世界病毒学杂志(英文版)最新文献

{"title":"Rising incidence of acute hepatitis A among adults and clinical characteristics in a tertiary care center of Pakistan.","authors":"Yumna Shahid, Amna Subhan Butt, Iqra Jamali, Faisal Wasim Ismail","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.97482","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.97482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For decades, hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been a leading cause of acute hepatitis among children and was less prevalent among adults. However, recently a paradigm shift has been observed in the epidemiology of HAV, as evident by cases of acute hepatitis due to HAV among adults.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To estimate frequency of HAV in acute viral hepatitis and compare characteristics in HAV and hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a trend analysis conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi (Sindh, Pakistan) from February 2024 to May 2024. Individuals aged 18 years and older diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis attributed to hepatotropic viruses in 2024 were reviewed. To compare the trend patients admitted with acute hepatitis during 2019-2023 were also reviewed. Data regarding clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded. The yearly trend of acute hepatitis due to HAV and HEV was analyzed, and comparative analysis was done between HAV and HEV cases among adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 396 patients were found to have acute hepatitis during our study duration. HAV was diagnosed in 234 patients (59%) while 157 patients (39.6%) were found to have acute HEV infection. Additionally, acute hepatitis B virus infection was identified in 3 patients (0.7%), whereas acute hepatitis C virus infection was found in 2 (0.5%) cases of acute hepatitis. Yearly trends showed increasing occurrence of HAV infection among adults over last 5 years. The patients with acute HAV were younger than patients with HEV (28 years ± 8 years <i>vs</i> 30 years ± 8 years; <i>P</i> < 0.01). Higher levels of total bilirubin were seen in HEV infection, while higher levels of alanine transaminase were seen in HAV infection. However, a higher proportion of acute liver failure (ALF), coagulopathy, and mortality were observed in HEV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An increase in acute hepatitis A cases among adults shows less severity than hepatitis E, highlighting the need for better sanitation, hygiene, and adult hepatitis A vaccination programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"97482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into gastrointestinal manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus: A narrative review.","authors":"Pratiksha Moliya, Anmol Singh, Navdeep Singh, Vikash Kumar, Aalam Sohal","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99249","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) modifies CD4-positive cells, resulting in immunodeficiency and a wide range of gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations. The burden of HIV-related GI illnesses has significantly evolved with the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). While ART has effectively reduced the occurrence of opportunistic infections, it has led to an increase in therapy-related GI illnesses. Common esophageal conditions in HIV patients include gastroesophageal reflux disease, idiopathic esophageal ulcers, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and candidal esophagitis. Kaposi's sarcoma, a hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, may affect the entire GI system. Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease are also frequently seen in patients with HIV. Diarrhea, often linked to both opportunistic infections and ART, requires careful evaluation. Bloody diarrhea, often a sign of colitis caused by bacterial infections such as Shigella or Clostridium difficile, is prevalent. Small bowel lymphoma, although rare, is increasing in prevalence. Anorectal disorders, including proctitis, fissures, and anal squamous cell carcinoma, are particularly relevant in homosexual men, underlining the importance of timely diagnosis. This review comprehensively explores the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment considerations for the various GI disorders associated with HIV, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to improve outcomes for HIV-infected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"99249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among various donor groups: A comparative analysis.","authors":"Sanjay K Thakur, Anil K Sinha, Santosh K Sharma, Aarzoo Jahan, Dinesh K Negi, Ruchika Gupta, Sompal Singh","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.96098","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.96098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) are illnesses spread through contaminated blood or blood products. In India, screening for TTIs such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-I/II, malaria, and syphilis is mandatory before blood transfusions. Worldwide, HCV, HBV, and HIV are the leading viruses causing mortality, affecting millions of people globally, including those with co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV. Studies highlight the impact of TTIs on life expectancy and health risks, such as liver cirrhosis, cancer, and other diseases in individuals with chronic HBV. Globally, millions of blood donations take place annually, emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood safety.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the prevalence of TTIs, viz., HBV, HCV, HIV I/II, syphilis, and malaria parasite (MP), among different blood donor groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study assessed the prevalence of TTIs among different blood donor groups in Delhi, India. Groups included total donors, in-house donors, total camp donors, institutional camp donors, and community camp donors. Tests for HIV, HBV, and HCV were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while syphilis was tested with rapid plasma reagins and MP rapid card methods. The prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis, expressed as percentages. Differences in infection rates between the groups were analyzed using <i>χ</i>² tests and <i>P</i>-values (less than 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study evaluated TTIs among 42158 blood donors in Delhi. The overall cumulative frequency of TTIs in total blood donors was 2.071%, and the frequencies of HBV, HCV, HIV-I/II, venereal disease research laboratory, and MP were 1.048%, 0.425%, 0.221%, 0.377%, and 0.0024%, respectively. In-house donors, representing 37656 donors, had the highest transfusion transmissible infection (TTI) prevalence at 2.167%. Among total camp donors (4502 donors), TTIs were identified in 1.266% of donors, while community camp donors (2439 donors) exhibited a prevalence of 1.558%. Institutional camp donors (2063 donors) had the lowest TTI prevalence at 0.921%. