Journal of Friction and Wear最新文献_第5页

Structure and Properties of Antifriction Pseudo-Alloys of the Powder Steel–Copper Alloy, Infiltrated with Materials of Various Compositions 渗入不同成分材料的粉末钢铜合金抗摩擦伪合金的结构和性能

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.3103/s1068366623040050

L. N. Dyachkova

{"title":"Structure and Properties of Antifriction Pseudo-Alloys of the Powder Steel–Copper Alloy, Infiltrated with Materials of Various Compositions","authors":"L. N. Dyachkova","doi":"10.3103/s1068366623040050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068366623040050","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The structure and properties of powder steel–copper alloy antifriction pseudo-alloys infiltrated with materials of various compositions are studied, it is shown that mechanical and tribological properties are determined both by the composition and structure of the steel skeleton and, to a large extent, by the composition and structure of the infiltrate. It has been established that the limiting content of lead in the infiltrate, which ensures the absence of lead deposits on the sample surface and a large (10–15%) residual porosity, should not exceed 3%. The use of a mixture of copper powders and alloying additives for infiltration is more technologically advanced than atomized bronze powders. It is shown that the wear resistance of pseudo-alloys with a chromium steel skeleton depends to a lesser extent on the composition of the infiltrate, since the main contribution to wear resistance is made by a hard steel skeleton. The introduction of 3–5% ultrafine aluminum oxide powders into the infiltrate leads to an increase in the seizure pressure by 1.2 MPa and wear resistance by 20–30% due to the refinement of the copper alloy structure and the deceleration of dislocations that arise during deformation due to friction. It is shown that during the wear of pseudo-alloys in the surface layer the structure is refined, martensite is formed in the skeleton, and, accordingly, the microhardness increases by 720–760 MPa.</p>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138558360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physicochemical Tribomechanics of Antifriction Materials Operating in Heavy-Loaded Friction Pairs in Active Lubricating Media 在活性润滑介质中重负载摩擦对中工作的抗摩擦材料的物理化学摩擦力学

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068366623060077

{"title":"Physicochemical Tribomechanics of Antifriction Materials Operating in Heavy-Loaded Friction Pairs in Active Lubricating Media","authors":"","doi":"10.3103/s1068366623060077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068366623060077","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3> <strong>Abstract</strong>—</h3> <p>Within the framework of physicochemical mechanics (the Rehbinder effect), the problems of the plasticizing and strengthening effect of the lubricating medium on the near-surface layers of metal tribomaterials are analyzed. The influence of modeling (petroleum jelly oil, glycerin, mineral oils, glycerin-based hydraulic fluids) and industrial (Buksol, Puma, and M-14V2) lubricant media that contain surfactants, is investigated on the main tribological (coefficient of friction, wear intensity), strength (yield strength, microhardness) and microstructural (broadening of X-ray lines, dislocation density and crystal lattice parameter) characteristics, as well as on the processes of diffusion redistribution of alloying elements in surface layers of tribomaterials, such as copper, brass, and bronze, when they are rubbed together with steel. The analysis of the conditions of formation and stable functioning of the regime of “non-wear” friction in these tribomaterials is carried out. It is shown that among industrial copper alloys, brass of the L90 type, aluminum bronzes BrA5 and BrA7, and tin bronzes BrSnP4-0.25 and BrSnP6.5-0.15 have the greatest wear resistance in surface-active lubricants. Examples of the implementation of the selective transfer mode in tribo-pairs used in railway and motor transport are given.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140098018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Corrosion Inhibitors in Compositions of Friction Composites on Corrosion Resistance of the Metal Counterbody and Noise Generation during Friction 摩擦复合材料成分中的缓蚀剂对金属对撞体耐腐蚀性和摩擦噪音产生的影响

