Journal of Electronic Materials最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing Charge Carriers by Designing CeO2/WO3 Heterojunction for Degradation of Copper(II) Complex and Supercapacitor Studies","authors":"R. Silambarasan,&nbsp;D. Venkatesh,&nbsp;K. Umavathy,&nbsp;S. Pavalamalar,&nbsp;Uttej Siva Sai Sundar Perisetti,&nbsp;K. Anbalagan","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12347-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12347-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CeO₂/WO₃ nanocomposites, with CeO₂ and WO₃ nanospheres, were synthesized and fully characterized by a modified hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic and adsorption capacity were tested using <i>[Cu(2-Pic)</i>_<i>2</i><i>(2-EtIm)]Cl</i>_<i>2</i> as the model pollutant in water and a mixture of water-acetonitrile (80:20 v/v). CeO₂/WO₃ showed better photocatalytic performance due to improved charge separation and interfacial transfer, achieving a rate constant of 0.0568 compared to 0.0365 and 0.0437 s⁻¹ for CeO₂ and WO₃, respectively. The solvent molecules acted as scavengers in the photocatalytic process of Cu(II). Electrochemical studies using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge tests, and impedance spectroscopy revealed high specific capacitance and excellent cyclic stability for the CeO₂/WO₃ composites, highlighting their dual potential in environmental and energy applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9974 - 9992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach for Production of Methylammonium Iodide for Emerging Perovskite-Based Photovoltaics","authors":"Jitendra Bahadur,&nbsp;Veerpratap Meena,&nbsp;Pavan Kumar Meena,&nbsp;S. Kamatchi,&nbsp;Azra Praveen,&nbsp;Satyendra Kumar Mourya,&nbsp;Kartikey Verma,&nbsp;Dong-Won Kang","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12368-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12368-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The photovoltaic performance of lead halide-based perovskite materials has been growing at an unprecedented rate. The current certified efficiency of perovskite solar cell is found to be 26.70% using solution processable technology, which makes it a potential candidate to replace expensive, commercialized polycrystalline-silicon-based photovoltaic technology. In the work described herein, we developed a suitable approach for synthesis of methylammonium iodide (CH₃NH₃I, MAI) using NH₄OH and HI and CH₃OH as precursors. x-Ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) characterization techniques were used to analyze structural and morphological properties of synthesized CH₃NH₃I. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of CH₃NH₃I phase. The FESEM images displayed the micron-cuboid-like morphology of the synthesized MAI. The CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (MAPbI₃) conventional perovskite was developed through mixing of synthesized MAI and PbI₂. The formed MAPbI₃ perovskite exhibited excellent optoelectronic properties. The assembled perovskite solar cell showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.01% using synthesized MAI. These results suggest that the synthesized MAI was successfully developed using a novel approach, which is promising for large-scale production of conventional perovskite solar cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9993 - 10001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the Power Factor of FeSi2 Alloy by Achieving Flower-Like Surface Morphology Using Post-Growth Annealing","authors":"M. Yasir Ali,&nbsp;Ausaf Ahmed,&nbsp;A. Ali,&nbsp;Azhar Mehmood,&nbsp;M. Sharafat Hussain,&nbsp;Chun-Ming Wang,&nbsp;K. Mahmood","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12312-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12312-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we have successfully optimized the power factor value for an FeSi₂ alloy by achieving a flower-like surface morphology. The samples used in this study were prepared using a solid-state reaction method. Fe and Si powders were mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1, and pellets were formed using a high-pressure press. The pellets were annealed at different temperatures in the range of 500–1000°C for 1 h using an air muffle furnace. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirmed the tetragonal lattice structure of all samples, and it was further evident that the crystal structure degraded as the annealing temperature increased to 900°C and 1000°C. A very high Seebeck coefficient (470 µV/K) was achieved for the sample annealed at 1000°C due to the emergence of a flower-like surface morphology with high-temperature annealing, as verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. On the other hand, electrical conductivity data suggested a decreasing trend with annealing temperature, because oxide-based insulating phases developed at a high annealing temperature due to the involvement of oxygen during the annealing process. However, the decreasing trend in electrical conductivity is not as great as the increasing behaviour of the Seebeck coefficient. Therefore, an optimized power factor value (3.5 × 10⁻⁵ W/m·K²) was achieved at the optimal annealing temperature of 700°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9695 - 9699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled Electrochemical-Mechanical Modeling and Simulation of a Two-Dimensional Fully Heterogeneous Lithium-Ion Battery","authors":"Haoran Wang,&nbsp;Peichao Li","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12346-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12346-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, an electrochemical–mechanical coupling model is established for a two-dimensional, fully heterogeneous lithium-ion battery. The positive and negative active particles in the model follow a particle size distribution, while the binder and electrolyte are regarded as homogeneous phases. The heterogeneous geometrical model is first randomly generated using MATLAB and numerically simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics, and the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the positive and negative electrodes are analyzed. Subsequently, the effects of key parameters in the heterogeneous model on the electrochemical and solid mechanical properties of the battery are explored. Specifically, the