Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in meat, poultry, fish and related product samples of Iran: a risk assessment study","authors":"Fariba Khalili,&nbsp;Nabi Shariatifar,&nbsp;Mohammad Hadi Dehghani,&nbsp;Kamyar Yaghmaeian,&nbsp;Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi,&nbsp;Mehdi Yaseri,&nbsp;Mojtaba Moazzen","doi":"10.1007/s40201-023-00854-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-023-00854-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>\u0000Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>Meat, poultry, and seafood such as fish are a valuable source of protein, vitamins and minerals. Considering their high consumption in the human diet, it is necessary to study pollutants (such as PAHs) in them. This present study has focused on the PAHs level and probabilistic risk of health in meat, poultry, fish and related product samples by MSPE-GC/MS technique (magnetic solid-phase extraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The maximum mean of 16 PAH was detected in smoked fish samples (222.7 ± 13.2 μg/kg) and the minimum mean of 16 PAH was detected in chicken (juje) kebab (112.9 ± 7.2 µg/kg μg/kg). The maximum mean of 4PAHs was detected in tuna fish (23.7 ± 2.4 µg/kg) and the minimum mean of 4PAHs was seen in grilled chicken and sausage samples (non-detected). Our results showed the 4PAHs and B[a]P were lower than the EU (European Union) standard levels (these standard levels were 30 and 5 μg/kg, respectively). Furthermore, the correlation among the type and concentrations of PAHs congeners was investigated through cluster analysis by heat map and principal component analysis. The 90^th percentile ILCR (incremental lifetime cancer risk) of PAH compounds in fish, poultry<b>,</b> meat and related products samples was 3.39E-06, which was lower than the maximum acceptable level of risk (10^–4). Finally, the highest ILCR was related to hamburger (4.45E-06). Therefore, there is no risk in consuming these foods in Iran, but it is necessary to monitor PAHs concentration in different types of foods.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"215 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-023-00854-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4888806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between metal(loid)s in serum and leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Chengchen Shen,&nbsp;Kui Zhang,&nbsp;Jingxuan Yang,&nbsp;Jingyi Shi,&nbsp;Chan Yang,&nbsp;Yanan Sun,&nbsp;Wenxing Yang","doi":"10.1007/s40201-023-00853-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-023-00853-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Heavy metals and metalloids are recognized as environmental threats, which are considered highly toxic and carcinogenic. Epidemiologically, their association with leukemia is under debate. We aim to clarify the association between the heavy metal(loid)s in serum and leukemia via a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We searched PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases for all related articles. The standardized mean difference and its 95% confidence interval was used to evaluate the association of leukemia with heavy metal(loid)s in serum. The statistical heterogeneity among studies was assessed with the Q-test and <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> statistics.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 4,119 articles related to metal(loid)s and leukemia, 21 studies met our inclusion criteria, which are all cross-sectional studies. These 21 studies involved 1,316 cases and 1,310 controls, based on which we evaluate the association of heavy metals/metalloids in serum with leukemia. Our results indicated positive differences for serum chromium, nickel, and mercury in leukemia patients, while a negative difference for serum manganese in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). </p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results suggested an elevated trend of serum chromium, nickel, and mercury concentrations in leukemia patients while descending trend of serum manganese concentration in ALL patients. The result of sensitivity analysis between lead, cadmium, and leukemia and publication bias of association between chromium and leukemia also needed attention. Future research work may focus on the dose-response relationship between any of these elements and the leukemia risks, and further elucidation of how these elements are related to leukemia may shed light on the prevention and treatment of leukemia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"201 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-023-00853-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4536385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response Surface Methodology (RSM) modelling for the photocatalytic optimization study of benzophenone removal using CuWO4/NiO nanocomposite","authors":"Chethan Rajesh,&nbsp;Rakshitha Rajashekara,&nbsp;Pallavi