Foundations of Physics最新文献_第2页

A Participatory Universe in the Realist Mode: On the Separation of Observational and Agentive Perspectives in Classical and Quantum Mechanics 现实主义模式下的参与性宇宙：论经典力学与量子力学中观测视角与代理视角的分离

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00843-4

Jenann Ismael

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Curved Spacetimes from Quantum Mechanics 量子力学中的弯曲时空

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00847-0

László B. Szabados

{"title":"Curved Spacetimes from Quantum Mechanics","authors":"László B. Szabados","doi":"10.1007/s10701-025-00847-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-025-00847-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ultimate extension of Penrose’s Spin Geometry Theorem is given. It is shown how the <i>local</i> geometry of any <i>curved</i> Lorentzian 4-manifold (with <span>(C^2)</span> metric) can be derived in the classical limit using only the observables in the algebraic formulation of abstract Poincaré-invariant elementary quantum mechanical systems. In particular, for any point <i>q</i> of the classical spacetime manifold and curvature tensor there, there exists a composite system built from finitely many Poincaré-invariant elementary quantum mechanical systems and a sequence of its states, defining the classical limit, such that, in this limit, the value of the distance observables in these states tends with asymptotically vanishing uncertainty to lengths of spacelike geodesic segments in a convex normal neighbourhood <i>U</i> of <i>q</i> that determine the components of the curvature tensor at <i>q</i>. Since the curvature at <i>q</i> determines the metric on <i>U</i> up to third order corrections, the metric structure of curved <span>(C^2)</span> Lorentzian 4-manifolds is recovered from (or, alternatively, can be <i>defined</i> by the observables of) abstract Poincaré-invariant quantum mechanical systems.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"55 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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A No-Go Theorem for (psi )-Ontic Models? No, Surely Not! (psi ) -Ontic模型的不可行定理？不，当然不是！

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00845-2

Shan Gao

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The Quantum Theory of the Electromagnetic Field in the Weyl–Wigner Representation as a Local Realistic Model 作为局部现实模型的Weyl-Wigner表示中的电磁场量子理论

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00835-4

Emilio Santos

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Radical Perspectivalism, Locality and Relativity 激进透视主义、局部性与相对性

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00844-3

Dennis Dieks

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Contradiction Between Classical and Quantum Physics for the Aharonov–Bohm Deflection Direction 经典物理与量子物理在Aharonov-Bohm偏转方向上的矛盾

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00840-7

Timothy H. Boyer

{"title":"Contradiction Between Classical and Quantum Physics for the Aharonov–Bohm Deflection Direction","authors":"Timothy H. Boyer","doi":"10.1007/s10701-025-00840-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-025-00840-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the <i>magnitude</i> of the shift in the double-slit interference pattern when two electron beams pass outside a long solenoid has been confirmed in beautiful experiments, the direction of the deflection does not seem to appear in the published literature. It is claimed that careful quantum analysis gives a deflection direction opposite from that given by a classical electrodynamic analysis. Here we give a <i>classical</i> analysis of the interaction, and emphasize that the angle of deflection does not involve Planck’s constant. It is again suggested that a classical lag effect of order <span>(1/c^{2})</span> forms the basis for the observed shift in the particle interference pattern. The effect is claimed to be the analogue of a nonrelativistic electric effect, and the analogous magnetic and electric <i>forces</i> are given for the two different situations. The magnetic interaction is considered in two different inertial frames where different electromagnetic fields are involved. An optical analogy is also mentioned. Finally, we note that electromagnetic fluctuations might wash out the lag effect for macroscopic solenoids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Laws, Initial Conditions and Physical Modality: Lessons from Cosmology 定律、初始条件和物理形态：来自宇宙学的教训