effects of particle size, percentage of small particles, and particle variance on the multiplicity performance, mass transfer process, local current density, and stress–strain of the battery are investigated. The results show that the fully heterogeneous model constructed in this study exhibits higher simulation accuracy than the semi-heterogeneous model. Negative electrode particles endure greater mechanical stresses (von Mises stresses), strains, and displacements than positive electrodes due to material and distribution characteristics. Increasing the small-particle proportion (&gt; 40%) significantly enhances rate capability, while reduced particle size variance (<span>(sigma^{2} = 0.1)</span>) simultaneously improves both electrochemical performance and mechanical stability (30.39% lower maximum stress), demonstrating an inverse correlation between variance and overall battery performance. For optimal performance, heterogeneous models should incorporate both a high proportion of small particles and a narrow size distribution. This configuration enhances electrochemical uniformity, improves rate capability, and ensures superior mechanical stability. These findings provide critical guidelines for optimizing heterogeneous electrode design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9960 - 9973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realization of High Figure of Merit in Fe/Ni co-Doped SnO2 Nanoparticles by the Engineering of Charge and Phonon Transport","authors":"M. Yasir Ali,&nbsp;Najaf Abbas Khan,&nbsp;A. Ali,&nbsp;M. Shujaat Hussain,&nbsp;K. Mahmood","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12290-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12290-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This manuscript reports a high figure of merit (ZT) of 0.95 for tin dioxide (SnO₂) nanoparticles achieved through engineering of the electronic charge and phonon transport. Co-doping of Fe/Ni atoms is introduced to enhance the lattice scattering, while a post-growth annealing technique is used to enhance the charge transport to achieve the highest power factor value. Un-doped and Fe/Ni co-doped SnO₂ nanoparticles are synthesized via a hydrothermal method and subsequently annealed at different temperatures ranging from 600°C to 900°C in steps of 100°C. It is observed that the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient exhibited a substantial increase from 112 to 150 S/cm and 98 to 132 µV/°C, respectively, as the annealing temperature increased to 900°C. This behavior is supposed to be linked with imparting the thermal energy to charge carriers that may enhance charge carrier transport. An appreciable decrease in the observed thermal conductivity is supposed to be associated with enhanced phonon scattering at the interface of excessively available secondary phase domains in the crystal structure of SnO₂. This enhancement in power factor (2.5 × 10⁻² W/m °C²) and substantial decrease in thermal conductivity (203.55W/m °C) resulted in a ZT value of 0.95. To the best of our knowledge, this reported value of ZT for Fe/Ni co-doped SnO₂ nanoparticles is the highest value reported in the literature to date.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9686 - 9694"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible Light-Assisted Photocatalyst-Free Synthesis, Characterization, Theoretical, and Nonlinear Optical Performance of a New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivative","authors":"Ahmed Majeed Jassem,&nbsp;C. A. Emshary,&nbsp; Bahjat A. Saeed,&nbsp;H. A. Sultan,&nbsp; Qusay M. A. Hassan","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12339-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12339-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A simple and efficient protocol was developed for the visible light-induced cyclization of a hydrazone derivative to afford a new 3-acetyl-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative <b>6</b>(C₁₇H₁₄N₂O₄). The protocol proceeded smoothly, with high yield of the target product at room temperature in the absence of any photocatalysts under an air atmosphere. After structural optimization of the target derivative <b>6</b>, its efficiency was elucidated using density functional theory (DFT)-assisted calculations with two functional hybrids, B3LYP/cc-pVTZ and M062X/cc-pVTZ, to verify the important electronic descriptors including highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) as frontier orbitals, Δ<i>E</i>_gap (<i>E</i> _HOMO − <i>E</i> _LUMO), polarizability, and hyperpolarizability. The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the target derivative <b>6</b> were studied using the diffraction patterns (DPs) and Z-scan methods. DPs were formed due to the interference of beams emanating from enormous points on the laser beam wave front and on the semitransparent screen situated in the far field related to the sample cell. In the closed aperture Z-scan case, we observed the phenomenon of self-defocusing (SDF) of the laser beam transmitted from the target sample. The origin of the nonlinearity shown by the sample was thermal due to the use of a continuous-wave (CW) laser beam. At the maximum power input, the number of the formed rings and the Z-scan were utilized to obtain two values of the nonlinear refractive index (NLRI), <i>n</i>₂, i.e., 5.9949 × 10⁻⁷ and 0.344 × 10⁻⁷ cm²/W, respectively. By applying 473 nm as the controlling beam and 532 and 635 nm as the controlled beams, both static and dynamic all-optical switching (AOS) were studied.