Nagaraju","doi":"10.1007/s40201-023-00852-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-023-00852-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emerging contaminants are posing a new water quality challenge, worldwide. The majority of pharmaceutical and personal care products used by us have been regarded as emerging contaminants. Benzophenone is one such chemical found in personal care products, specially in sunscreen creams as an UV-filter. Copper tungstate/nickel oxide (CuWO₄/NiO) nanocomposite with visible (LED) light irradiation has been investigated in degradation of benzophenone, in the present study. The co-precipitation approach was used to produce the aforementioned nanocomposite. XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, Zeta potential, and UV–Vis spectroscopy illustrated the structure, morphology, and other catalytic features. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize and simulate the photodegradation of benzophenone. Herein, catalyst dose, pH, initial pollutant concentration, and contact time were considered as the independent factor in the design of experiment (DoE) using RSM with percentage degradation as the dependent factor or as a response. The CuWO₄/NiO nanocomposite demonstrated high photocatalytic performance of 91.93% at pH = 11 with a pollutant concentration of 0.5 mg/L and a catalyst dose of 5 mg within 8 h under ideal circumstances. The RSM model was determined to be the most convincible with an R² value of 0.99 and a probability value (P-value) of 0.0033, respectively, with a agreeable projected and actual values. As a result, it is envisioned that this study may provide new avenue for developing a strategy to target such emerging contaminants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"187 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-023-00852-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4418823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and photocatalytic performance of Co doped ZnO nanoparticles biosynthesized using Annona Muricata leaf extract","authors":"P. S. Vindhya,&nbsp;Sandhya Suresh,&nbsp;R. Kunjikannan,&nbsp;V. T. Kavitha","doi":"10.1007/s40201-023-00851-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-023-00851-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, ZnO nanoparticles doped with 3%, 5% and 7% of cobalt have been synthesized by green method using <i>Annona muricata</i> leaf extract. The obtained nanopowder was characterised by XRD, FTIR, XPS, HRTEM, SAED, SEM, EDAX and UV–Visible spectroscopy techniques. XRD patterns confirm the formation of pure and Co doped ZnO nanoparticles with a hexagonal wurtzite structure with high phase purity. FTIR spectra indicate the stretching vibration of Zn–O at 495 cm⁻¹. The incorporation of Co²⁺ ions into the ZnO lattice was identified by XPS analysis. EDX spectra confirm the existence of Co, Zn and O elements. The SEM and HRTEM micrographs show morphology of nanoparticles. The optical study specifies a decrease in energy band gap with an increase in Co-doping concentration. The photocatalytic performance of ZnO and Zn_0.93Co_0.07O has been examined for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under sunlight irradiation. The antimicrobial activity of synthesized nanoparticles against <i>s.aureus</i>, <i>p.aeruginosa</i>, <i>b.subtilis</i> bacterial strains <i>c.albicans</i> and <i>a.niger</i> fungal strains as investigated. The Zn_0.93Co_0.07O nanoparticles exhibit good antioxidant properties. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles was evaluated against L929 normal fibroblast cells. So, this work suggests that <i>Annona muricata</i> leaf extract mediated pure and Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles are a potential candidate for biomedical and photocatalytic applications.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"167 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-023-00851-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4118941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Distribution and human health hazard appraisal with special reference to chromium in soils from Peenya industrial area, Bengaluru City, South India","authors":"Gunnam Venkata Ratnalu,&nbsp;Ratnakar Dhakate,&nbsp;Shekhar More","doi":"10.1007/s40201-023-00848-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-023-00848-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"293 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-023-00848-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5115894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safer school with near-UV technology: novel applications for environmental hygiene","authors":"G. Messina,&nbsp;R. Bosco,&nbsp;D. Amodeo,&nbsp;N. Nante,&nbsp;I. De Palma,&nbsp;C. Petri,&nbsp;G. Cevenini","doi":"10.1007/s40201-023-00850-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-023-00850-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Systems capable of disinfecting air and surfaces could reduce the risk of infectious diseases transmission. Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of near-UV LED ceiling lamps, with a wavelength of 405 nm, in improving environmental hygiene. Between November and December 2020, we conducted an experimental study having a pre-post design in a kindergarten room in Siena where 4 ceiling lamps with 405 nm LED technology were installed. Twice per day, sampling was performed before (T0) and after treatment with near-UV (T1). We used between 8 and 12 pairs of contact plates to sample at various random spots each day. Air samplings were also performed. The plates were incubated at 22 and 36 °C. Significance was set at 95% (p &lt; 0.05). The mean level of Colony Forming Unit (CFU) at T(0) was 249 (95% CI 193.1 – 305.0) at 36 °C and 535.2 (374.3 – 696.1) at 22 °C. The reduction was significant at T(1): by 65% at 36 °C and, 72% at 22 °C. Also, for air contamination: 95.3% (98.4—92.3). A dose threshold of about 5 J/cm² was identified to have an 80% CFU abatement and remains nearly constant. The advantage of being able to use this technology in the presence of people is very important in the context of controlling environmental contamination.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"157 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-023-00850-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5404571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace metal contamination status in soils of the abandoned gold mining district of Bindiba (East Cameroon): Pollution indices assessment, multivariate analysis and; geostatistical approach","authors":"Martin Mozer Njayou,&nbsp;Mouhamed Ngounouno Ayiwouo,&nbsp;Ismaila Ngounouno","doi":"10.1007/s40201-023-00849-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-023-00849-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>In this study, contamination by trace metals (TMs) such as Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Pb and Sb in the soils of the Bindiba mining district was assessed. This study aims to reveal the current status of the soil quality of the abandoned gold mining district of Bindiba and provide a scientific basis for its future remediation and overall management. 89 soil samples were systematically collected and characterized in order to determine the concentration of TMs (Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Pb and Sb). To assess the degree of metallic contamination, pollution indices were employed. Both multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) and geostatistical modelling (GM) were used to identify the potential sources of TMs elements and to determine the values of the modified contamination degree (mCd), the Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI) and the potential ecological risk index (RI) at un-sampled points. The results of trace metals (TMEs) characterization showed that the concentration of Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Pb and Sb ranged from 22.15–442.44 mg/kg, 9.25–360.37 mg/kg, 1.28–320.86 mg/kg, 0–46.58 mg/kg, 0–53.27 mg/kg and 0–6.33 mg/kg, respectively. The mean concentration of Cr, Cu and Ni exceeds the continental geochemical background values. The Enrichment Factor (EF) assessment indicates two categories of enrichment: moderately to extremely enrichment for Cr, Ni, and Cu and deficiency to minimal enrichment of Pb, As and Sb. Multivariate statistical analysis shows weak linear correlations between the studied heavy metals and suggests that these metals could not come from the same origins. The geostatistical modelling based on the values of mCd, NI and RI suggests a potential high pollution risk existed in the study area. The mCd, NPI and RI interpolation maps showed that the Northern part of the gold mining district was characterized by a high degree of contamination, heavy pollution, and considerable ecological risk. The dispersion of TMs in soils could mainly be attributed to anthropogenic activities and natural phenomena (chemical weathering or erosion). Appropriate measures should be taken to manage and remediate the TMs pollution in this abandoned gold mining district in order to reduce its negative effects on the environment and health of the local population.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"143 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-023-00849-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4890355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"As(III) removal from aqueous solutions using simultaneous oxidation and adsorption process by hierarchically magnetic flower-like Fe3O4@C-dot@MnO2 nanocomposite","authors":"Uttam Kumar Sahu,&nbsp;Jinsong Chen,&nbsp;Hui Ma,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar Sahu,&nbsp;Sandip Mandal,&nbsp;Bo Lai,&nbsp;Shengyan Pu","doi":"10.1007/s40201-022-00834-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-022-00834-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>In the present study, a magnetic flower-like Fe₃O₄@C-dot@MnO₂ nanocomposite was synthesized by hydrothermal method