Pediatrics and Neonatology最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the causal association between age at menarche and genetic susceptibility to future gastroesophageal reflux disease risks: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Chung-Chih Liao, Chun-I Lee, Chia-Sheng Chu, Shih-An Wu, Jung-Miao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evidence indicates that menarche onset is associated with various health outcomes. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent condition, which may be influenced by the age at menarche (AAM). The study aims to investigate the potential causal relationship between the AAM and GERD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from genome-wide association studies summary statistics for AAM and GERD as instrumental variables. Various MR methods were applied to estimate causal effects, supplemented by sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 69 SNPs associated with the AAM were used after rigorous selection to ensure absence of linkage disequilibrium or association with confounding factors. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method indicated a significant inverse association between genetically predicted AAM and GERD (odds ratio, 0.89; 95 % confidence interval, 0.85-0.94). These findings were consistent across weighted median and weighted mode analyses. The MR-Egger regression analysis suggested no significant directional pleiotropy. Heterogeneity was detected among instrumental variables; however, the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis confirmed the association stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We provided robust evidence supporting an inverse causal relationship between the AAM and GERD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibitor to successfully treat an infant with metastatic pineoblastoma","authors":"Chia-Yu Cheng ,&nbsp;Muh-Lii Liang ,&nbsp;Hsi-Che Liu ,&nbsp;Jen-Yin Hou ,&nbsp;Jia-Yun Huang ,&nbsp;Chun-Chao Huang ,&nbsp;Ting-Chi Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":"66 4","pages":"Pages 400-401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does supplementation of choline during or after pregnancies exposed to alcohol improve neurocognitive development of children? A meta-analysis","authors":"Gabriel M. Lino ,&nbsp;Isadora N. de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Vitor O.A. de Amorim ,&nbsp;Cristiane C. Bresani-Salvi ,&nbsp;Valda L.M. Luna ,&nbsp;Pauliana V.M. Galvão ,&nbsp;George A.M. Conrado","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Alcohol impairs early cognitive development, especially in utero exposures. Nutrient supplementation may avert some of its consequences.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We reviewed whether prenatal and postnatal choline supplementation could improve neurocognitive development in children of alcohol-exposed pregnancies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials published up to May 01, 2024. Data were analyzed using Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) with 95 % Confidence Intervals (CI) and a random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses and the posterior probability of benefit (Pr) were calculated using a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five trials were included in this review. Prenatal supplementation likely benefits memory (SMD 0.61, 95 % CI 0.19 to 1.02; Pr_(SMD&gt;0) = 96.29 %; I² = 0 %; 2 trials; 94 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Postnatal supplementation may improve global cognition (SMD 0.78, 95 % CI 0.21 to 1.34; Pr_(SMD&gt;0) = 96.94 %; I² = 13 %; 2 trials; 62 participants; low-certainty evidence) and a small benefit to attention was only demonstrated in the Bayesian analysis (postnatal: SMD 0.44, 95 % CI -0.73 to 1.61; Pr_(SMD&gt;0) = 91.80 %; I² = 84 %; 2 trials; 83 participants; low-certainty evidence).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Supplementation of choline in either period could benefit neurocognitive development in children of heavy-drinking mothers.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>CRD42024537733 (PROSPERO).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":"66 4","pages":"Pages 297-304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"lncRNA HCP5 regulates inflammation and oxidative stress of neonatal sepsis via modulating miR-93-5p.","authors":"Yueying Qi, Xin Li, Yuting Cai, Jiaxi Xie, Jinkai Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to the high sensitivity to pathogenic microorganisms, newborns showed a high incidence and mortality of sepsis. The dysregulation of non-coding RNAs may play a key role in the immune regulation of neonatal sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate the potential function of lncRNA human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen complex P5 (HCP5) in the inflammation and oxidative stress of neonatal and to disclose its potential molecular mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The neonatal sepsis animal models were established with newborn rat pups by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). The macrophage cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic the sepsis injury. The expression of HCP5 was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and regulated by corresponding transfections. The inflammatory response was estimated by the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and the oxidative stress was assessed by the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The proliferation of macrophage cells was evaluated by the CCK8 assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HCP5 was significantly upregulated in neonatal sepsis rat models, of which the knockdown suppressed the inflammation and oxidative stress induced by CLP. In vitro, HCP5 was found to negatively regulate miR-93-5p in LPS-induced macrophage cells, which co-regulated the proliferation, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in macrophage cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Upregulated HCP5 in neonatal sepsis rats regulated inflammation and oxidative stress, and it also modulated macrophage cell via regulating miR-93-5p.