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Perspectivism and Quantum Mechanics 透视主义和量子力学
IF 1.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-06-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00937-7
Philipp Berghofer, Mahdi Khalili
{"title":"Perspectivism and Quantum Mechanics","authors":"Philipp Berghofer,&nbsp;Mahdi Khalili","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00937-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00937-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This special issue brings perspectivism, as a recent development in the philosophy of science, into contact with non-objectivist interpretations of quantum mechanics. By “objectivist interpretations,” broadly understood, we mean interpretations that seek to eliminate operational notions such as “measurement” from the fundamental postulates of the theory and insist that quantum mechanics, like classical mechanics, yields a purely objective, third-person description of how reality evolves in time. The guiding hypothesis, exemplified in several contributions to this issue, is that quantum mechanics supports perspectivist approaches to science, and that perspectivism can serve as a suitable philosophical-conceptual framework for certain interpretations of quantum mechanics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Decision-Theoretic Approach to Dealing with Uncertainty in Quantum Mechanics 处理量子力学中不确定性的决策理论方法
IF 1.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00936-8
Keano De Vos, Gert de Cooman, Alexander Erreygers, Jasper De Bock
{"title":"A Decision-Theoretic Approach to Dealing with Uncertainty in Quantum Mechanics","authors":"Keano De Vos,&nbsp;Gert de Cooman,&nbsp;Alexander Erreygers,&nbsp;Jasper De Bock","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00936-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00936-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We provide a decision-theoretic framework for dealing with uncertainty in quantum mechanics. This uncertainty is two-fold: on the one hand there may be uncertainty about the state the quantum system is in, and on the other hand, as is essential to quantum mechanical uncertainty, even if the quantum state is known, measurements may still produce an uncertain outcome. In our framework, measurements therefore play the role of acts with an uncertain outcome and our postulates ensure that Born’s rule is encapsulated in the utility functions associated with such acts. This approach allows us to uncouple (precise) probability theory from quantum mechanics, in the sense that it leaves room for a more general, so-called imprecise probabilities approach. We discuss the mathematical implications of our findings, which allow us to give a decision-theoretic foundation to recent seminal work by Benavoli, Facchini and Zaffalon, and we compare our approach to earlier and different approaches by Deutsch and Wallace.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dynamics of States of Infinite Quantum Systems as a Cornerstone of the Second Law of Thermodynamics 无限量子系统的状态动力学是热力学第二定律的基石
IF 1.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-06-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00933-x
Walter F. Wreszinski
{"title":"Dynamics of States of Infinite Quantum Systems as a Cornerstone of the Second Law of Thermodynamics","authors":"Walter F. Wreszinski","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00933-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00933-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We improve on our version of the second law of thermodynamics as a deterministic theorem for quantum spin systems [1] in two basic aspects. The first concerns the general statement of the second law: spontaneous changes in an adiabatically closed system will always be in the direction of increasing (mean) entropy, which rises to a maximal value. In order to arrive at this statement, we have to extend the previous definition of adiabatic transformation, in order to include sudden interactions, and thereby generalize the “barrier model”. The cornerstone of the second law is then seen to be the fact that the dynamics may induce a basic structural transition between states of infinite systems in the limit of large times, which, physically, represent times much larger than specific relaxation times. Two specific examples concern the transition from pure to mixed states in two different universality classes of dynamics in one dimension, one being the exponential model, which has exactly soluble dynamics and does not display a phase transition, the other the Dyson model(s), for which neither the dynamics nor the statistical mechanics are exactly soluble, and which do exhibit a (ferromagnetic) phase transition, first demonstrated by Dyson. It is also shown, as a consequence of results of Albert and Kiessling on the Cloitre function, that there is strong graphical evidence that the dynamics of the Dyson models are chaotic for large times, and, thereby, that the mechanisms of approach to equilibrium differ for these two universality classes in a profound way, which depend exclusively on the dynamics, and not on the states and observables.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-026-00933-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Tensorial Structure of General Covariant Quantum Systems 关于一般协变量子系统的张量结构
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00934-w
Gabriel M. Carral, Iñaki Garay, Francesca Vidotto