and applied for As(III) removal by oxidation and adsorption process. Individual property of the entire material (i.e. magnetic property of Fe₃O₄, mesoporous surface property of C-dot and oxidation property of MnO₂) make the composite efficient with good adsorption capacity for As(III) adsorption. The Fe₃O₄@C-dot@MnO₂ nanocomposite had a saturation magnetization of 26.37 emu/g and it magnetically separated within 40 s. The Fe₃O₄@C-dot@MnO₂ nanocomposite was able to reduce the 0.5 mg/L concentration of As(III) to 0.001 mg/L in just 150 min at pH 3. Pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model agreed with experimental data. The uptake capacity of Fe₃O₄@C-dot@MnO₂ nanocomposite was 42.68 mg/g. The anions like chloride, sulphate and nitrate did not show any effect on removal but carbonate and phosphate influenced the As(III) removal rate. Regeneration was studied with NaOH and NaClO solution and the adsorbent was used for repeated five cycles above 80% removal capacity. The XPS studies proposed that As(III) first oxidized to As(V) then adsorb on the composite surface. This study shows the potential applicability of Fe₃O₄@C-dot@MnO₂ nanocomposite to high extent and gives a suitable path for the proficient removal of As(III) from wastewater.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"47 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-022-00834-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5115096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradation of petroleum wastewater for the production of bioelectricity using activated sludge biomass","authors":"Anwar Ahmad,&nbsp;Alaya Said Senaidi,&nbsp;Amal S. Al-Rahbi,&nbsp;Salam K. Al-dawery","doi":"10.1007/s40201-022-00846-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-022-00846-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This research is based on the treatment of petroleum wastewater (PWW) with pretreated activated sludge for the production of electricity and removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) using microbial fuel cell (MFC).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The application of the MFC system which uses activated sludge biomass (ASB) as a substrate resulted in the reduction of COD by 89.5% of the original value. It generated electricity equivalent to 8.18 mA/m² which can be reused again. This would solve the majority of environmental crises which we are facing today.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This study discusses the application of ASB to enhance the degradation of PWW for the production of a power density of 1012.95 mW/m² when a voltage of 0.75 V (voltage) is applied at 30:70% of ASB when MFC is operated in a continuous mode. Microbial biomass growth was catalyzed using activated sludge biomass. The growth of microbes was observed by scanning through an electron microscope. Through oxidation in the MFC system, bioelectricity is generated which is used in the cathode chamber. Furthermore, the MFC operated using ASB in a ratio of 35 with the current density, which decreased to 494.76 mW/m² at 10% ASB.</p><h3>Application</h3><p>Our experiments demonstrate that the efficiency of the MFC system can generate bioelectricity and treat petroleum wastewater by using activated sludge biomass.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"133 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-022-00846-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4998350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-based fractionation of biomass in a biological nutrient removal system and its effect on the removal efficiencies","authors":"Neslihan Manav-Demir","doi":"10.1007/s40201-022-00845-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40201-022-00845-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fractionation of active biomass in a five-stage Bardenpho process was accomplished using an MS Excel wastewater treatment plant modeling tool based on Activated Sludge Model No. 3 extended with a bio-P module. The biomass fractions within the treatment system were predicted as autotrophs, ordinary heterotrophs, and phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs). Several simulations were performed in a Bardenpho process using various C/N/P ratios in primary effluent. Biomass fractionation was obtained from steady-state simulation results. The results suggest that the mass percentage of autotrophs, heterotrophs, and PAOs in active biomass range from 1.7 to 7.8%, 5.7–69.0%, and 23.2–92.6%, respectively, depending on characteristics of primary effluent. Results of principal component analysis showed that TKN/COD ratio in primary effluent determines the population of autotrophs and ordinary heterotrophs whereas PAO population is mainly a function of TP/COD ratio.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"123 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40201-022-00845-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4998206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}