Foundations of Physics最新文献_第3页

The Determinacy Problem in Quantum Mechanics 量子力学中的确定性问题

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00808-z

Cristian Mariani

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Dressing vs. Fixing: On How to Extract and Interpret Gauge-Invariant Content 敷料与修补：如何提取和解释量具不变内容

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00809-y

P. Berghofer, J. François

{"title":"Dressing vs. Fixing: On How to Extract and Interpret Gauge-Invariant Content","authors":"P. Berghofer, J. François","doi":"10.1007/s10701-024-00809-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-024-00809-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is solid consensus among physicists and philosophers that, in gauge field theory, for a quantity to be physically meaningful or real, it must be gauge-invariant. Yet, every “elementary” field in the Standard Model of particle physics is actually gauge-variant. This has led a number of researchers to insist that new manifestly gauge-invariant approaches must be established. Indeed, in the foundational literature, dissatisfaction with standard methods for reducing gauge symmetries has been expressed: Spontaneous symmetry breaking is deemed conceptually dubious, while gauge fixing suffers the same limitations and is subject to the same criticisms as coordinate choices in General Relativity. An alternative gauge-invariant proposal was recently introduced in the literature, the so-called “dressing field method” (DFM). It is a mathematically subtle tool, and unfortunately prone to be confused with simple gauge transformations, hence with standard gauge fixings. As a matter of fact, in the physics literature the two are often conflated, and in the philosophy community some doubts have been raised about whether there is any substantial difference between them. Clarifying this issue is of special significance for anyone interested in both the foundational issues of gauge theories and their invariant formulation. It is thus our objective to establish as precisely as possible the technical and conceptual distinctions between the DFM and gauge fixing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"54 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-024-00809-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Complementary Detector and State Preparation Error and Classicality in the Spin-j Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm Experiment 互补探测器和状态准备误差与爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森-玻姆自旋实验中的经典性

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00805-2

Anupam Garg

{"title":"Complementary Detector and State Preparation Error and Classicality in the Spin-j Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm Experiment","authors":"Anupam Garg","doi":"10.1007/s10701-024-00805-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-024-00805-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spin-<i>j</i> Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm experiment is examined in the context of how the quantum theoretic probability distributions for the spin measurement outcomes are to be coarse-grained in order to yield classical behavior in the <span>(j rightarrow infty )</span> limit. A coarse-graining protocol is found that can be viewed as imperfection either in the detection process or in state preparation process, and is in both viewpoints minimal in the sense that it is no more than what is needed to wash out the execess quantum correlations. In the first point of view the coarse-grained distribution can be written in terms of a Bell-type factorizable hidden variable model wherein the conditional distributions for the spin measurement outcome of each particle is not just nonnegative but actually attains the value zero for some choice of measurement axis. In the second point of view the coarse-grained distribution arises from a spin state whose Wigner function is not just nonnegative but actually attains the value zero for some spin orientations. That such a remarkable dual interpretation should be possible suggests that this type of complementary coarse graining is an intrinsic aspect of how classicality is obtained in the large <i>j</i> limit, but this conclusion remains speculative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"54 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142519002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Conservation Laws in Quantum Database Search 量子数据库搜索中的守恒定律

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00806-1

Li-Yi Hsu, Ching-Hsu Chen

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Reply to Hofer-Szabó: The PBR Theorem hasn’t been Saved 回复霍费尔-萨博：PBR定理尚未得到拯救

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00807-0

Marcoen J. T. F. Cabbolet

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Freedom in the Many-Worlds Interpretation 多世界诠释中的自由

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00802-5

Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

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Prediction and Inference: From Models and Data to Artificial Intelligence 预测与推理：从模型和数据到人工智能

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00803-4

Luca Gammaitoni, Angelo Vulpiani

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Epistemic–Pragmatist Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics: A Comparative Assessment 量子力学的认识论-实用主义解释：比较评估

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00804-3

Ali Barzegar, Daniele Oriti

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A Proposal for a Metaphysics of Self-Subsisting Structures. II. Quantum Physics 关于自存结构形而上学的建议》。二、量子物理学量子物理学

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00800-7

Antonio Vassallo, Pedro Naranjo, Tim Koslowski

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The Evolutionary Versus the All-at-Once Picture of Spacetime 时空的进化论与全时论

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00799-x

M. Ebrahim Maghsoudi, Seyed Ali Taheri Khorramabadi

{"title":"The Evolutionary Versus the All-at-Once Picture of Spacetime","authors":"M. Ebrahim Maghsoudi, Seyed Ali Taheri Khorramabadi","doi":"10.1007/s10701-024-00799-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-024-00799-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There are two metaphysical pictures of spacetime: The evolutionary picture and the all-at-once picture. According to the evolutionary picture, spacetime is nothing but the evolution of space over time. In contrast, the all-at-once picture considers spacetime as ‘a global, four-dimensional boundary value problem’ that can be solved only in an all-at-once manner, i.e. as a whole which is fundamentally four-dimensional and non-decomposable into spatial and temporal parts. The two most-known formulations of general theory of relativity, i.e. the Hamiltonian (or the canonical) and the Lagrangian (or the standard) formulations, enjoy the evolutionary and all-at-once pictures of spacetime respectively. Here, we have argued that (1) the all-at-once picture is more aligned with the philosophy of relativity theory, i.e. uniting space and time into spacetime, (2) the evolutionary picture is not as general as the all-at-once, since only in special cases, such as globally hyperbolic spacetimes, is it possible to deal with spacetime as the evolution of a spatial slice over time, and (3) the all-at-once picture paves the way to better understanding <i>four-dimensional</i> physical entities, like event horizons, which cannot be explained within an evolutionary picture without raising a paradox. Therefore, the evolutionary picture is neither the <i>fundamentally-true</i> nor the <i>naturally-chosen</i> picture of spacetime. Rather, we choose the evolutionary picture for practical and computational reasons. While the all-at-once picture seems a more appropriate description of the quantum and cosmological reality, the evolutionary picture can be applied occasionally and locally, or quasi-locally, and is not the proper metaphysical picture of spacetime at the fundamental level of reality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"54 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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