{"title":"Enhanced Root Mean Square Model for Electric Vehicle Chargers: Addressing Balanced Faults With Multi-Manufacturer Variability","authors":"Muneki Masuda;Hayato Satoh","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3569302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3569302","url":null,"abstract":"Japan aims to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, with a target of 100% sale of electric vehicles (EVs) by 2035. An increase in EV charging demand changes the characteristics of load demand and in turn, affects power system stability. Therefore, a load model that considers EV charger characteristics is required. We had developed and verified an EV charger model through a root mean square analysis following balanced faults. To an extent, this model represents the voltage and frequency responses caused by balanced faults. However, it is based on only one representative manufacturer, and the model’s versatility and practicality need improvement. This study experimentally investigated the responses of EV chargers manufactured by several manufacturers. Each EV charger’s response was characterized. The developed model was improved to represent the response of each EV charger. The model parameters for each charger type were identified by comparing and validating the measured and simulated responses following balanced faults. An excellent match between the measured and simulated responses demonstrated that the developed model and the identified parameters accurately simulated the response following balanced faults. This model and the identified parameters can enable a more accurate assessment of EV charger impact on power system stability.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"284-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11002605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konstantinos F. Krommydas;Christos-Spyridon G. Karavas;Konstantinos A. Plakas;Edward Hanlon;Efthimia Chassioti;Ioannis Moraitis
{"title":"Utilizing Novel Modular Static Synchronous Series Compensators for Increased RES Integration and Cross-Border Power Flows","authors":"Konstantinos F. Krommydas;Christos-Spyridon G. Karavas;Konstantinos A. Plakas;Edward Hanlon;Efthimia Chassioti;Ioannis Moraitis","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3568346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3568346","url":null,"abstract":"Developing innovative technologies is considered a critical enabler to successfully integrate large amounts of renewable generation and ensure the stable operation of power systems. In this paper, we propose a novel modular static synchronous series compensator (M-SSSC) that can adjust transmission line reactance in real-time in order to change network power flows. For the first time, a detailed demonstration in a real transmission system is presented that shows how such an innovative technology can maximize overall network utilization and manage operational constraints. Usually, only power flow simulations studies are presented that inevitably contain model inaccuracies and design assumptions. By exploiting the concepts of correlation coefficient and linear regression we demonstrate how the M-SSSC can facilitate renewable generation and cross-border power flows. A comparison with other innovative technologies such as phase shifting transformers, unified power flow controllers and dynamic line rating systems is presented. It is showcased that the proposed technology can be a suitable economical solution when distributed impedance control is needed, has a smaller footprint per ohm impedance, and depicts various advantages, such as rapid deployability, scalability and redeployability compared to other technologies. Furthermore, the M-SSSC can offer real-time, granular control and coordination between multiple deployments is possible, to optimize system power flows.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"245-258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10994270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengya Wang;Li Pan;Guannan He;Gengyin Li;Jie Song;Ming Zhou;Jianxiao Wang
{"title":"Constructing a Biomass-Data Center Nexus for Circular Economy-Based Energy Systems Integration","authors":"Pengya Wang;Li Pan;Guannan He;Gengyin Li;Jie Song;Ming Zhou;Jianxiao Wang","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3567739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3567739","url":null,"abstract":"The dual challenges of energy crises and waste management have spurred interest in a circular economy, where biomass, valued for its carbon neutrality, is crucial. Remote areas, rich in biomass, are also becoming hubs for data center (DC) construction. Despite DCs’ low energy efficiency and production of low-grade waste heat, recovering this heat offers a promising path toward a circular economy. There are few systematic studies on the relationships among DC energy supply, waste heat generation, and renewable energy resources. In this study, we formulate day-ahead, real-time optimal scheduling strategies to provide electricity, heat, and gas using a complementary photovoltaic-biomass system. The biogas production process requires heat to promote the anaerobic reaction, and the adaptation temperature of anaerobic bacteria matches the low-quality waste heat generated from of the DC. We realize a circular economy by coupling a DC and a renewable energy system by directly using the waste heat from the DC and by using the queuing theory of the DC’s delay tolerance workload for partial load response. Moreover, the nonlinearity in the process is linearized by the least squares method. Actual data calculations show that the introduction of biogas can result in a fully renewable energy supply. Based on specific configurations—including a 350 kW PV system, 450 kWh BSS, 250 kW CHP unit, and an AD operating at 20°C to 45°C—the system is tested under 0% and 50% carbon emission scenarios. The DC workload combines delay-tolerant and delay-sensitive tasks, enabling flexible scheduling for energy and heat optimization, the power usage effectiveness (PUE) of the DC decreases from 1.73 to 1.24, operating expenses decrease by 36.06%, and system energy consumption decreases by 44.6%.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"270-283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10990273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyi Yang;Tao Chen;Yuanshi Zhang;Ciwei Gao;Xingyu Yan;Hongxun Hui;Xiaomeng Ai
