Foundations of Chemistry最新文献_第10页

Periodic tables for cations + 1, + 2, + 3 and anions − 1. Quantitative characteristics for manifestations of internal periodicity and kainosymmetry 阳离子+ 1，+ 2，+ 3和阴离子- 1的元素周期表。内部周期性和凯诺对称性表现的定量特征

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09421-2

Naum S. Imyanitov

{"title":"Periodic tables for cations + 1, + 2, + 3 and anions − 1. Quantitative characteristics for manifestations of internal periodicity and kainosymmetry","authors":"Naum S. Imyanitov","doi":"10.1007/s10698-022-09421-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10698-022-09421-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper describes the construction of the Periodic Tables for cations of all elements with charges + 1, + 2, + 3 and anions with charge − 1. The Table for cations<sup>+1</sup> differs significantly from other newly constructed Tables and from known Tables, as the d- and f-blocks are inserted into s-block and split it up for two parts. Importantly, a new type of 3d- and 4f-shell contractions has been discovered. The manifestations of secondary periodicity in case of anions is absent or opposite to the manifestations observed for atoms and cations. For kainosymmetric anions, the ionization energies are lowered, which contradicts the theoretical assumptions and experimental data supporting the classical concept of kainosymmetry. Simple formulas are proposed for quantitative description of the manifestations of internal periodicity and kainosymmetry. The regularities of change in these manifestations depending on the charge and the position of ions or atoms in the Periodic Table are established. In the 6th period, the bifurcation in the properties characteristic of the internal periodicity does not occur at usual position, i.e. in the middle of the row from the block of the Periodic Table (p<sup>3</sup>–p<sup>4</sup>), but takes place earlier, along with the transition of the electronic configurations p<sup>2</sup>–p<sup>3</sup>. In other words, the place of transition from \"early\" to \"late\" elements changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":568,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Chemistry","volume":"24 2","pages":"189 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10698-022-09421-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4238253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Brick by brick 一砖一瓦

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-021-09415-6

Peter Atkins

引用次数: 0

Chemistry: progress since 1860—reflections on chemistry and chemistry education triggered by reading Muspratt’s Chemistry 化学:1860年以来的进步——阅读穆斯普拉特的《化学》引发的对化学和化学教育的反思

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09424-z

Alan Goodwin

{"title":"Chemistry: progress since 1860—reflections on chemistry and chemistry education triggered by reading Muspratt’s Chemistry","authors":"Alan Goodwin","doi":"10.1007/s10698-022-09424-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10698-022-09424-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper was inspired by the author’s fortunate acquisition of a copy of an original copy of “Muspratt’s Chemistry” that was published in 1860. This raised, for the author, interesting and significant issues regarding the chemistry content and its presentation in the context of chemistry and education today. The paper is presented in two parts: Part 1 explores the content, structure and gives reactions to and insights into the original publication, whereas Part 2 provides a focus on the developments in chemistry education as experienced by the author during almost 70 years of learning and teaching chemistry in schools and in teacher education in England. James Sheridan Muspratt (1821–1871) is best remembered for this publication which is fully entitled “Chemistry, theoretical, practical and analytical as applied and relating to Arts and Manufactures”. This was developed during the period 1852–1860 and ran into several editions as well as being translated into German and Russian. Earlier he had done chemistry research with Liebig and Hofmann, and in 1848 he founded the Liverpool College of Chemistry. It is clear that he corresponded extensively with many of the leading nineteenth century chemists in the UK and Europe, many of whose names are still familiar with us today.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":568,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Chemistry","volume":"24 1","pages":"121 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4758041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Special theory of relativity in chemistry 化学中的狭义相对论

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09420-3

Nenad Raos

引用次数: 0

Interview with Eric Scerri 采访Eric Scerri

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09418-x

Edit Talpsepp

引用次数: 1

Plato on chemistry 柏拉图论化学

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09426-x

Ernesto Paparazzo

{"title":"Plato on chemistry","authors":"Ernesto Paparazzo","doi":"10.1007/s10698-022-09426-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10698-022-09426-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is a notion commonly acknowledged that in his work Timaeus the Athenian philosopher Plato (<i>c</i>. 429–347 BC) laid down an early chemical theory of the creation, structure and phenomena of the universe. There is much truth in this acknowledgement because Plato’s “chemistry” gives a description of the material world in mathematical terms, an approach that marks an outstanding advancement over cosmologic doctrines put forward by his predecessors, and which was very influential on western culture for many centuries. In the present article, I discuss inter-transformations among Plato’s four types (fire, air, water, and earth) as well as the interpretation they received in the literature. I find that scientists and scholars generally emphasized (and often misunderstood) mathematical aspects of these “reactions” over the philosophical ones. I argue that Plato’s “chemistry” in fact bears on crucial topics of his philosophical system, such as Forms, Becoming, causation and teleology. I propose that consideration of these doctrines help to understand not only the sense of his “chemical” reactions, but also the reason why their stoichiometry is by surface balance and is restricted only to types that come to be and pass away but not to those that provoke the inter-transformations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":568,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Chemistry","volume":"24 2","pages":"221 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4043031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The habit of the pipe: a layperson’s view of the periodic table 管的习惯:一个外行人对元素周期表的看法

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09422-1

Sérgio Luís da Silva

引用次数: 0

Disparities and conceptual connections regarding the concept of substance in general chemistry textbook glossaries 普通化学教科书词汇中关于物质概念的差异与概念联系

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09425-y

Larissa Moreira Ferreira, Jean Pscheidt Weiss, Marcelo Lambach

{"title":"Disparities and conceptual connections regarding the concept of substance in general chemistry textbook glossaries","authors":"Larissa Moreira Ferreira, Jean Pscheidt Weiss, Marcelo Lambach","doi":"10.1007/s10698-022-09425-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10698-022-09425-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concept of substance is considered fundamental in order to understand chemistry and other related concepts, but many problems have been reported about its learning process. Considering the importance of textbooks in the training of chemistry teachers, this study aimed to identify the concepts of substance in general chemistry textbook glossaries. In addition, the study assessed the concepts of substance in relation to other chemical concepts and, when available, compared them with the concepts established by the IUPAC (Compendium of chemical terminology, 2 ed. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1997). The methodology employed was content analysis and the results showed that concepts and statements related to the term ‘substance’ are different in the general chemistry textbooks analyzed. They also differ from those stated by IUPAC. Furthermore, it was found that many concepts are dependent on the concept of substance. It is concluded that there must be a greater effort from the community of chemists and the teaching of chemistry in the search for conceptual uniformity to reduce the problems of conceptual understanding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":568,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Chemistry","volume":"24 2","pages":"171 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4967557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge building in chemistry education 化学教育中的知识建构

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09419-w

Margaret A. L. Blackie

引用次数: 6

What happened when chemists came to classify elements by their atomic number? 当化学家开始按原子序数对元素进行分类时，发生了什么?

IF 0.9 3区化学

Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10698-022-09423-0

K. Brad Wray

引用次数: 2