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00841-6

Antonis Antoniou

{"title":"Laws, Initial Conditions and Physical Modality: Lessons from Cosmology","authors":"Antonis Antoniou","doi":"10.1007/s10701-025-00841-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-025-00841-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Certain considerations from cosmology (Ellis, in: arXiv preprint, 2006. arXiv:astro-ph/0602280; Stud Hist Philos Mod Phys 46:5–23, 2014) and other areas of physics (Sklar, in: PSA Proceedings of the biennial meeting of the philosophy of science association, pp. 551–564, 1990; Frisch, in: Philos Sci 71:696–706, 2004) pose challenges to the traditional distinction between laws and initial conditions, indicating the need for a more nuanced understanding of physical modality. A solution to these challenges is provided by presenting a conceptual framework according to which laws and fundamental lawlike assumptions within a theory’s nomic structure determine what is physically necessary and what is physically contingent from a physical theory’s point of view. Initial conditions are defined within this framework in terms of the possible configurations of a physical system allowed by the laws and other lawlike assumptions of a theory. The proposed deflationary framework of physical modality offers an alternative way of understanding the distinction between laws and initial conditions and allows the question of the modal status of the initial conditions of the Universe to be asked in a meaningful way.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-025-00841-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plane Wave Solutions to a Proposed “Equation of Everything” “万物方程”的平面波解

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00839-0

Robert A. Close

{"title":"Plane Wave Solutions to a Proposed “Equation of Everything”","authors":"Robert A. Close","doi":"10.1007/s10701-025-00839-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-025-00839-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plane waves of spin angular momentum density in an ideal elastic solid are analyzed using vector and bispinor descriptions. In both classical and quantum physics, spin density is the axial vector field whose curl is equal to twice the incompressible intrinsic momentum density. The second-order vector wave equation assumes that temporal changes of spin density in an ideal elastic solid are attributable to convection, rotation, and torque density. The corresponding first-order wave equation for Dirac bispinors incorporates terms describing wave propagation, convection, rotations of the medium and rotations of wave velocity relative to the medium. The two rotation terms are also operators for rotational kinetic energy and conventional potential energy, respectively. The potential energy corresponds to half the mass term of the free electron Dirac equation. Bispinor plane wave solutions are constructed consistent with the usual dynamical operators of relativistic quantum mechanics. Lagrangian and Hamiltonian densities are also constructed with each term having a clear classical physics interpretation. The intrinsic momentum associated with the Belinfante–Rosenfeld stress tensor is explained. Application to elementary particles is discussed, including classical physics analogues of the Pauli exclusion principle, interaction potentials, fermions, bosons, and antimatter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-025-00839-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Weak Particle Presence 弱粒子存在

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00837-2

Bethany Terris

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Perspectives in and on Quantum Theory 量子理论的观点

IF 1.2 3区物理与天体物理

Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00838-1

Richard Healey

{"title":"Perspectives in and on Quantum Theory","authors":"Richard Healey","doi":"10.1007/s10701-025-00838-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-025-00838-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>I take a pragmatist perspective on quantum theory. This is not a view of the world described by quantum theory. In this view quantum theory itself does not describe the physical world (nor our observations, experiences or opinions of it). Instead, the theory offers reliable advice—on when to expect an event of one kind or another, and on how strongly to expect each possible outcome of that event. The event’s actual outcome is a perspectival fact—a fact relative to a physical context of assessment. Measurement outcomes and quantum states are both perspectival. By noticing that each must be relativized to an appropriate physical context one can resolve the measurement problem and the problem of nonlocal action. But if the outcome of a quantum measurement is not an absolute fact, then why should the statistics of such outcomes give us any objective reason to accept quantum theory? One can describe extensions of the scenario of Wigner’s friend in which a statement expressing the outcome of a quantum measurement would be true relative to one such context but not relative to another. However, physical conditions in our world prevent us from realizing such scenarios. Since the outcome of every actual quantum measurement is certified at what is essentially a single context of assessment, the outcome relative to that context is an objective fact in the only sense that matters for science. We should accept quantum theory because the statistics these outcomes display are just those it leads us to expect.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0