Journal of Electronic Materials最新文献

{"title":"Ab Initio Modeling of MgXIr2 (X = Al, Ga, In, Si): A Multifaceted Study on Physical Properties","authors":"Songül Oğlakçi,&nbsp;Cevat Aksu,&nbsp;Murat Çanli,&nbsp;Nihat Arikan","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12782-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12782-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a comprehensive <i>ab initio</i> investigation of the structural, electronic, mechanical, thermodynamic, and vibrational properties of Mg<i>X</i>Ir₂ (<i>X</i> = Al, Ga, In, Si) full-Heusler compounds using density functional theory (DFT). Structural optimization reveals that all four compounds stabilize in the cubic Fm3m phase, with lattice parameters showing a monotonic increase from <i>X</i> = Si to In. Electronic band structure calculations demonstrate metallic behavior, characterized by Ir-<i>d</i> orbital dominance near the Fermi level. Mechanical properties, including elastic constants (C₁₁, C₁₂, C₄₄), confirm thermodynamic stability and ductile behavior, with MgSiIr₂ exhibiting the highest bulk modulus (218 GPa). Phonon dispersion spectra show no imaginary frequencies, verifying dynamic stability across all compositions. Thermodynamic analysis via quasi-harmonic approximation predicts Debye temperatures ranging from 420 K (MgInIr₂) to 580 K (MgSiIr₂), correlating with bond stiffness trends. Vibrational modes indicate distinct optical phonon splitting is the highest in MgSiIr₂ owing to mass contrast. The Grüneisen parameters suggest anharmonic effects are most pronounced in MgInIr₂. Comparative analysis highlights MgSiIr₂ as the most promising candidate for high-temperature applications, balancing mechanical strength and thermal stability. This work provides foundational insights into experimental synthesis and targeted applications in catalysis or spintronics. Given magnesium’s osteogenic properties, these alloys also hold significant potential in regenerative medicine, particularly for repairing osseous defects triggered by degenerative disorders or bone cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4528 - 4538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11664-026-12782-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Modeling and Adaptive Control of Dielectric Elastomer Actuators Based on Koopman Theory","authors":"Yawu Wang,&nbsp;Yue Zhang,&nbsp;Dun Mao,&nbsp;Chun-Yi Su","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12773-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12773-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soft robots are often powered by soft actuators, and the dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) is widely recognized as a prospective soft actuators. Nevertheless, DEAs have complex nonlinear properties, which pose a formidable obstacle for their control. In this paper, a dynamic model of the DEA is established based on Koopman theory and the extended dynamic model decomposition method. This dynamic model is a low-dimensional linear model, which is simple and easy to implement in practical control. Then, to reduce the influence of model uncertainty and external disturbances on control accuracy, a single-neuron adaptive control method and a radial basis function (RBF) network-based adaptive control method are proposed for tracking control of the DEA. Next, to prevent damage to the DEA during the process of controller parameter tuning, a two-stage method is presented to tune the parameters of the single-neuron adaptive controller and RBF network-based adaptive controller. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed control methods is verified via actual tracking control experiments with three differential trajectories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4498 - 4508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Electrical Properties of Stereolithography-Printed Epoxy Acrylate-Based Photocurable Composite Films","authors":"Jiaxuan Wang,&nbsp;Andong Wang,&nbsp;Chenglong Bi,&nbsp;Caifeng Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12795-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12795-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In response to the increasing demand for high-performance flexible dielectric materials and the fabrication techniques for wearable electronics and energy storage devices, this paper used stereoscopic lithography (SLA) printing technology to prepare epoxy acrylate-based composite films with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and ionic liquid ([Emim]BF₄). By analyzing the influence of PVDF and ionic liquid on the microstructure evolution and crystalline phase behavior of the flexible composite film, the dielectric property and breakdown performance was investigated. The results indicated that increasing PVDF incorporation promoted the formation of the polar β-phase, where 20 wt.% PVDF was optimal, balancing a 135% rise in relative permittivity (<i>ε</i>′ = 10.39 at 1 kHz) and moderate dielectric loss (tan<i>δ</i> = 0.068). Furthermore, the addition of [Emim]BF₄ accelerated the relative β-phase content, peaking at 52.31% at 15 wt.