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in overall TTI prevalence, with total and in-house donors exhibiting higher rates compared to camp donors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ongoing monitoring and effective screening programs are essential for minimizing TTIs. Customizing blood safety measures for different donor groups and studying socio-economic-health factors is essential to improving blood safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"96098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexamethasone in coronavirus disease 2019 care: Dosage and utilization insights.","authors":"Laiba Shamim, Imshaal Musharaf, Abdulqadir J Nashwan","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.98765","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.98765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. It was declared a global pandemic on March 11, 2020, by the World Health Organization. An excessive inflammatory response is a severe respiratory manifestation of COVID-19, which becomes predominant in later stages. Due to its immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties, dexamethasone is the first systemic glucocorticoid to treat severe COVID-19 patients. This editorial reviews the efficacy and safety of high-dose <i>vs</i> low-dose dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19. Findings indicate that using low-dose dexamethasone is beneficial and emphasize the need for additional research on the use of high-dose dexamethasone. While the study provides a robust evidence base, it is limited by the lack of long-term data, focus on specific outcomes and heterogeneity of the included studies. Future research should focus on the long-term effects of dexamethasone and its impact across varying disease severities and patient populations to refine treatment strategies and improve patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"98765"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Septic shock due to cytomegalovirus colitis associated with rituximab use: A case report.","authors":"Siddharth Patel, Jordan Jay, Prutha Pathak, Mc Anto Antony, Mrudula Thiriveedi","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99923","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. CMV targets dysfunctional lymphocytes. Chronic rituximab (RTX) therapy can cause B-lymphocyte dysfunction, increasing CMV risk. Rarely, CMV infections present with critical illness such as septic shock.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 64-year-old African American woman presented with generalized weakness and non-bloody watery diarrhea of 4-6 weeks duration. She did not have nausea, vomiting or, abdominal pain. She had been on monthly RTX infusions for neuromyelitis optica. She was admitted for septic shock due to pancolitis. Blood investigations suggested pancytopenia and serology detected significantly elevated CMV DNA. Valganciclovir treatment led to disease resolution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case illustrates an extremely rare case of CMV colitis associated with RTX use presenting with septic shock. High suspicion for rare opportunistic infections is imperative in individuals with long-term RTX use.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"99923"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting dexamethasone dosage in COVID-19 management.","authors":"Abhishet Varama","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.98359","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.98359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated rapid advancements in therapeutic strategies, with dexamethasone emerging as a key treatment for severe cases. This editorial discusses the systematic review conducted by Sethi <i>et al</i>, published in the <i>World Journal of Virology</i>. The review critically examines the efficacy and safety of varying dosages of dexamethasone in severe COVID-19 patients, providing a comprehensive meta-analysis that underscores the current clinical recommendations favoring a low-dose regimen. Despite these findings, the review highlights the potential benefits of tailored dosages for specific patient subgroups, suggesting a need for personalized treatment approaches. This editorial expands on the implications of these findings, advocating for the integration of evolving clinical data into treatment protocols and calling for further research into patient-specific responses to therapy. It emphasizes the importance of adaptability and precision in pandemic response, urging the medical community to consider both the robustness of existing evidence and the potential for innovative approaches to enhance patient outcomes in the face of global health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"98359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: Pathogenesis, transmission and public health challenges.","authors":"Sita Kumari Karanam, Kandra Nagvishnu, Praveen Kumar Uppala, Sandhya Edhi, Srinivasa Rao Varri","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100003","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dangerous Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), an encapsulated negative-sense RNA virus of the family Nairoviridae, is transmitted from person to person <i>via</i> ticks. With a case fatality rate between 10% to 40%, the most common ways that the disease may spread to humans are <i>via</i> tick bites or coming into touch with infected animals' blood or tissues. Furthermore, the transfer of bodily fluids between individuals is another potential route of infection. There is a wide range of symptoms experienced by patients throughout each stage, from myalgia and fever to extreme bruising and excess bleeding. Tick management measures include minimising the spread of ticks from one species to another and from people to animals <i>via</i> the use of protective clothing, repellents, and proper animal handling. In order to prevent the spread of illness, healthcare workers must adhere to stringent protocols. Despite the lack of an authorised vaccine, the main components of treatment now consist of preventative measures and supportive care, which may include the antiviral medicine ribavirin. We still don't know very much about the virus's mechanisms, even though advances in molecular virology and animal models have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of CCHFV. A critical need for vaccination that is both safe and effective, as well as for quick diagnosis and efficient treatments to lessen the disease's impact in areas where it is most prevalent. Important steps towards lowering Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever mortality and morbidity rates were to anticipatethe future availability of immunoglobulin products.