{"title":"On the Tensorial Structure of General Covariant Quantum Systems","authors":"Gabriel M. Carral,&nbsp;Iñaki Garay,&nbsp;Francesca Vidotto","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00934-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00934-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The definition of a quantum system requires a Hilbert space, a way to define the dynamics, and an algebra of observables. The structure of the observable algebra is related to a tensor product decomposition of the Hilbert space and represents the composition of the system by subsystems. It has been remarked that the Hamiltonian may determine this tensor product structure. Here we observe that this fact may lead to questionable consequences in some cases, and does extend to the more general background-independent case, where the Hamiltonian is replaced by a Hamiltonian constraint. These observations reinforce the idea that specifying the observables and the way they interplay with the dynamics is essential to define a quantum theory. We also reflect on the general role that system decomposition has in the quantum theory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148236811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lagrangian and Multisymplectic Descriptions of Classical Fields: A Connection in the Momentum Representation 经典场的拉格朗日和多辛描述：动量表示中的一个联系
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00935-9
J. F. Pérez-Barragán
{"title":"Lagrangian and Multisymplectic Descriptions of Classical Fields: A Connection in the Momentum Representation","authors":"J. F. Pérez-Barragán","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00935-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00935-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The multisymplectic Hamiltonian formalism is a generalization of the Hamiltonian formalism that manifestly preserves covariance in the description of fields and that has been proposed as a possible framework for developing a Lorentz-covariant, canonical quantization scheme. However, the possibility of defining multiple Poisson brackets within this formalism has significantly limited its practical use in field theory. In this paper, we establish a connection between the Lagrangian and multisymplectic descriptions of classical fields interacting with point particles in the field’s momentum representation by deriving the image of the de Donder–Weyl function for a general tensor representation of the Lorentz group. The calculation is carried out explicitly for the complex scalar field, the electromagnetic field, and the classical Dirac field. On this basis, we propose a Lorentz-covariant Poisson bracket with respect to the canonical variables of the fields, thereby opening the possibility of studying the complete system within a consistent relativistic and canonical framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-026-00935-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148236444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rescher’s Aporetics and a Road to the Voigt and Lorentz Transformations 研究者的辩论学和通往Voigt和Lorentz转换的道路
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00931-z
Jon Pérez Laraudogoitia
{"title":"Rescher’s Aporetics and a Road to the Voigt and Lorentz Transformations","authors":"Jon Pérez Laraudogoitia","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00931-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00931-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the classical distinction between context of discovery and context of justification considered by many to have been overcome, heuristics (understood in a broad sense) has increasingly rekindled the interest of philosophers of science. Building on this trend, a heuristic approach to the Voigt transformation (based on Rescher’s Aporetics) is first presented – a topic on which there seem to be no precedents in the literature. Second, the value of this approach is defended from a philosophical (and, indirectly, pedagogical) viewpoint. By using this approach, several conceptual links in the theory of space-time can be highlighted (links which go unnoticed in classical hypothetical-deductive methods leading to the Voigt transformation). Third, Rescher’s aporetics also suggests a heuristic path from the previously obtained Voigt transformation to the Lorentz transformation. Taken together, the proposed heuristic route enables the structure of the conceptual process underpinning the following chain of links (obviously not logical, but heuristic) Galileo ⇒ Voigt ⇒ Lorentz to be presented in an original and unified form. According to this route, an interesting sense is thus established in that the Voigt transformation occupies a natural place between the Galilean and Lorentz transformations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-026-00931-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Small-Scale Gravitational Anomaly Induced by Peculiar Massive Photon Dynamics 由特殊的大质量光子动力学引起的小尺度引力异常
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-05-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00932-y
Himanshu Kumar, Behnam Pourhassan, Hoda Farahani, Sudhaker Upadhyay