% [Emim]BF₄. In fact, only 10 wt.% [Emim]BF₄ is needed to achieve an optimal balance (<i>ε</i>′ = 58.29, tan<i>δ</i> = 1.977 at 1 kHz) with improved breakdown strength. However, excessive [Emim]BF₄ will lead to a decrease in the density of the membrane due to porosity and agglomeration, which will lead to a sharp increase in tan<i>δ</i>. This study confirms SLA’s feasibility in fabricating high-performance dielectric composites and clarifies [Emim]BF₄’s regulatory role in PVDF phase transition and composite properties, providing a basis for flexible dielectric material design for flexible sensors and energy storage devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4347 - 4358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Stable Single Phases of Bismuth Tungstate Nanostructures for Asymmetric Supercapacitor Electrode and Photocatalytic Dye Degradation Applications","authors":"Priyadharshini Shanmugam,&nbsp;Ramesh Rajendran,&nbsp;Durairajan Arulmozhi,&nbsp;Thangaraju Dheivasigamani","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12775-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12775-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To overcome worldwide challenges in energy sustainability and environmental protection, there is a strong need for next-generation electrode materials and solar-responsive photocatalysts. Progress in supercapacitors and wastewater treatment relies on continual innovation in eco-friendly, high-performance materials. In this regard, this work reports the successful synthesis of two distinct bismuth tungstate phases, Bi₂WO₆ and Bi₂W₂O₉, via a facile gel matrix approach. The structural and spectroscopic analyses, including x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, confirmed their single-phase formation and vibrational characteristics. The oxidation states of the elemental components were verified by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the synthesized bismuth tungstate nanomaterials revealed distinct surface morphologies. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis was performed to investigate surface area and pore size of the synthesized bismuth tungstate phases. Electrochemical investigations revealed that Bi₂W₂O₉ outperforms Bi₂WO₆, showcasing a higher capacitance of 986 F g⁻¹. Harnessing this, an asymmetric supercapacitor employing Bi₂W₂O₉ as the positive electrode paired with activated carbon demonstrated remarkable energy storage capabilities, achieving an energy density of 20 Wh kg⁻¹ at 750 W kg⁻¹ power density with outstanding cycling stability. Beyond its role in energy storage, Bi₂W₂O₉ exhibited a markedly higher efficiency in light-assisted breakdown of methylene blue than Bi₂WO₆, reflecting its diverse functional capabilities. These findings highlight Bi₂W₂O₉ as a cost-effective, high-performance material platform that bridges advanced energy storage and environmental remediation in a single versatile nanostructure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4215 - 4236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optoelectronic Properties of Double Perovskites: Influence of Fe/Co Substitution and Magnetic Ordering on Band Structures and Bandgaps","authors":"Urooj Shahzadi,&nbsp;Suxiao Li,&nbsp;Dongwen Yang,&nbsp;Fei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12759-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12759-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnetism-assisted photovoltaic technology has emerged as a promising avenue for boosting the efficiency of photovoltaic cells, making it a significant research topic. Despite notable advancements in the industrial development of these materials, there are still critical challenges to overcome, including achieving tailored bandgaps, utilizing non-toxic and earth-abundant constituent elements, attaining high power conversion efficiency (PCE), and ensuring superior optical properties. In this study, spin-polarized hybrid functional calculations were employed to investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of halide double perovskites (HDPs), specifically Cs₂AgFeX₆ and Cs₂AgCoX₆ (where X = Cl, Br, I), to identify magnetically active materials containing abundant components that can enhance PCE in perovskite solar cells. Our results reveal two key findings. Firstly, both the Fe- and Co-based perovskites are more stable in the antiferromagnetic state than in the ferromagnetic state. Secondly, the exact exchange fraction significantly impacts the electronic and magnetic properties of HDPs. Further analysis of Cs₂AgFeX₆ and Cs₂AgCoX₆ shows that their bandgaps span a range of 0.59 eV to 1.66 eV, making them well suited to photovoltaic applications. These findings demonstrate that Cs₂AgFeX₆ and Cs₂AgCoX₆ are promising candidates for next-generation perovskite solar cells.