Foundations of Physics最新文献_第4页

Simulating Nelsonian Quantum Field Theory 模拟纳尔逊量子场论

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00766-6

Andrea Carosso

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The Thermodynamic Cost of Choosing 选择的热力学成本

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00765-7

Carlo Rovelli

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Relational Quantum Mechanics: Ozawa’s Intersubjectivity Theorem as Justification of the Postulate on Internally Consistent Descriptions 关系量子力学：小泽的主体内定理作为内部一致描述公设的理由

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00762-w

Andrei Khrennikov

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Beyond the Quantum Membrane Paradigm: A Philosophical Analysis of the Structure of Black Holes in Full QG 超越量子膜范式：全量子态黑洞结构的哲学分析

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00758-6

Enrico Cinti, Marco Sanchioni

{"title":"Beyond the Quantum Membrane Paradigm: A Philosophical Analysis of the Structure of Black Holes in Full QG","authors":"Enrico Cinti, Marco Sanchioni","doi":"10.1007/s10701-024-00758-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-024-00758-6","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a philosophical analysis of the structure of black holes, focusing on the event horizon and its fundamental status. While black holes have been at the centre of countless paradoxes arising from the attempt to merge quantum mechanics and general relativity, recent experimental discoveries have emphasised their importance as objects for the development of Quantum Gravity. In particular, the statistical mechanical underpinning of black hole thermodynamics has been a central research topic. The Quantum Membrane Paradigm, proposed by Wallace (Stud Hist Philos Sci Part B 66:103-117, 2019), posits a real membrane made of black hole microstates at the black hole horizon to provide a statistical mechanical understanding of black hole thermodynamics from an exterior observer’s point of view. However, we argue that the Quantum Membrane Paradigm is limited to low-energy Quantum Gravity and needs to be modified to avoid reference to geometric notions, such as the event horizon, which presumably do not make sense in the non-spatiotemporal context of full Quantum Gravity. Our proposal relies on the central dogma of black hole physics. It considers recent developments, such as replica wormholes and entanglement wedge reconstruction, to provide a new framework for understanding the nature of black hole horizons in full Quantum Gravity.","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eliminating the ‘Impossible’: Recent Progress on Local Measurement Theory for Quantum Field Theory 消除 "不可能"：量子场论局部测量理论的最新进展

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00756-8

Maria Papageorgiou, Doreen Fraser

{"title":"Eliminating the ‘Impossible’: Recent Progress on Local Measurement Theory for Quantum Field Theory","authors":"Maria Papageorgiou, Doreen Fraser","doi":"10.1007/s10701-024-00756-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-024-00756-8","url":null,"abstract":"Arguments by Sorkin (Impossible measurements on quantum fields. In: Directions in general relativity: proceedings of the 1993 International Symposium, Maryland, vol 2, pp 293–305, 1993) and Borsten et al. (Phys Rev D 104(2), 2021. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.025012) establish that a natural extension of quantum measurement theory from non-relativistic quantum mechanics to relativistic quantum theory leads to the unacceptable consequence that expectation values in one region depend on which unitary operation is performed in a spacelike separated region. Sorkin [1] labels such scenarios ‘impossible measurements’. We explicitly present these arguments as a no-go result with the logical form of a reductio argument and investigate the consequences for measurement in quantum field theory (QFT). Sorkin-type impossible measurement scenarios clearly illustrate the moral that Microcausality is not by itself sufficient to rule out superluminal signalling in relativistic quantum theories that use Lüders’ rule. We review three different approaches to formulating an account of measurement for QFT and analyze their responses to the ‘impossible measurements’ problem. Two of the approaches are: a measurement theory based on detector models proposed in Polo-Gómez et al. (Phys Rev D, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.105.065003) and a measurement framework for algebraic QFT proposed in Fewster and Verch (Commun Math Phys 378(2):851–889, 2020). Of particular interest for foundations of QFT is that they share common features that may hold general morals about how to represent measurement in QFT. These morals are about the role that dynamics plays in eliminating ‘impossible measurements’, the abandonment of the operational interpretation of local algebras ({mathcal {A}}(O)) as representing possible operations carried out in region O, and the interpretation of state update rules. Finally, we examine the form that the ‘impossible measurements’ problem takes in histories-based approaches and we discuss the remaining challenges.","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minkowski Space from Quantum Mechanics 量子力学中的闵科夫斯基空间

