中华结核和呼吸杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Endoscopic intervention combined with pirfenidone for the treatment of cicatricial central airway stenosis: a report of 4 cases].","authors":"X Li, Y Ma, P Wang, J Zhang, J B Pan","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240920-00551","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240920-00551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of four patients with cicatricial central airway stenosis was performed. The study compared the intervals between interventional treatments, the airway diameter before interventional treatment, and the dyspnea index scores of the patients before and after the use of pirfenidone. The results showed that the intervals between interventional treatments were significantly prolonged in two patients, the airway diameters before interventional treatment were significantly increased and the symptoms of dyspnea were improved in all four patients. In addition, the number of interventional treatments was reduced. This study suggested that pirfenidone might have therapeutic potential in cicatricial central airway stenosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"378-381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A case of acute pseudomembranous necrotizing tracheobronchitis in an adult].","authors":"S Y Shang, X P Li, J Xu, Y Li, L Q Cao, H Ye","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240828-00510","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240828-00510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presented a rare case of secondary <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) infection following influenza B virus infection, resulting in diffuse airway injury and hemorrhagic pneumonia. The patient initially underwent bronchial artery embolization (BAE) due to persistent hemoptysis refractory to conventional hemostatic therapy. Although the hemoptysis was resolved postoperatively, severe hypoxemia persisted. Bronchoscopy revealed diffuse yellow plaques with mucosal erosion and necrosis in the airways. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid identified <i>S. aureus</i> harboring the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes. Histopathological examination revealed severe acute inflammatory changes consistent with necrotizing airway pathology. A diagnosis of IBV-associated <i>S. aureus</i> infection leading to acute pseudomembranous necrotizing tracheobronchitis and hemorrhagic pneumonia was made. The patient responded favorably to linezolid therapy. Follow-up bronchoscopy revealed multiple granulation tissues in the airways, which were subsequently removed under endoscopic guidance. After ruling out persistent infection, the patient was treated with low-dose oral prednisone, which resulted in significant clinical improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"385-388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics of white matter hyperintensities in young and middle-aged male patients with obstructive sleep apnea and its impact on cognitive function].","authors":"X Ding, J Wang, L R Ji, Z J Wang, Z Q Li, H Wu, R Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241017-00616","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241017-00616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the characteristics of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in young and middle-aged male patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who did not have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its impact on cognitive function. <b>Methods:</b> This was a cross-sectional study. Patients who visited the sleep center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University due to snoring between June 2021 and June 2023 were prospectively selected. All patients meeting the inclusion criteria underwent polysomnography (PSG) monitoring, while cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). All subjects underwent Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the Fazekas visual rating scale was used to assess the severity of WMH. Subjects were divided into a control group (AHI≤15/h) and an OSA group (AHI>15/h) based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the above indicators were compared between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between WMH and cognitive function. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors associated with WMH occurrence. <b>Results:</b> A total of 104 subjects were enrolled, all male, 48 in the control group and 56 in the OSA group. Comparisons of PSG parameters indicated that the OSA group had a higher AHI, percentage of non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1 and 2 in total sleep time (N1%+N2%), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and percentage of total sleep time with pulse oxygen saturation below 90% (TS90) (all <i>P</i><0.05). In contrast, the percentage of Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Stage 3 in total sleep time (N3%) and the percentage of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in total sleep time (REM%), and the Minimum pulse oxygen saturation (MinSpO₂) were lower (all <i>P</i><0.05). Cognitive test comparisons indicated that the OSA group had lower total MoCA scores, and lower scores on sub-items such as visuospatial, executive function and delayed recall compared to the control group. In the CANTAB, the average reaction time for motor screening task(MOT), the delayed recognition response time for pattern recognition memory(PRM), and the total completion time for spatial working memory(SWM) were all longer (all <i>P</i><0.05). MRI imaging revealed that the incidence of cerebral WMH and the Fazekas score were higher in the OSA group compared to the control group, and that deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMH) were most common in the frontal lobe. The Fazekas grade of the subjects was correlated positively with the MOT reaction time (<i>r</i>=0.25, <i>P</i>=0.026) but negatively with the immediate recognition accuracy of PRM (<i>r</i>=-0.36, <i>P</i>=0.002). Regression results indicated that, increasing age was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of WMH in young and middle-aged OSA patients (<i>OR</i>=1.120, 95%<i>CI</i>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"350-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert initiative on the construction of smoking cessation ward (2024 edition)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241028-00642","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241028-00642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Smoking cessation is a critical component of holistic healthcare for people at risk of chronic diseases, such as those with smoking-related conditions. As one of the long-term benefits of medical interventions, smoking cessation outpatient services are widely implemented across all levels of medical facilities. However, there is still a lack of specific measures to effectively set up smoking cessation wards and implement smoking cessation services for inpatients. Currently, smoking cessation interventions for inpatients face significant challenges: patients often do not fully understand the importance of smoking cessation due to limited awareness, resulting