manner, our investigation may further motivate the development of a better means or scheme in the IR-PAS technique for monitoring minute amounts of gas in the future.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"441 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AnalystPub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1039/d5an00739a
Yuqiong Sun, Xin Guo, Yongchang Jiang, Jingyu Cui, Jing Wu, Junzhuan Wang, Wen Cheng, Yi Shi, Lijia Pan
{"title":"Wearable Microfluidic Devices for Multiplex Body-fluid Monitoring","authors":"Yuqiong Sun, Xin Guo, Yongchang Jiang, Jingyu Cui, Jing Wu, Junzhuan Wang, Wen Cheng, Yi Shi, Lijia Pan","doi":"10.1039/d5an00739a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00739a","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable microfluidic devices enable multiplexed, continuous monitoring of analytes in body fluid such as sweat, interstitial fluid, tears, and saliva, providing comprehensive data for personalized health management and disease diagnosis. These devices hold the potential to revolutionize traditional healthcare paradigms. This review systematically summarizes recent strategies for the design and fabrication of such devices, including microfluidic platforms, sensing units, and microelectronic systems, and provides a framework for achieving efficient body-fluid collection, transport, and detection. By analyzing recent case studies across different body fluids, we outline advancements in high-reliability designs, hybrid multimodal sensing, artificial intelligence integration, and battery-free operation, as well as their potential to accelerate commercialization. Finally, key challenges in translating laboratory prototypes to market-ready products are discussed, offering guidance for future development of robust, multifunctional wearable microfluidic systems.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AnalystPub Date : 2025-09-11DOI: 10.1039/d5an00450k
Jayanta Sarmah Boruah, Seungkyung Park
{"title":"Recent advances in nanomaterial-based biosensor for testosterone detection","authors":"Jayanta Sarmah Boruah, Seungkyung Park","doi":"10.1039/d5an00450k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00450k","url":null,"abstract":"Steroid hormone detection is of great concern because of the influential effect of such hormones on human health and activity. In particular, the determination of testosterone is utmost important as it directly relates to the multiple diseases in its deficiency or excess in our body. As the level of testosterone to be detected is typically in pg/mL range, efficient but highly sensitive biosensor platforms have been required. The impact of nanomaterials in this effort is indeed high for the improved sensitivity as well as specificity. In this review, we summarise all such biosensors related to testosterone till date where different types of nanomaterials (from carbon and metal source) have contributed. The detection methods mainly include optical, electrochemical methods considering rapid and user-friendly characteristics. The classification of biosensors is primarily based on receptor materials where nanomaterials play a vital role. The efficiency, detection limit, and advantage or limitation are discussed for each work. Further, the future perspective of the developed methods has been discussed for on-site detection in the form of point-of-care (POC) device. This will help testosterone biosensor researcher to get a platform covering up-to-date findings and strategies to improve their work design.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A barcode-specific immobilization interface for microfluidics-assisted uniform spatially barcoded microarray analysis.","authors":"Sidi Tian, Yingxue Li, Jia Yao, Changxiang Huan, Wei Zhang, Shuli Li, Zhiqi Zhang, Zhen Guo, Qi Yang, Chao Li, Chuanyu Li, Jinze Li, Lianqun Zhou","doi":"10.1039/d5an00534e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00534e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microfluidics-assisted spatially barcoded microarray technology offers a high-throughput, low-cost approach towards spatial transcriptomic profiling. A uniform barcoded microarray is crucial for spatially unbiased mRNA analysis. However, non-specific adsorption of barcoding reagents in microchannels occurs during liquid transport, causing non-uniform barcoding in the chip's functional regions. The uneven microarray further leads to biased transcriptome capture. Herein, we develop a barcode-specific immobilization (BarSI) interface with both anti-adsorption properties and biological activity for the development of uniform spatially barcoded microarray chips. We immobilize DNA probes in straight and serpentine microchannels with coefficients of variation (CV) of 2.3% and 3.2%. Based on the orthogonal barcoding system, we developed spatially barcoded microarray chips with an overall fluorescence intensity CV of 8.47 ± 1.26%, compared with the CV of 20.91 ± 2.84% of microarrays developed on conventional amino glass slides. Using the uniform spatially barcoded microarray chip, we achieved spatially unbiased detection of mouse liver mRNA with an absolute value of Moran's <i>I</i> below 0.05. We present an economical and accessible method for manufacturing uniform spatially barcoded microarray chips, introducing a novel strategy for unbiased transcriptome analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}