安全科学与韧性(英文)最新文献_第8页

Discussing the development of domestic and foreign fire protection technical regulation and fire protection technical standard systems 浅谈国内外消防技术法规和消防技术标准体系的发展

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.10.002

Xuan Sun, Na Cai, Wei Zhang

引用次数: 3

Review of analyses on crowd-gathering risk and its evaluation methods 人群聚集风险分析及其评价方法综述

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.10.004

Wenguo Weng , Jiayue Wang , Liangchang Shen , Yushan Song

引用次数: 4

Concepts, models, and indicator systems for urban safety resilience: A literature review and an exploration in China 城市安全韧性的概念、模型和指标体系——国内文献综述与探索

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.10.003

Hong Huang , Ruiqi Li , Wan Wang , Tingxin Qin , Rui Zhou , Weicheng Fan

{"title":"Concepts, models, and indicator systems for urban safety resilience: A literature review and an exploration in China","authors":"Hong Huang , Ruiqi Li , Wan Wang , Tingxin Qin , Rui Zhou , Weicheng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Safety resilient city is a frontier concept of urban safety development and a hot topic in the field of urban safety research. In this paper, the relevant research results of domestic and foreign scholars are reviewed from the perspectives of concepts and models, the evaluation indicator system of urban safety resilience is compared in terms of risk types, evaluation objects, evaluation dimensions and quantitative methods, and the development of international standards for resilient cities is discussed. Based on the literature review, the connotation of the triangular theoretical model of urban safety resilience is explained, and an urban safety resilience evaluation index system applicable to Chinese cities is proposed, which provides support for the development of the national standard “Guide for safety resilient city evaluation” (GB/T 40947-2021). It is applied to six representative cities as examples for evaluation to explore the direction of Chinese urban safety resilience improvement. The pathway for improving the safety resilience of Chinese cities is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":62710,"journal":{"name":"安全科学与韧性(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45030630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effect of impact velocity on molten aluminum and copper droplets igniting expanded polystyrene foam 冲击速度对铝和铜熔滴点燃膨胀聚苯乙烯泡沫的影响

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.005

Wenjie Yang, Rui Yang, Zishan Gao, Zhenxiang Tao, Jian Wang

{"title":"Effect of impact velocity on molten aluminum and copper droplets igniting expanded polystyrene foam","authors":"Wenjie Yang, Rui Yang, Zishan Gao, Zhenxiang Tao, Jian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hot molten metal droplets with high fire hazard can easily ignite combustibles. Molten metal kinetics on the surface of a combustible material directly affects the ignition likelihood. Existing research focuses on the behavior of droplets during collisions, rarely addressing the ignition of combustibles by hot metal droplets. Here, the mechanisms of aluminum and copper droplets impinging on and igniting extended polystyrene (EPS) foam boards at different velocities were investigated. The relationship between the critical ignition temperature and impact velocity of droplets with diameters of 6 and 8 mm was experimentally studied for aluminum droplets; the critical ignition temperature non-monotonically depended on the impact velocity. For copper droplets, the relationship between the ignition probability and the impact velocity of droplets with diameters in the 3.5–7 mm range was experimentally studied. The most obvious difference between the two droplet ignition types was that the impact of copper droplets was accompanied by intense splashing, and the fragmentation extent positively correlated with the impact velocity. It was challenging to ignite using completely broken copper droplets. Droplets with the diameter of 5 mm were the most dangerous under the experimental conditions of this study, because the foam could still be ignited at higher impact velocities. Numerical simulations suggested that the main factors explaining the critical ignition temperature of aluminum droplets were gas mixing and splat cooling. The main factor affecting the ignition of copper droplets was fragmentation, and experimental observations were explained using non-dimensional droplet fragmentation theories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":62710,"journal":{"name":"安全科学与韧性(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43993596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A comprehensive multi‐hazard risk assessment model for an urban agglomeration with multiple factors 城市群多因素多灾害综合风险评价模型

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.008

Changkun Chen , Dongyue Zhao , Fan He , Fenglin Sun

{"title":"A comprehensive multi‐hazard risk assessment model for an urban agglomeration with multiple factors","authors":"Changkun Chen , Dongyue Zhao , Fan He , Fenglin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To assist the Department of Emergency Management in understanding the overall risk characteristics and situation of an urban agglomeration for a reasonable risk prevention and control strategy, this study developed a comprehensive multi-hazard risk assessment model for an urban agglomeration with multiple factors. The proposed model includes disaster probability and disaster loss sub-models. The model evaluated four types of disaster risk in urban agglomerations: natural disasters, accidental disasters, public health incidents, and social security incidents. In addition, a variety of factors were integrated into the model, including the socioeconomic foundation of urban agglomerations, the oligopoly effect of core cities, historical disaster losses, the effect of disaster chains, the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation, and intercity coordinated rescue capabilities. Finally, the risk assessment model was applied to the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration. The assessment results were compared to the distribution of the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic in the target urban agglomeration. The results showed that after analyzing the risk characteristics and evaluating the risk levels, the model not only showed the comprehensive risk levels and distribution of urban agglomerations but also revealed the high-risk areas and the key points of risk prevention and control. More importantly, the results obtained through the model can facilitate the strategic planning of disaster prevention and mitigation for urban agglomerations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":62710,"journal":{"name":"安全科学与韧性(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42636290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Notions of resilience and qualitative evaluation of tsunami resiliency using the theory of springs 复原力的概念和利用弹簧理论对海啸复原力的定性评估