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00753-x

László B. Szabados

引用次数: 0

A No-Go Result on Observing Quantum Superpositions 观测量子叠加的禁区结果

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00760-y

Guang Ping He

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Spatio-temporally Graded Causality: A Model 时空分级因果关系：一个模型

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00761-x

Bartosz Jura

{"title":"Spatio-temporally Graded Causality: A Model","authors":"Bartosz Jura","doi":"10.1007/s10701-024-00761-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-024-00761-x","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider a claim that in the natural world there is no fact of the matter about the spatio-temporal separation of events. In order to make sense of such a notion and construct useful models of the world, it is proposed to use elements of a non-classical logic. Specifically, we focus here on causality, as a concept tightly related with the assumption of there being distinct, separate events, proposing a model according to which it can be considered to be spatio-temporally graded. It is outlined how this can be described using the formalism of fuzzy sets theory, with the degree of causality varying between 1, that is no separation between causes and effects, and 0, that is perfect separation between causes and their effects as in classical ’billiard balls’ models of physical systems, namely such based on the notion of ideal mathematical point. Our model posits that subjective moments of time are like fuzzy sets, with their extension determined by local degrees of causality, resulting from information integration processes extended gradually in space and time. This, we argue, is how a notion of causality could be, to a certain degree, spared and reconciled with a variant of Bergsonian duration theory as formulated in the theory of continuous change. Relation of the proposed viewpoint to other theories, as well as possible solutions it suggests to various problems, in particular the measurement problem, are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140612392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Stochastic Model of Mathematics and Science 数学与科学的随机模型

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00755-9

David H. Wolpert, David B. Kinney

{"title":"A Stochastic Model of Mathematics and Science","authors":"David H. Wolpert, David B. Kinney","doi":"10.1007/s10701-024-00755-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-024-00755-9","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a framework that can be used to model both mathematics and human reasoning about mathematics. This framework involves stochastic mathematical systems (SMSs), which are stochastic processes that generate pairs of questions and associated answers (with no explicit referents). We use the SMS framework to define normative conditions for mathematical reasoning, by defining a “calibration” relation between a pair of SMSs. The first SMS is the human reasoner, and the second is an “oracle” SMS that can be interpreted as deciding whether the question–answer pairs of the reasoner SMS are valid. To ground thinking, we understand the answers to questions given by this oracle to be the answers that would be given by an SMS representing the entire mathematical community in the infinite long run of the process of asking and answering questions. We then introduce a slight extension of SMSs to allow us to model both the physical universe and human reasoning about the physical universe. We then define a slightly different calibration relation appropriate for the case of scientific reasoning. In this case the first SMS represents a human scientist predicting the outcome of future experiments, while the second SMS represents the physical universe in which the scientist is embedded, with the question–answer pairs of that SMS being specifications of the experiments that will occur and the outcome of those experiments, respectively. Next we derive conditions justifying two important patterns of inference in both mathematical and scientific reasoning: (i) the practice of increasing one’s degree of belief in a claim as one observes increasingly many lines of evidence for that claim, and (ii) abduction, the practice of inferring a claim’s probability of being correct from its explanatory power with respect to some other claim that is already taken to hold for independent reasons.","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140569879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eliminativism and the QCD $$theta _{text {YM}}$$-Term: What Gauge Transformations Cannot Do 消除主义与 QCD $$theta _{text {YM}}$-Term：量子变换无法做到的事情

IF 1.5 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00759-5

Henrique Gomes, A. Riello

引用次数: 0