{"title":"Small-Scale Gravitational Anomaly Induced by Peculiar Massive Photon Dynamics","authors":"Himanshu Kumar,&nbsp;Behnam Pourhassan,&nbsp;Hoda Farahani,&nbsp;Sudhaker Upadhyay","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00932-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00932-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While well-tested at solar system scales, Newtonian gravity exhibits anomalies at larger scales and accelerations below <span>(10^{-9} m/s^2)</span>. Although Yukawa-like modifications can reconcile these anomalies with general relativity up to solar system scales, they face challenges at galactic scales. Notably, gravitational anomalies at accelerations <span>(le 10^{-9} m/s^2)</span> for separations down to <span>(50, mu)</span>m remain undetected experimentally. This paper presents a mathematical framework for Yukawa modification of Newtonian gravity in weak acceleration regimes <span>((le 10^{-9} m/s^2))</span> and small separations (<span>(le 30 , mu)</span>m) using an extended space model with an extra dimension. This model suggests a vacuum-sourced inertia effect from peculiar photons, with implications for the Mach principle. These photons’ entanglement scale (<span>(le 30, mu)</span>m) hints at the possibility of longer-range photon entanglement via analytic continuation, opening new avenues for research in quantum gravity and cosmology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Intrinsic and Extrinsic Hierarchy Problems 内在和外在层次问题
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00930-0
James D. Wells
{"title":"The Intrinsic and Extrinsic Hierarchy Problems","authors":"James D. Wells","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00930-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00930-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Hierarchy Problem of elementary particle physics can be divided into two separate problems: the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Hierarchy Problems. The Intrinsic Hierarchy Problem (IHP) arises when the Wilsonian renormalization group induces a large <span>(Lambda _textrm{UV}^2)</span> cutoff dependence on a much lighter scalar mass, creating a large finetuning. The Extrinsic Hierarchy Problem (EHP) arises when the IR theory is augmented with generically assumed extra states and interactions in the UV, making the resulting IR effective theory appear highly finetuned. The IHP is straightforward to analyze within a theory, but has suspicious regulator dependence, which has been suggested by some to be indication of a faux problem. The EHP is less straightforward to analyze, but has strength of physical intuition. We analyze EHP as a formal paradox, spelling out its premises and reasoning. From this we classify solutions to the EHP in terms of premise violations, and we articulate why some purported solutions to the Hierarchy Problem only partially solve the IHP and leave the EHP unaddressed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-026-00930-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gravity, Fine-Structure Constant and Natural Units – Some Thoughts Based on Dimensional Analysis – 重力、精细结构常数与自然单位——基于量纲分析的一些思考
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00929-7
Robi Banerjee
{"title":"Gravity, Fine-Structure Constant and Natural Units – Some Thoughts Based on Dimensional Analysis –","authors":"Robi Banerjee","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00929-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00929-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Here we discuss direct links of the number of fundamental dimensions to the fundamental natural constants using simple arguments of dimensional analysis based on Maxwell’s dimensions length (L), time (T) and mass (M) as well as the constants <i>G</i>, <i>c</i>, <span>(hbar )</span> and <i>e</i>. We find that the form of the fine-structure constant is a direct consequence of this connection. Additionally, our approach emphasises that gravity is a quite distinct area of physics which is not yet successfully quantised, i.e. not yet combined with quantum mechanics. We also discuss different unit systems based on dimensional analysis and natural constants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-026-00929-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147830053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Causality and Predictivity 论因果性和预测性
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00928-8
Damiano Anselmi
{"title":"On Causality and Predictivity","authors":"Damiano Anselmi","doi":"10.1007/s10701-026-00928-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-026-00928-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Certain approaches to quantum gravity, such as the one based on the concept of purely virtual particles (fakeons), sacrifice the cause-effect relation at very small scales to reconcile renormalizability with unitarity. Other developments have also urged caution regarding the idea of causality as a fundamental principle. In this paper, we examine the problem from multiple perspectives, including locality and predictivity, and extend the existing skepticism in several directions. Emphasizing the impact of unruly “disruptors”, we point out that the illusory arrow of time associated with causality and predictivity is inherently statistical. This renders the cause-effect relation strained at the microscopic level. We also show that causation is a borderline concept that demands belief in entities which can act on nature without being part of it. Ultimately, not only is renouncing microcausality a reasonable price to pay for a consistent and predictive theory of quantum gravity (as is the one based on the fakeon idea), but the very notion of causality is misleading. Resting as it does on metaphysical assumptions, it should therefore be abandoned in fundamental physics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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