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068366623050082

{"title":"Effect of Corrosion Inhibitors in Compositions of Friction Composites on Corrosion Resistance of the Metal Counterbody and Noise Generation during Friction","authors":"","doi":"10.3103/s1068366623050082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068366623050082","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>In this paper, we study the effect of corrosion inhibitors in compositions of friction composites on corrosion processes and noise generation in friction units. Model composites containing complex corrosion inhibitors as target additives were prepared. Tribological tests of the friction composite were performed using the “plane-to-plane” scheme. Transfer films on the surface of a steel counterbody are shown to be formed predominantly by laminar wear particles of the composite with sizes up to 50 μm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data confirmed the presence in the transfer films of all elements related to the main components of the friction material, including corrosion inhibitors. Climatic tests were carried out. In a friction pair with a composite containing no corrosion inhibitor, continuous corrosion of the metal counterbody is shown to be predominant while pitting actively develops over time. The degree of corrosion damage to the surface reaches 90–95% of the nominal contact area. The introduction of a complex corrosion inhibitor into the composition of friction composites in an amount of 1.5–3.0 wt % was established to reduce the degree of corrosion damage to the nominal friction area of the metal counterbody by 20–35%. Outside the nominal friction area, the effect of reducing the degree of corrosion damage to the surface area of the metal counterbody by 50–60% was found. Triboacoustic tests were carried out on metal counterbodies subject to corrosion during climatic tests. Levels of sound pressure produced by the friction pair in the frequency range of 50 Hz–20 kHz are determined. The use of corrosion inhibitors was found to lead to a decrease in noise levels while the most significant decrease of 7–30 dB occurs in the high-frequency region of 6–20 kHz.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139649370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Production Modes on the Structure and Tribological Properties of Sintered Tin Bronze during Friction with Lubricant in Friction Units 生产模式对烧结锡青铜在摩擦装置中与润滑剂摩擦时的结构和摩擦学特性的影响

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068366623050057

{"title":"Influence of Production Modes on the Structure and Tribological Properties of Sintered Tin Bronze during Friction with Lubricant in Friction Units","authors":"","doi":"10.3103/s1068366623050057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068366623050057","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3> <strong>Abstract</strong>—</h3> <p>The results of a study on the influence of the modes of obtaining sintered BrO12 bronze on its structure, phase composition and tribological properties during friction with a lubricant are presented. It is shown that the phase composition of BrO12 bronze sintered for 5 min consists of a solid solution of tin in copper and inclusions of intermetallic phases δ-Cu41Sn11 and Cu81nSn22. An increase in the exposure time during sintering leads to an increase in the homogeneity of the solid solution of tin in copper, a decrease in the crystal lattice parameter of copper from 3.69 to 3.68 Å, an increase in the grain size from 2–5 µm at 5 min of sintering to 15–46 µm at 120 min, a decrease in the content of the intermetallic phase δ-Cu41Sn11, and the disappearance of the Cu81nSn22 phase at 60 min of sintering and the virtual absence of intermetallic compounds after sintering for 120 min. Tribological tests have shown that the friction coefficient of bronze sintered for 5 min at a pressure of 4 MPa varies from 0.08 to 0.03, and at 20 MPa, from 0.105 to 0.04, the average wear value at a pressure of 4 MPa and 20 MPa was 2.0 µm. The coefficient of friction at the above pressures of bronze sintered for 60 min was 0.11–0.036 and 0.095–0.023; 0.045 and 0.12–0.5, respectively, wear was 6.3 µm.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139649380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Performance of PTFE-Composites as Antifriction Layers in Supporting Parts with a Spherical Segment PTFE复合材料作为球形节段支撑件减摩层的性能评价

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068366623030029

A. A. Adamov, I. E. Keller, D. S. Petukhov, V. S. Kuzminykh, I. M. Patrakov, P. N. Grakovich, I. S. Shilko

{"title":"Evaluation of the Performance of PTFE-Composites as Antifriction Layers in Supporting Parts with a Spherical Segment","authors":"A. A. Adamov, I. E. Keller, D. S. Petukhov, V. S. Kuzminykh, I. M. Patrakov, P. N. Grakovich, I. S. Shilko","doi":"10.3103/S1068366623030029","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068366623030029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><h3>\u0000 <b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>For the primary assessment of the operability of a number of filled polymer composites based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a material of antifriction layers, Brinell hardness, stiffness under free compression up to 10% deformation, stiffness under tight compression up to 160 MPa, friction coefficients and resistance to reverse sliding according to the plane-by-plane scheme of polished austenitic stainless steel were studied at room temperature as a counterbody. Seven types of PTFE-based composites filled with coke, bronze, colloidal graphite, as well as modified carbon fiber with a fluoropolymer coating and various additives (composites of the Superfluvis family) were studied. According to the totality of indicators, the composites of the Superfluvis family are superior to materials filled with coke or bronze, and the material filled with colloidal graphite as the main filler did not pass the tests for resistance to reverse sliding. The performance of the Superfluvis composite based on PTFE PN90 in reverse sliding tests under the pressure of 65 MPa at a distance of 10 000 m has been confirmed.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution of the Structure of a Near-Surface Layer of an Aluminum Matrix Composite of the Al–Sn–Fe System under Dry Friction Against a Steel Counterbody Al–Sn–Fe系铝基复合材料在与钢制配重干摩擦下近表面层结构的演变

