化学:1860年以来的进步——阅读穆斯普拉特的《化学》引发的对化学和化学教育的反思

IF 1.8 3区 化学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Alan Goodwin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇论文的灵感来自于作者幸运地获得了1860年出版的《穆斯普拉特的化学》的原版。这为作者提出了关于化学内容及其在当今化学和教育背景下的表现的有趣而重要的问题。本文分为两部分:第一部分探讨了内容、结构,并对原始出版物给出了反应和见解,而第二部分则重点介绍了作者在英国近70年的学校化学教学和教师教育中所经历的化学教育发展。James Sheridan Muspratt(1821-1871)最为人所铭记的是他的这本名为“化学,理论,实践和分析应用于艺术和制造”的出版物。这是在1852年至1860年期间开发的,有几个版本,并被翻译成德语和俄语。早些时候,他曾与李比希和霍夫曼一起做化学研究,并于1848年创立了利物浦化学学院。很明显,他与19世纪英国和欧洲的许多主要化学家广泛通信,其中许多人的名字今天仍然为我们所熟悉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chemistry: progress since 1860—reflections on chemistry and chemistry education triggered by reading Muspratt’s Chemistry

This paper was inspired by the author’s fortunate acquisition of a copy of an original copy of “Muspratt’s Chemistry” that was published in 1860. This raised, for the author, interesting and significant issues regarding the chemistry content and its presentation in the context of chemistry and education today. The paper is presented in two parts: Part 1 explores the content, structure and gives reactions to and insights into the original publication, whereas Part 2 provides a focus on the developments in chemistry education as experienced by the author during almost 70 years of learning and teaching chemistry in schools and in teacher education in England. James Sheridan Muspratt (1821–1871) is best remembered for this publication which is fully entitled “Chemistry, theoretical, practical and analytical as applied and relating to Arts and Manufactures”. This was developed during the period 1852–1860 and ran into several editions as well as being translated into German and Russian. Earlier he had done chemistry research with Liebig and Hofmann, and in 1848 he founded the Liverpool College of Chemistry. It is clear that he corresponded extensively with many of the leading nineteenth century chemists in the UK and Europe, many of whose names are still familiar with us today.

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来源期刊
Foundations of Chemistry
Foundations of Chemistry HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-
自引率
22.20%
发文量
35
期刊介绍: Foundations of Chemistry is an international journal which seeks to provide an interdisciplinary forum where chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, educators and sociologists with an interest in foundational issues can discuss conceptual and fundamental issues which relate to the `central science'' of chemistry. Such issues include the autonomous role of chemistry between physics and biology and the question of the reduction of chemistry to quantum mechanics. The journal will publish peer-reviewed academic articles on a wide range of subdisciplines, among others: chemical models, chemical language, metaphors, and theoretical terms; chemical evolution and artificial self-replication; industrial application, environmental concern, and the social and ethical aspects of chemistry''s professionalism; the nature of modeling and the role of instrumentation in chemistry; institutional studies and the nature of explanation in the chemical sciences; theoretical chemistry, molecular structure and chaos; the issue of realism; molecular biology, bio-inorganic chemistry; historical studies on ancient chemistry, medieval chemistry and alchemy; philosophical and historical articles; and material of a didactic nature relating to all topics in the chemical sciences. Foundations of Chemistry plans to feature special issues devoted to particular themes, and will contain book reviews and discussion notes. Audience: chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, chemical educators, sociologists, and other scientists with an interest in the foundational issues of science.
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