in reliance on unsafe or ineffective methods. In addition, medical staff interacting with hospitalized patients may struggle to regularly suggest effective smoking cessation programs.To address these challenges and advocate for the standardized construction of smoking cessation wards and services, experts from the Tobacco Control Group of the Respiratory Branch of Shanghai Medical Association have proposed four key recommendations: i) Definition of smoking cessation service for inpatients: clearly defining smoking cessation education and support programs is essential to ensure that patients receive comprehensive guidance and resources. ii) Policy support for smoking cessation service for inpatients: Strengthening public health policies and regulations that address the needs of inpatient smoking cessation can provide a framework for implementation and improve patient satisfaction. iii) Suggestions for smoked cessation service support group for inpatients: Developing regular support groups or dialogue sessions between staff and patients focused on smoking cessation issues can promote better understanding and engagement with the services. iv) Whole-process smoking cessation intervention for inpatients: Implementing a comprehensive approach that integrates education, counseling, and treatment strategies can help patients overcome barriers to smoking cessation. These recommendations aim to provide clear guidelines on how to set up smoking cessation wards in hospitals at all levels and how to implement smoking cessation interventions for inpatients more effectively. By systematically addressing these challenges, we can work towards improving smoking cessation services and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"344-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis and related factors of lung cancer arising in the native lung following single lung transplantation].","authors":"H Y Liu, N Cheng, L J Guo, R C Guo, M L Mao, J Guo, R S Zhao, B Wang, D R Zhong","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241203-00716","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241203-00716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung cancer arising in the native lung after single lung transplantation for end-stage lung disease. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a respective analysis of the clinical, pathological, and follow-up data of 12 recipients who developed lung cancer in the native lung after single-lung transplantation at China-Japan Friendship Hospital from September 2017 to June 2021, among a total of 247 single-lung transplantations performed during this period. Eleven were male and 1 was female, with ages ranging from 46-67 (59.25±5.75) years. <b>Results:</b> Of the 12 recipients, 11 had a smoking history before transplantation. The underlying diagnosis of lung diseases before transplantation included 8 cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 3 cases of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease, and 1 case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The time interval from transplantation to the development of lung cancer in the native lung was 3 to 53 months, with an average of (30.0±16.2) months. Eleven patients had elevated levels of serum tumor markers at the time of lung cancer diagnosis. CT/PET-CT showed new nodules or FDG avidity in the native lung. The histological types of lung cancer in the 12 cases included 1 case of small cell carcinoma and 11 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (7 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 3 cases of adenocarcinoma, and 1 case of SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated carcinoma). There were 8 cases in clinical stage Ⅳ, 1 case in stage Ⅲ, and 3 cases in stageⅠ. Three patients in stage Ⅰ and one patient in stage Ⅲ underwent surgical treatment, while patients in stage Ⅳ were treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and palliative care. At the end of this study, 10 patients had died, 1 patient survived, and 1 patient was lost to follow-up. The median survival time was 7 months (ranging from 2 to 47 months), and the 1-year cumulative survival rate was 9.2%. <b>Conclusions:</b> The risk of developing lung cancer in the native lung after single lung transplantation is increased. The prognosis is very poor. Most of the histological types are squamous cell carcinoma. Close monitoring of high-risk populations after transplantation for early tumor detection may prolong survival time.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"358-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Chinese experts consensus on the diagnosis and management of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis(2025)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241121-00694","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241121-00694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a rare type of immune-related adverse reaction, that can seriously affect the subsequent anti-tumor immunotherapy and even lead to respiratory failure or death. However, if identified and diagnosed early, and treated promptly and appropriately, most patients have a good prognosis, and some may be eligible for subsequent immune rechallenge. In order to standardize diagnosis and treatment of patients with CIP and improve their prognosis, the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine of Peking Union Medical College Hospital initiated and developed the consensus, which was discussed and reached a consensus by experts from the Oncology Respiratory Disease Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association, Lung Cancer Group of Thoracic Society of Chinese Medical Association and Beijing Cancer Prevention and Treatment Research Association. The consensus formed 18 expert recommendations on the risk factors, clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation measures, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, treatment strategies and rehabilitation plans of CIP for clinicians' reference.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"329-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in predictive models for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].","authors":"Q Chang, F Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240806-00465","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240806-00465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and fibrotic lung disease of unknown etiology, primarily affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals. Chest imaging and histopathology are characterized by usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Without treatment, the median survival of patients is 3-5 years. Disease progression or acute exacerbation in IPF patients indicates a poor survival prognosis. Therefore, identification and establishment of predictive models for assessing IPF disease behavior may allow early prediction of disease progression, facilitating timely intervention or adjustment of therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes. This review aimed to summarized recent advances in IPF predictive models and to highlight key issues that need to be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"389-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Genetic analysis