{"title":"The Optimal Operation Strategy of an Energy Community Aggregator for Heterogeneous Distributed Flexible Resources","authors":"Xinyi Yang;Tao Chen;Yuanshi Zhang;Ciwei Gao;Xingyu Yan;Hongxun Hui;Xiaomeng Ai","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3549113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3549113","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread integration of renewable energy into the grid emphasizes the issues of power system uncertainty and insufficient flexibility. Heterogeneous flexible distributed resources can address the above challenges by interacting with distribution networks. This paper proposes a multi-timescale optimal operation strategy for an energy community that aggregates multiple distributed resources. Based on flexibility indicators including the degree of load variation and task laxity, a tri-level structure involving distribution system operators (DSOs), aggregators, and the home energy management system (HEMS) is developed. The aggregator serves as mediator between customers and DSOs, gathering the end user’s flexibility through the rescheduling of household appliances to leverage both upward and downward energy adjustments. According to different scenarios and application requirements, a multi-time-scale rolling optimal dispatch model is proposed. The day-ahead dispatch is combined with the Model Predictive Control (MPC) method to achieve fine-grained rolling adjustment of the power dispatch instructions of distributed resources with different time scales. Finally, a simulation experiment example is constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results demonstrate that the economic benefits of end users and aggregators are improved with more grid-friendly load curves.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"157-170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10916768","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Average Power-Based Planning Framework of Transmission Expansion: A New Role for Energy Storage","authors":"Qian Zhang;P. R. Kumar;Le Xie","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3548911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3548911","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a framework and computational algorithm that utilizes energy storage systems in pairs to improve transmission capacity in electric power systems. Recognizing prolonged development timelines and urgent needs for inter-regional transmission corridors, this paper proposes a near-term supplementary solution that schedules pairs of energy storage systems to increase the throughput of congested transmission lines effectively. We establish a theoretical lower bound on the minimum capacity required for electric power delivery, defined as a function of cumulative power over time. In sharp contrast with conventional transmission planning based on peak power delivery, this new framework allows transmission capacity to be designed around average power delivery needs. This shift would significantly enhance asset utilization in a future grid with large renewable power fluctuations. Numerical experiments demonstrate the proposed method across various grids. In the RTS-GMLC system, the minimum line capacity required was reduced by 36.8% compared to peak-based planning and further decreased by 43.5% when contingency scenarios were considered. In the Texas synthetic grid, the approach achieved a 46.2% reduction in line capacity while maintaining system reliability. These results highlight storage’s potential as a transmission asset, providing practical guidance for planning and policy while enabling insights into future market designs.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"122-134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10915681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kapu V. Sri Ram Prasad;K. Dhananjay Rao;Guruvulu Naidu Ponnada;Umit Cali;Taha Selim Ustun
{"title":"A Novel Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motor by Using Various Soft Computation Techniques: BESO-RDFA","authors":"Kapu V. Sri Ram Prasad;K. Dhananjay Rao;Guruvulu Naidu Ponnada;Umit Cali;Taha Selim Ustun","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3547731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3547731","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a hybrid prediction technique for fault detection of induction machines. The established hybrid forecast scheme signifies the combined execution of Bald-Eagle- Search-Optimization (BESO) and Random-Decision-Forest-Algorithm (RDFA), called as BESO-RDFA prediction scheme. This proposed technique is used to predict the fault within a short period in the rotating machines. By considering the machine defects the RDFA is trained by using the BESO-based exact prediction with data in online mode. The MATLAB/Simulink work platform is employed to execute the model, which is then assessed using multiple techniques to forecast attributes and models of impending stator failure. A new robust diagnostic design is established to analyze the incipient stator winding failures. Simulation analysis shows the detection and isolation method with great sensitivity indicating the incipient winding failures.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"146-156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10909623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data-Driven Chance-Constrained Capacity Offering for Wind-Electrolysis Joint Systems","authors":"Xuemei Dai;Chunyu Chen;Bixing Ren;Shengfei Yin","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3545858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3545858","url":null,"abstract":"An alkaline water electrolyzer (AWE) that converts surplus electricity from fluctuating power of a wind farm (WF) is a promising technology for large-scale and cost-effective hydrogen production. By considering the complementarity of the AWEs and the WF in offering market services, this paper treats the AWE and the WF as a coalition and proposes a joint bidding strategy in the energy and regulation markets to maximize the coalition’s revenue. To overcome the influence of wind and hydrogen uncertainties, we first establish a data-driven distributionally robust chance-constrained bidding model, which reduces market risks by observing uncertainty-related chance constraints for any distribution in the ambiguity set. Then, we use the Shapley value method to evaluate the marginal contribution of the AWE and the WF. Further we propose a game-theory-based bidding revenue allocation scheme. Eventually, case studies based on real-world market data demonstrate that the total profit of the proposed joint bidding strategy increases 27.4% if compared with individual bidding strategy. The average marginal cost of hydrogen production can be reduced by <inline-formula> <tex-math>$5.1~ {$}/$ </tex-math></inline-formula>kg if compared with only participating in the energy market.