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3103/S106836662303008X

N. M. Rusin, A. L. Skorentsev, A. V. Chumaevskii

{"title":"Evolution of the Structure of a Near-Surface Layer of an Aluminum Matrix Composite of the Al–Sn–Fe System under Dry Friction Against a Steel Counterbody","authors":"N. M. Rusin, A. L. Skorentsev, A. V. Chumaevskii","doi":"10.3103/S106836662303008X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S106836662303008X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><h3>\u0000 <b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>An effect of friction forces on the structure and composition of the near-surface layer of an Al–13Sn–5Fe (at %) composite containing a large amount of agglomerates of FeAl<sub>3</sub> particles cemented with tin was studied. The investigated composite was prepared by sintering a mixture of Al, Sn, and Fe elemental powders in vacuum for 1 h at a temperature of 620°C and subsequent compaction in a closed die at a pressure of about 300 MPa and a temperature of 250°C. The counterbody was made of heat-resistant X40CrMoV5-1 steel and was a truncated steel cone with a helical surface. The speed of material points lying on the outer perimeter of the section of the rotating cone pressed against the composite was 0.36 and 0.54 m/s. The normal pressure on the end surface of the composite specimen was 16 and 32 MPa with a load on the cone of 150 and 300 kg, respectively. It was found that three layers are formed under the friction surface, which differ in the value of the accumulated deformation. The closer to the friction surface the layer is located, the narrower it is. The uppermost layer consists of highly crushed iron aluminide particles mixed with ultrafine tin and aluminum particles. It also contains a lot of oxygen in the form of fragments of oxide films, which is why it has a high microhardness, reaching 2000 MPa or more. The thickness of this layer increases with increasing processing pressure and reaches several hundred micrometers. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that pretreatment of the surface of aluminum matrix composites by smoothing with a flat steel counterbody leads to its charging. This fact will increase its wear resistance, however, the optimal mode of such processing and the shape of the processing tool require additional research.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Protective Coatings of Inserts on Cutting Forces during Milling of Hadfield Steel Hadfield钢铣削过程中刀片保护层对切削力的影响

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068366623030078

A. S. Pyatykh, A. V. Savilov, S. A. Timofeev, V. M. Svinin, I. G. Maizel

引用次数: 0

The Influence of the Spatial Organization of Carbon Nanostructures on Antiwear Characteristics of Model Lubricating Systems under a Hard Friction Mode 纳米碳结构的空间组织对硬摩擦模式下模型润滑系统抗磨特性的影响