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"100003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhabdomyolysis-related acute kidney injury in COVID-19: A critical concern.","authors":"Md Safiullah Sarker","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100160","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhabdomyolysis is a severe condition characterized by the breakdown of muscle tissue leading to the release of intracellular components into the bloodstream. This condition, when associated with acute kidney injury (AKI), can result in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This editorial discusses a retrospective study on patients with COVID-19 who developed rhabdomyolysis-related AKI. The study highlights that patients with rhabdomyolysis exhibited higher inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, ferritin, and procalcitonin, and experienced worse clinical outcomes compared to those with other causes of AKI. The findings underscore the importance of early recognition and management of rhabdomyolysis in COVID-19 patients to improve prognosis and reduce mortality rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convergence of COVID-19 and recurrent stroke: In-hospital mortality risks explored.","authors":"Basavraj S Nagoba, Shree V Dhotre, Ajay M Gavkare, Sachin S Mumbre, Pradnya S Dhotre","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99904","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial comments on the article by Desai <i>et al</i>, which investigates the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on in-hospital mortality among patients with recurrent stroke using data from the 2020 National Inpatient Sample. The findings reveal significantly higher mortality rates in COVID-19-positive patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients, particularly among middle-aged individuals, males, and ethnic minorities. This editorial explores the underlying mechanisms contributing to these outcomes and discusses the clinical implications for targeted management strategies in high-risk groups. The results emphasize the need for comprehensive approaches to mitigate the heightened risks faced by recurrent stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"99904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among students, faculty and staff within a large university system during the pandemic.","authors":"Marcos G Pinheiro, Gabriela G O Alves, Maria Eduarda R Conde, Sofia L Costa, Regina C S Sant'Anna, Isa M F Antunes, Mônica C Carneiro, Fabio S Ronzei, Julia C Scaffo, Felipe R Pinheiro, Lialyz S Andre, Helvecio C Povoa, Valéria T Baltar, Fabíola Giordani, Eduarda S Hemerly, Gisele C Alexandre, Karla C de Paula, Márcio Watanabe, Antonio Claudio L da Nóbrega, Jackeline Christiane P Lobato, Fabio Aguiar-Alves","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100338","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>At the end of December 2019, the world faced severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which led to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), associated with respiratory issues. This virus has shown significant challenges, especially for senior citizens, patients with other underlying illnesses, or those with a sedentary lifestyle. Serological tests conducted early on have helped identify how the virus is transmitted and how to curb its spread. The study hypothesis was that the rapid serological test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies could indicate the immunoreactive profile during the COVID-19 pandemic in a university population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To conduct active surveillance for serological expression of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in individuals within a university setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This sectional study by convenience sampling was conducted in a large university in Niteroi-RJ, Brazil, from March 2021 to July 2021. The study population consisted of students, faculty, and administrative staff employed by the university. A total of 3433 faculty members, 60703 students, and 3812 administrative staff were invited to participate. Data were gathered through rapid serological tests to detect immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG against SARS-CoV-2. The <i>χ</i>² or Fisher's exact test was used to conduct statistical analysis. A 0.20 significance level was adopted for variable selection in a multiple logistic regression model to evaluate associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1648 individuals were enrolled in the study. The proportion of COVID-19 positivity was 164/1648 (9.8%). The adjusted logistic model indicate a positive association between the expression of IgM or IgG and age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.02-1.31] (<i>P</i> < 0.0024), individuals who had been in contact with a COVID-19-positive case (OR = 3.49, 95%CI: 2.34-5.37) (<i>P</i> < 0.001), those who had received the COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 2.33, 95%CI: 1.61-3.35) (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and social isolation (OR = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.41-0.84) (<i>P</i> < 0.004). The likelihood of showing a positive result increased by 16% with every ten-year increment. Conversely, adherence to social distancing measures decreased the likelihood by 41%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings evidenced that the population became more exposed to the virus as individuals discontinued social distancing practices, thereby increasing the risk of infection for themselves.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"100338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}