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.002

Dinil Pushpalal , Peter John Wanner , Keunyoung Pak

{"title":"Notions of resilience and qualitative evaluation of tsunami resiliency using the theory of springs","authors":"Dinil Pushpalal , Peter John Wanner , Keunyoung Pak","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study revisits the concept of resilience by critically reviewing the contents of previous literature. Furthermore, it explains a new methodology for measuring resilience based on the theory of springs and qualitatively appraises the resiliency of Minamisanriku town as a case study. Minamisanriku is a tiny coastal town located in the northeastern part of the Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The town was affected by an earthquake on March 11, 2011, with a magnitude of 9.0, followed by a tsunami. According to the authors’ previously proposed conceptual framework, resilience should be considered by dividing it into three components: onsite capacity, instantaneous survivability, and the recovery potentiality of an area. Each component of the framework depends on two or three factors that can be measured using different indicators and sub-indicators. Onsite capacity is the ability of a given place to withstand a tsunami before it arrives, and it has been considered indispensable for the prevention of a tsunami. Instantaneous survivability is the power to be alive at the point of a disaster climax. Returning speed to its normal daily routines once a catastrophe is over is called recovery potentiality. It is understood that strengthening onsite capacity by moving residences to higher ground, building seawalls and paved roads, relocation of fishing industry infrastructure, and land elevation in Minamisanriku town makes it a benchmark for resilient cities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":62710,"journal":{"name":"安全科学与韧性(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42391980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Study on single-group dynamics in evacuation considering pre-defined and undeclared leadership 考虑预定义和未声明领导的疏散中的单组动力学研究

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.007

Wei Xie , Dongli Gao , Ruifeng Cao , Eric Wai Ming Lee , Richard Kwok Kit Yuen , Jingwen Weng

{"title":"Study on single-group dynamics in evacuation considering pre-defined and undeclared leadership","authors":"Wei Xie , Dongli Gao , Ruifeng Cao , Eric Wai Ming Lee , Richard Kwok Kit Yuen , Jingwen Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Grouping is a common phenomenon that occurs everywhere. The leader-follower relationship inside groups has often been qualitatively characterized in previous models using simple heuristics. However, a general method is lacking to quantitatively explain leadership in an evacuating group. To understand the evolution of single-group dynamics throughout an evacuation, we developed an extended social force model integrated with a group force. A series of single-group evacuations from a room were simulated. An information-theoretic method, transfer entropy (TE), was applied to detect predefined and undeclared leadership among evacuees. The results showed that the predefined leader was correctly detected by TE, suggesting its capability in measuring leadership based on time series of evacuees’ movement information (e.g., velocity and acceleration). When evacuees were grouped together, TE was higher than when they were alone. Leaders presented a monotonically increasing cumulative influence curve over the investigated period, whereas followers showed a diminishing tendency. We found that leadership emergence correlated with evacuees’ spatial positions. The individual located in the foremost part of the group was most likely to become a leader of those in the rear, which concurred with the experimental observations. We observed how a large group split into smaller ones with undeclared leadership during evacuation. These observations were quantitatively verified by TE results. This study provides novel insights into quantifying leadership and understanding single-group dynamics during evacuations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":62710,"journal":{"name":"安全科学与韧性(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48267572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The prediction of exit choice using cumulative prospect value 利用累积前景值预测退出选择

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.003

Dongli Gao , Wei Xie , Ruifeng Cao , Eric Wai Ming Lee , Richard Kwok Kit Yuen , Jingwen Weng

引用次数: 1

Development of an agent-based indoor evacuation model for local fire risks analysis 基于agent的室内疏散局部火灾风险分析模型的建立

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.09.006

Rui Feng Cao , Eric Wai Ming Lee , Wei Xie , Dong Li Gao , Qian Chen , Anthony Chun Yin Yuen , Guan Heng Yeoh , Richard-Kwok-Kit Yuen

引用次数: 2

Volunteer rescue dispatch during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 epidemic: Using the recruitment of volunteers for pneumonia epidemic prevention and control in Chun'an County as an example 2019冠状病毒病疫情期间的志愿救援调度——以淳安县肺炎疫情防控志愿者招募为例

安全科学与韧性(英文) Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.08.001

Liting Chen , Shengqun Chen , Jing Zheng , Jianqing Gao

{"title":"Volunteer rescue dispatch during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 epidemic: Using the recruitment of volunteers for pneumonia epidemic prevention and control in Chun'an County as an example","authors":"Liting Chen , Shengqun Chen , Jing Zheng , Jianqing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To solve the problem of volunteer dispatch during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, a many-to-many two-sided matching volunteer dispatch method based on an improved predator-search algorithm is proposed. First, different evaluation index sets for volunteers and rescue tasks were developed, and weightings were determined using the analytic hierarchy process. Subsequently, the actual and expected values of the different indicators of the two parties were determined, and the triangular fuzzy number was used to calculate the satisfaction of the two parties. Based on this number, we used a linear weighting method to calculate the combined satisfaction and build a many-to-many two-sided matching model according to the demands of both parties. Subsequently, an improved predator-search algorithm was used to solve the model. Finally, taking the recruitment of volunteers for pneumonia epidemic prevention and control in Chun'an County as an example, the method proposed in our study was verified. A comparison and analysis of the results further demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of this method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":62710,"journal":{"name":"安全科学与韧性(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666449622000433/pdfft?md5=3edc47dc3aa572fa188ec6507e77aad8&pid=1-s2.0-S2666449622000433-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48172895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1