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4647 - 4657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PerovLearn: An Interpretable Ensemble Machine Learning Framework for Bandgap Prediction in Hybrid Halide Perovskite Solar Cell Materials","authors":"Dipayan Chatterjee,&nbsp;Sudeshna Kundu,&nbsp;Sowradeep Pal,&nbsp;Swarupa Das,&nbsp;Kanishka Majumder,&nbsp;Prativa Agarwalla","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12774-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12774-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly established themselves as a leading contender for next-generation photovoltaics, offering tunable band gaps, structural flexibility, and impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, significant stability issues—such as moisture sensitivity, thermal instability, halide segregation, and ion migration—have persistently been observed, limiting commercial viability. Traditional methods such as Density Functional Theory (DFT), chemical substitution, and synthesis have been used, but those are computationally intensive and experimentally demanding processes. So, data-driven methodologies have been explored as powerful allies to experimental research via high-throughput screening. In this paper, a hierarchical ensemble machine learning (ML) framework named PerovLearn has been proposed for accurate band gap prediction of perovskite materials to expedite photovoltaic design. Twenty-two ML algorithms from six different families have been investigated using Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Coefficient of Determination (R²), and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. Top-performing models from each model family have been identified, and then ensemble strategies have been applied to enhance the generalization and to improve predictive stability. It is found that blended averaging and stacked generalization model with a Random Forest (RF) meta-learner has attained near-experimental accuracy (RMSE = 0.008751, R² = 0.999176) in bandgap prediction. In the PerovLearn framework, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) based interpretability has been incorporated to unveil compositional influences on bandgap, bridging predictive power and scientific insight. The proposed PerovLearn framework has delivered a generalized, adaptable, scalable, interpretable, and high-fidelity approach for bandgap engineering, offering a robust data-driven pathway for accelerated design and optimization of perovskite photovoltaic materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4465 - 4497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tin Doping on the Bandgap and Electrical and Thermoelectric Properties of Narrow-Gap Semiconducting α-SrSi2","authors":"Rena Hatanaka,&nbsp;Haruno Kunioka,&nbsp;Hiroya Oishi,&nbsp;Hirari Suzuki,&nbsp;Taishi Miyagawa,&nbsp;Yoji Imai,&nbsp;Tsutomu Iida","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12761-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12761-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The environmentally friendly semiconductor material α-SrSi₂ is a carrier-enhancement-type thermoelectric conversion material that operates at room to intermediate temperatures. It exhibits a small, but measurable, bandgap in its undoped state. However, with the addition of significant <i>n</i>-type or <i>p</i>-type impurities, the bandgap decreases owing to effects such as localization order, so it is important to retain a significant bandgap value for the α-SrSi₂ matrix. This study focuses on the role of isoelectronic impurities, particularly ones replacing at Si sites. Tin (Sn) was selected for our study on the basis of first-principles calculations using a hybrid functional model. The resulting changes in the bandgap value and electrical and thermoelectric properties of the α-SrSi₂ matrix were investigated. For synthesis, both the melt-growth method, which is a thermal equilibrium process, and the plasma-activated sintering process, which is a non-thermalequilibrium process, have been investigated. The α-SrSi₂ base matrix was prepared by the melt-growth method, and single-phase α-SrSi₂ with sufficient suppression of process impurities was obtained. Changes in the lattice constant due to the addition of Sn were observed, and it could be detected that Sn can structurally affect the material. Using the melt-growth method, addition of 0.5 at.% Sn resulted in a bandgap value of 64.7 meV. When the plasma-activated sintering process was used to add Sn, a process-dependent decrease in the bandgap value was observed as the Sn addition concentration was increased.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4064 - 4087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in the Physical Properties of Perovskite Barium Ruthenate via Cobalt Substitution at Ru-Site: BaRu1−xCoxO3 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1)","authors":"Rahman Zada,&nbsp;Zahid Ali,&nbsp;Hamad Ali,&nbsp;Shahid Mehmood,&nbsp;Mazhar Ali","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12751-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12751-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Barium ruthenate perovskites BaRu_1−<i>x</i>Co_<i>x</i>O₃ (<i>x</i> = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1) are studied in the hexagonal phase in various space groups utilizing density functional theory along with Hubbard <i>U</i>. Structural