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9939 - 9959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Energy Storage and Electrode Scalability in Au/PVDF Composite Films Through Al2O3 Interface Engineering","authors":"Peicong Yang,&nbsp;Xiucai Wang,&nbsp;Wenbo Zhu,&nbsp;Pan Wang,&nbsp;Baoyu Du,&nbsp;Huidong Wang,&nbsp;Jianwen Chen,&nbsp;Xinmei Yu,&nbsp;Min Chen,&nbsp;Shuwen Luo,&nbsp;Yu Huang,&nbsp;Shikuan Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12327-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12327-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interfacial effects and surface defects play a significant role in determining the properties of dielectric films. In this study, Au/PVDF films were fabricated using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the polymer matrix and gold (Au) nanoparticles as fillers. Additionally, Al₂O₃–Au/PVDF films (AO-Au/PVDF) were produced by depositing a layer of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) onto the film surfaces through magnetron sputtering. The interfacial interactions between the Al₂O₃ layer and the Au/PVDF film, along with the role of Al₂O₃ in mitigating surface defects, were investigated concerning dielectric properties, real-time breakdown morphology on electrode surfaces, breakdown strength, and energy storage density at electrode sizes of 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, and 8 mm. Compared to Au/PVDF films, AO-Au/PVDF films demonstrated relatively fewer breakdown points on their electrode surfaces. The breakdown strength improved by 7.7%, 8.8%, 6.3%, and 8.2% for the respective electrode sizes; consequently, this enhancement resulted in an increase in energy storage density. The incorporation of an Al₂O₃ layer effectively reduced surface defects within the film while decreasing the occurrence of partial breakdown points. This improvement contributed to enhanced breakdown strength and energy storage density while facilitating compatibility with larger-sized electrodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9928 - 9938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in Multifunctional Tunable Terahertz Metasurface Waveplates","authors":"Xinru Zhang,&nbsp;Zhiyao Wang,&nbsp;Yandong Gong","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12320-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12320-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Terahertz (THz) waves, as electromagnetic radiation situated between microwaves and optical waves, possess distinct advantages including strong penetration capability, low photon energy, broad bandwidth, and fingerprint spectral characteristics, demonstrating significant application potential in the fields of communication, imaging, and sensing. This paper elaborates on multifunctional tunable terahertz metasurface waveplates that incorporate various tuning mechanisms including electrical, optical, thermal, mechanical, and chemical modulation to achieve dynamic multifunctional integration. These waveplates not only demonstrate efficient polarization conversion and beam manipulation across broad bandwidths, but also exhibit advantages of low loss, high efficiency, reconfigurability, and integration capability. Although current research still faces challenges including fabrication difficulties in low-frequency bands, relatively high loss in high-frequency ranges, and the need for improved response speed and tuning range of modulation mechanisms, the development and applications of dynamically tunable terahertz metasurface waveplates remain critically important, with expected breakthroughs in tuning range, response speed, performance optimization, and integration, thereby providing crucial support for advancing terahertz technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9429 - 9450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deutsch Quantum Algorithm-Based Detection of Internal Fault in a Transformer","authors":"Surajit Chattopadhyay,&nbsp;Aditya Narayan Banerjee,&nbsp;Aritra Chattopadhyay,&nbsp;Santanu Chattopadhyay,&nbsp;Goutam Dalapati","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12306-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12306-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper deals with a quantum algorithm for internal fault detection of a classical electrical system. Quantum computing is growing rapidly, offering many computational advantages along with enhanced security options. In this work, an attempt has been made to resolve a well-known classical problem using quantum computation. A classical system consisting of a multiphase transformer connected with power and load buses has been considered as a system. The objective has been set to detect whether any internal fault has occurred in the system. Though a classical solution exists using a differential protection scheme, here the same problem has been detected using a quantum algorithm. The result and analysis show that the system at healthy and fault conditions can be modeled using a quantum circuit, and together with a quantum algorithm, can be effectively applied to detect whether the fault has occurred internally to the system. Use of quantum computation-based fault discrimination involves less computational complexity. Moreover, the proposed quantum monitoring system can be used for fault detection that inherently offers secure transmission of fault information in quantum states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9537 - 9545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral Investigations of Thermally Stable Pr3+-Embedded Zinc Borophosphate Glasses for Optoelectronic Applications","authors":"Tushar Singh,&nbsp;Vertika Siwach,&nbsp;M. Jayasimhadri,&nbsp;K. Pavani","doi":"10.1007/s11664-025-12307-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-025-12307-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zinc borophosphate (NBZPB) glasses embedded with various Pr³⁺ ion concentrations were formed through a melt quenching procedure. The thermal, structural, optical, and photoluminescence (PL) features of the glasses were studied in detail. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was employed to assess the thermal stability of the glass host composition. X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles were utilized to verify the non-crystalline nature of the formed glasses. The optical qualities of the formed NBZPBPr glass matrices were computed with the help of the optical absorption profiles. Furthermore, when stimulated with blue radiation at a wavelength of 446 nm, the emission profiles of the formed NBZPBPr glasses exhibit an intense orange-red emission (602 nm) in the visible region. The chromaticity characteristics, including color coordinates (<i>x</i>, <i>y</i>), color purity (CP), and correlated color temperature (CCT), of the optimized glass were examined under selected blue excitation. Moreover, the temperature-dependent photoluminescence (TDPL) analysis demonstrated that the titled glass matrix has excellent thermal stability. These findings confirm that the formed NBZPBPr glasses could be a potential candidate for optoelectronic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"54 11","pages":"9571 - 9580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}