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068366623030091

M. A. Shilov, A. I. Smirnova, L. N. Zhukova, A. A. Gvozdev, N. N. Rozhkova, T. P. Dyachkova, N. V. Usol’tseva

{"title":"The Influence of the Spatial Organization of Carbon Nanostructures on Antiwear Characteristics of Model Lubricating Systems under a Hard Friction Mode","authors":"M. A. Shilov, A. I. Smirnova, L. N. Zhukova, A. A. Gvozdev, N. N. Rozhkova, T. P. Dyachkova, N. V. Usol’tseva","doi":"10.3103/S1068366623030091","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068366623030091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The following carbon nanostructures (CNSs) are used: shungite nanocarbon (Sh), multilayered graphene oxide (GO), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Taunit-M), and fullerene C60. Medical Vaseline (MV) free from any additives or thickeners is used as a lubricant base. Tribological tests are carried out using a 2070 SMT-1 friction machine at a load of 2000 N. The roughness parameters of steel rollers before and after the tests are studied by profilometry. Detailed characteristics of contacting surfaces before and after friction are obtained by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The experimental data are analyzed using the Hertz and Johnson–Kendall–Roberts models. According to the data on efficiency coefficients <i>k</i><sub>ef</sub>, the studied dispersions are ranked as follows in the order of deterioration of antiwear properties: MV/GO (0.5 wt %), <i>k</i><sub>ef</sub> of 50% > MV/Taunit-M (1.5 wt %), <i>k</i><sub>ef</sub> of 40% > MV/C60 (0.5 wt %), <i>k</i><sub>ef</sub> of 15% > MV/Sh (0.5 wt %), <i>k</i><sub>ef</sub> of 5%, which is in agreement with the above-mentioned sequence of CNSs at low loads. The reason for the best and worst wear factors upon using CNSs in the dispersions under study and factors affecting the values of wear in the hard friction mode are considered. The results of the study can be a basis for the development of new plastic lubricating compositions with carbon nanostructure additives for use in heavily loaded friction units.</p>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improvement of Tribotechnical Parameters of Bronze Parts by Applying a Molybdenum Coating 应用钼涂层改善青铜零件的摩擦学参数

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068366623030030

V. B. Balyakin, S. V. Falaleev, D. E. Dolgih, A. A. Yurtaev

{"title":"Improvement of Tribotechnical Parameters of Bronze Parts by Applying a Molybdenum Coating","authors":"V. B. Balyakin, S. V. Falaleev, D. E. Dolgih, A. A. Yurtaev","doi":"10.3103/S1068366623030030","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068366623030030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><h3>\u0000 <b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>The results of experimental determination of the wear intensity coefficient and the friction coefficient in the steel-bronze BrNBT and steel–molybdenum coating contact are shown. To determine the tribotechnical parameters of the coating, experiments were carried out on a Tribometer TRB automated friction machine of the Swiss company ANTON PAAR according to the ball–disk scheme. It is shown that the average coefficient of friction for a sample with a molybdenum coating is almost two times lower than for a sample without a coating. With the help of the SURTRONIC 25 profile meter, a profilogram was obtained to determine the coefficient of wear intensity. At a run of 50,000 m, the coefficient of wear intensity for a sample made of BrNBT material without coating at a maximum contact voltage of 507 MPa is 2.48 × 10<sup>–4</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/m, and for a sample with a molybdenum coating was 1.98 × 10<sup>–5</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/m, which is 12.5 times less. Recommendations for the use of a molybdenum antifriction coating are given.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rotor-to-Stator Friction Simulation with Nonconstant Stiffness of the Contact Surfaces and Small Clearance between Them 具有接触面非恒定刚度和小间隙的转子-定子摩擦仿真

IF 0.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Friction and Wear Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068366623030066

A. N. Nikiforov

{"title":"Rotor-to-Stator Friction Simulation with Nonconstant Stiffness of the Contact Surfaces and Small Clearance between Them","authors":"A. N. Nikiforov","doi":"10.3103/S1068366623030066","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068366623030066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Analytical and numerical modeling approaches for the contact-working system of turbo- and electric machines have been developed. The simulation allows determining some dynamic characteristics and loads in the rotor–stator system when there is a loss in clearance between them and there occurs subsequent motions with impacts or without separation from each other. In the system, the rotor and stator are deformable, the stiffness of rubbing surfaces is variable, and the working clearance between them is extremely small (50–500 times less than the rotor radius at the contact point). It is shown that the effect of the absolute elasticity for stator generates a significant change in natural oscillations of the coupled rotor–stator system, that is, a significant change in its eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes. It is noted that the elastic deformation of rubbing surfaces leads to a nonlinear increase in their contact stiffness, which consists of quasi-static and dynamic components. The consequences of an extremely small clearance are an elastic deformation of the contact surfaces commensurate with it (up to half the clearance size at the point of contact) during whirling with slipping of rotor over stator, as well as the disappearance of pure rolling, which is accompanied by the actual absence of rotary speeds even at low frequencies of contact whirling. The resulting diagrams of changes in the contact stiffness and whirling frequencies and the <i>XY</i> trajectories can serve as sources of initial information for identifying the operation of a real rotary machine on the threshold of a dangerous whirling with slipping and whipping and for further studies of contact oscillations of rotors.</p>","PeriodicalId":633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Friction and Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0