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"111-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10908898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eve Tsybina;Viswadeep Lebakula;Piljae Im;Helia Zandi;Jeffrey Munk;Justin Hill
{"title":"Resident Tolerance to Transitional Temperature Deviation in Smart Communities","authors":"Eve Tsybina;Viswadeep Lebakula;Piljae Im;Helia Zandi;Jeffrey Munk;Justin Hill","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3566333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3566333","url":null,"abstract":"Choosing the right HVAC system or the right algorithm of implementing demand response could create significant energy and environmental gains while maintaining resident comfort. However, these choices are closely related to the concept of user comfort, which in turn requires a reasonable fit between user preferences and temperature setpoints. While setting the temperature right is a well-researched question, systems in transition from one setpoint to another are currently not thoroughly addressed in research. But how tolerant the residents really are if a system spends a large share of time outside of the comfort setpoint? This study gives some early insights on how the deviation of temperature from the setpoint affect perceived resident comfort. We use two weeks of data for a smart neighborhood located in Atlanta, GA. We find that the system spends 20% - 50% of time deviating from the setpoint by more than 1°F. However, we do not find that increasing deviations cause resident complaints or increasing overrides.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"297-305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10981769","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mario D. Baquedano-Aguilar;Sean Meyn;Arturo Bretas
{"title":"Coherency-Constrained Spectral Clustering for Power Network Reduction","authors":"Mario D. Baquedano-Aguilar;Sean Meyn;Arturo Bretas","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3538619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3538619","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology for reducing the complexity of large-scale power network models using spectral clustering, aggregation of electrical components, and cost function approximation. Two approaches are explored using unconstrained and constrained spectral clustering to determine areas for effective system reduction. Once the system areas are determined, both loads and generators by type are aggregated, and their new cost function is approximated through polynomial curve-fitting or statistical methods. The performance of reduced networks is evaluated in terms of their ability to follow the true daily cost of the original system over a 24-hour period considering a set of several days. Two test systems are taken as test beds. Application of the methodology to a modified version of the IEEE 39-bus system reduces it from 17 generators to a 4-bus system and 9 generators with about 93% of accuracy. Similarly, the IEEE 118-bus system is reduced from 19 generators to a 3-bus system with three aggregated units achieving over 99% of accuracy. These findings address scalability challenges and enhance accuracy for high and mid-loading level conditions, and by aggregating thermal units with similar cost functions.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"88-99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10870381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Massaoudi;Maymouna Ez Eddin;Ali Ghrayeb;Haitham Abu-Rub;Shady S. Refaat
{"title":"Advancing Coherent Power Grid Partitioning: A Review Embracing Machine and Deep Learning","authors":"Mohamed Massaoudi;Maymouna Ez Eddin;Ali Ghrayeb;Haitham Abu-Rub;Shady S. Refaat","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3535709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2025.3535709","url":null,"abstract":"With the escalating intricacy and expansion of the interconnected electrical grid, the likelihood of power system (PS) collapse has escalated dramatically. There is an increased emphasis on immunizing renewable-dominated power systems from large-scale cascading failures and cyberattacks through optimal power grid partitioning (PGP). By altering the network’s topology, partitioning aims to create areas within the PS that are not only robust but also have increased flexibility in generation and improved controllability over variable demand. This article provides an updated review of the cutting-edge machine learning and data-driven techniques used for PGP in networked PSs. To this end, an in-depth exploration of the basic principles of PGP and performance quantification is provided. The coherency adequacy and controlled islanding within the power network are comprehensively discussed. Subsequently, state-of-the-art research that envisions the use of clustering-based machine learning and deep learning-based solutions for PGP is presented. Finally, key research gaps and future directions for effective PGP are outlined. This paper provides PS researchers with a bird’s eye view of the current state of mainstream PGP implementations. Additionally, it assists stakeholders in selecting the most appropriate clustering algorithms for PGP applications.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"12 ","pages":"59-75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10855832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}