of primary ciliary dyskinesia caused by <i>DNAH5</i> splicing site mutations].","authors":"M T Zhang, L J Guo, Y Gao, W Wang, J C Jiang, H D Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241011-00597","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241011-00597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the impact of intron region variation in motor protein axonal heavy chain 5 (<i>DNAH5</i>) gene on its transcriptional splicing, and to retrospectively analyze the phenotypic characteristics of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia caused by <i>DNAH5</i> mutation in the Chinese population. <b>Methods:</b> Two patients with recurrent respiratory symptoms, pulmonary infections and bronchiectasis were selected as the research subjects. Whole exome sequencing was performed in family members to identify possible genetic causes, and Sanger sequencing was used to validate candidate variants. Minigene splicing variant analysis was used to study the pathogenicity of the splicing site variation. The phenotypic characteristics of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia caused by different mutation types of the <i>DNAH5</i> gene in chinese population were summarized by literature search and screening. <b>Results:</b> Two patients simultaneously carried paternal <i>DNAH5</i> c.12367C>T (p.His4123Tyr) and c.1731-18A>G mutations and maternal c.1933C>T (p.Gln645*) mutation. According to the guidelines of the American Society of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the <i>DNAH5</i> c.1933C>T (p.Gln645*) mutation was classified as pathogenic (PVSl+PM2_Supporting+PP4), and c.1731-18A>G mutation was also classified as pathogenic (PVSl+PM2_Supporting+PM3_Supporting+PP4). <i>DNAH5</i> c.12367C>T mutation was classified as likely benign. Among the major phenotypes of patients with <i>DNAH5</i> mutation in Chinese population, cough, chronic rhinitis and bronchiectasis accounted for 93.9%, sinusitis for 90.9%, otitis media for 45.5%, hearing loss for 21.2%, and the visceral transposition for 69.7%. Out of 4 adult males, 3 were clearly recorded as infertile. Abnormal cilia morphology was found in the well-documented cased. <b>Conclusions:</b> Minigene splicing variant analysis confirmed that mutation in the intron region of the <i>DNAH5</i> gene could affect its mRNA splicing, providing evidence for the pathogenicity of the mutation site (PVS1). The <i>DNAH5</i> c.1731-18A>G mutation and c.1933C>T (p.Gln645*) compound heterozygous variations could be the genetic etiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"365-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241118-00681","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241118-00681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-disordered breathing condition. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is one of the most common clinical manifestations in patients with OSA. Some OSA patients continue to experience residual EDS despite receiving standard treatment. EDS significantly impairs patients' occupational performance and quality of life, increases the risk of traffic accidents, and is an economic burden for both society and individuals. Currently, there are no specific diagnostic or treatment guidelines for EDS in patients with OSA in China. Therefore, the Sleep Disorder Group of Chinese Thoracic Society has developed this expert consensus based on the latest domestic and international research. The consensus provides a detailed discussion on the definition, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and treatment of EDS in OSA, with the aim of providing standardized recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of EDS in patients with OSA and improving clinical awareness of this condition. The key recommendations are as follows.<b>Recommendation 1:</b> The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) is considered as a subjective tool for assessing EDS in patients with OSA. It can be used for diagnosis, severity assessment, and monitoring of treatment effects. A clinical threshold of 10 points is recommended, with a minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of 2-3 points (2, B).<b>Recommendation 2:</b> The maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) and the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) are considered to be objective tools for ruling out comorbid sleep disorders. They should not be used independently for diagnosis (2, B).<b>Recommendation 3:</b> The Karolinska sleepiness scale (KSS) and the Stanford sleepiness scale (SSS) can be used as supplementary assessment tools for EDS, but should not be used independently for diagnosis (4, C).<b>Recommendation 4:</b> CPAP is recommended as the first-line therapy for patients with OSA to improve EDS (1, A).<b>Recommendation 5:</b> Patients who refuse, cannot tolerate, or do not adhere to CPAP may benefit from oral appliances or surgical interventions. Customized oral appliances should be preferable. Upper airway surgery should be chosen based on patterns of anatomical obstruction. Surgical interventions can also be used as an adjunctive therapy to CPAP (2, B).<b>Recommendation 6:</b> OSA patients with EDS should make lifestyle changes, including correcting poor lifestyle habits and improving sleep hygiene, to improve nocturnal sleep quality and daytime alertness (3, B).<b>Recommendation 7:</b> Pharmacological wake-promoting agents may be considered, after careful clinical evaluation, in OSA patients who meet the following criteria: ① Residual EDS persists despite adequate and adherent conventional OSA therapy (including CPAP, oral appliances, and surgery) with exclusion of other EDS etiologies; ② Patients with EDS who refuse, are intolerant of, or are not compliant with ","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"304-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impact and management of comorbidities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea].","authors":"W L Sun, Y H Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250208-00071","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250208-00071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both common respiratory system disorders that often coexist. The combination of COPD and OSA, known as overlap syndrome (OS), can lead to severe hypoxemia, hypercapnia, poor sleep quality, and increased risks of arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension, right heart failure, and other complications. This ultimately results in high rates of hospitalization and mortality. Currently, clinical practice tends to be reductionist, with insufficient awareness of the dangers posed by OS. There is a need for more proactive screening, diagnosis, and close monitoring and correction of nocturnal hypoxia in OS patients. Non-invasive ventilation is the most important treatment for OS. It is crucial to further address the differences in patient conditions during the day and night, as well as between stable and acute exacerbation phases, to refine and standardize non-invasive ventilation therapy. Additionally, actively preventing and managing related complications will help improve the prognosis of OS.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 4","pages":"392-395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}