phase transition is observed in sequence P6₃/mmc → P3m1 → P6₃mc with the substitutions of Co concentrations at the Ru-site. Jahn–Teller distortion in these perovskites exists in the octahedra Ru/CoO₆. All these perovskites are ferromagnetic (FM), as verified by their magnetic phase optimizations and magnetic susceptibility curves. Electronic band structures in FM phase and electrical resistivities of these ruthenates show metallic nature for <i>x</i> = 0, 0.25, 0.75, 1 and semiconducting nature for <i>x</i> = 0.50. Optical and thermodynamic properties show promising optical applications of the BaRu_0.50Co_0.50O₃ perovskite in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum and as a potential candidate for energy transport, solar cells, and geophysical applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4447 - 4464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Step Pyrolysis Synthesis of N-, P-, S-Self-Doped Uniform Carbon Nanorods Supported on Lactobacillus plantarum-Derived ORR Electrocatalyst","authors":"Peng Xu,&nbsp;Chen Yanjun,&nbsp;Zhang Junjie,&nbsp;Yang Jing,&nbsp;Peng Xing,&nbsp;Wei Wuguo,&nbsp;Fu Yaoming,&nbsp;Li Xiuyi,&nbsp;Wang Jian,&nbsp;Qiu Chao","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12777-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12777-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanoscale uniform natural biomass-derived N-doped carbon oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts are a research hotspot for minimizing internal active site ineffectiveness and enhancing activity stability. This study innovatively proposes using <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> from microorganisms as the raw material to prepare oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts via one-step pyrolysis at 850°C. The catalyst exhibits uniform carbon nanorod structure with a diameter of 60 nm. Meanwhile, the as-prepared catalyst (L-850) features a high specific surface area (1071 m² g⁻¹) and N- (3.3 at.%), P- (0.31 at.%), S- (0.23 at.%) doping content. In terms of electrochemical performance, the half-wave potential (0.843 V) and limiting diffusion current density (5.42 mA cm⁻² at 0.6 V) of L-850 are only 6 mV negatively shifted and approximately 0.1 mA cm⁻² higher than those of the commercial 20% Pt/C catalyst (half-wave potential: 0.849 V; limiting diffusion current density: 5.32 mA cm⁻² at 0.6 V). In addition, L-850 also addresses the intrinsic drawbacks of commercial 20% Pt/C, which is prone to methanol/CO poisoning and exhibits inadequate durability. The above findings demonstrate that microorganisms hold substantial potential for fabricating high-performance and stable ORR catalysts, thereby establishing an innovative connection between microbes and ORR catalysts in the field of fuel cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4202 - 4214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Impact of the Anionic Moiety of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids on the Thermoelectric Properties of Polypyrrole","authors":"Mohamed Ali Mokrani,&nbsp;Zakaria Bekkar Djelloul Sayah,&nbsp;Houssém Chabane,&nbsp;Ahmed Mekki,&nbsp;Younes Bourenane Cherif,&nbsp;Linda Nedjar,&nbsp;Mammar Kaufa,&nbsp;Zineb Yasmine Slimani,&nbsp;Amar Manseri,&nbsp;Sébastien Livi,&nbsp;Jean-Felix Durastanti","doi":"10.1007/s11664-026-12764-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11664-026-12764-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the influence of the anionic moiety of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) on the thermoelectric properties of polypyrrole (PPy). The selected ionic liquids have gained significant attention due to their interesting electrical and thermal properties, which can enhance the thermoelectric performance of polymer-based materials. In this work, a series of polypyrrole-based composite materials were processed with different imidazolium ILs, varying the nature of the counter anions to investigate their effect on the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity of the polymer. Through a combination of physicochemical and thermoelectric characterization, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermoelectric measurements, the effect of the ionic liquid on the physicochemical and thermoelectric properties of polypyrrole was investigated. The results demonstrated that the anionic structure plays a key role in enhancing the thermoelectric properties of PPy. In fact, the incorporation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate(III) (EMImFeCl₄) led to a significant improvement in the Seebeck coefficient (<i>S</i> = 384.615 µV·K⁻¹), with PPy-EMImFeCl₄ showing the most notable increase in terms of figure of merit (<i>ZT</i> = 5.109 × 10⁻³), which was approximately 250 times that of the neat polypyrrole. This effect is also attributed to the ability of EMImFeCl₄ to reduce the thermal conductivity (κ = 0.069 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹).</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Materials","volume":"55 5","pages":"4043 - 4063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}