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nocturnal enuresis on school-age children and their families in Thailand: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ornatcha Sirimongkolchaiyakul, Chanon Sutheparank, Yupaporn Amornchaicharoensuk","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a chronic problem that causes distress in children and their families. NE affects daily living activities, relationships, behavior, emotions, and social interactions. However, data on the effects of NE on Thai children are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of NE and the associated factors on children with NE and their parents or guardians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study included 349 children with primary NE and 246 with secondary NE, all from Bangkok, Thailand. Their parents or guardians completed a validated questionnaire and rated the severity of the effects of NE on a Likert scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the children with primary NE, 30.9 % rated it as not affecting them at all, 28.7 % as affecting them slightly, and 18.9 % as affecting them moderately. Of those with secondary NE, 36.2 % rated it as affecting them slightly, 28.9 % as not affecting them at all, and 18.3 % as affecting them moderately. Primary (32.1 %) and secondary NE (39.8 %) had the most effect on children's confidence. Primary and secondary NE affected 61.6 % and 60.2 % of parents or guardians, respectively, through the increased burden of housework from washing bedsheets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NE demonstrated slight effects on children with NE and their parents or guardians. In the children, NE most affected their self-confidence, and in the parents and guardians, NE increased the burden of housework. In managing NE, physicians should evaluate its adverse effects on children and their parents or guardians.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of vesicoureteral reflux: High detrusor pressure versus low ureteral resistance A narrative review","authors":"Tze-Chen Chao ,&nbsp;Li Yi Lim ,&nbsp;Stephen S. Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this narrative review is to deepen the understanding of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) by exploring its historical context, current treatments and their outcomes, as well as offering an alternative perspective on this condition.</div><div>VUR was first identified in patients with neurogenic bladder following spinal cord injury; it has since been linked to urinary tract infections in newborns and children. The classical theory of primary VUR is that it is caused by the short submucosal ureteral tunnel which leads to low ureteral resistance, thus leading to the development of various surgical methods to increase the ureteral resistance. However, growing evidence indicates that secondary VUR, caused by elevated detrusor pressure, may be a more common cause. Hence, it is critical to identify low urinary tract obstruction during the voiding cystourethrogram or raised detrusor pressure as the cause of the VUR before attempting surgical correction. More studies are necessary to support this position and enhance the treatment outcomes for VUR patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":"66 5","pages":"Pages 414-418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart rate variability as an early predictor for children with SARS-CoV-2-associated encephalopathy.","authors":"Yu-Shin Lee, Hung-Tao Chung, Shao-Hsuan Hsia, Oi-Wa Chan, En-Pei Lee, Kuang-Lin Lin, Jainn-Jim Lin, Han-Ping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although encephalopathy and encephalitis are uncommon complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, they can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess heart rate variability in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection and determine those at risk of progressing to SARS-CoV-2-associated encephalopathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between September 1, 2022 and December 8, 2023 were prospectively enrolled and divided into encephalopathic and non-encephalopathic groups. The non-encephalopathic group was further classified into mild, moderate, and severe/critical disease groups. One-minute electrocardiography was recorded on the first day of admission. Heart rate variability indices were compared between the encephalopathic and non-encephalopathic groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 72 children (30 girls [41.7 %] and 42 boys [58.3 %]) with SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled, with age ranging from 1 month to 18 years. Of these children, 15 (20.8 %) were classified into the encephalopathic group, and 57 (79.2 %) were classified into the non-encephalopathic group. We compared heart rate variability indices and found that both time domain analysis (SDNNc and RMSSDc) and nonlinear Poincaré plot analysis (SD1/SD2 ratio) were lower in the encephalopathic group and severe/critical disease group than in the mild and moderate severity non-encephalopathic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Heart rate variability parameters were significantly lower in the severe/critical disease group and the encephalopathic group compared to the mild to moderate severity groups. The implications of heart rate variability, particularly when considering neurological symptoms, as a predictor of disease progression to encephalopathy require further evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor skills as early indicators for cognitive development in preterm infants with very low birth weight.","authors":"Yen Ting Chen, Sot-Fu Lei, Chia-Hua Tang, Hsiu-Man Lin, Yueh-Tang Weng, Chen-Yu Yeh, Kai-Cheng Hsu, Ya-Lun Wu, Huang-Tsung Kuo","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preterm babies born with very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight <1500 g) have inferior long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes to term babies. This study aimed to identify early predictive neurodevelopmental factors for future cognitive outcomes that could serve as indicators for early intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal cohort study enrolled 146 VLBW preterm infants, identified between 2011 and 2020. Each child underwent four neurodevelopmental assessments (at ages 6,12, 24, and 60 months) using the Bayley-III and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-IV examinations. Correlation and linear regression analyses were performed to determine the correlation between early neurodevelopmental status and late cognitive outcomes. We concurrently considered neonatal medical complications and socioeconomic variables as risk factors to develop a prediction model of cognitive outcomes at five years old.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 146 VLBW children, born with a mean weight of 1090.4 ± 229.6 g and a mean gestational age of 28.2 ± 2.0 weeks, were evaluated. At 6 months of age, motor outcome was the only factor that exhibited a significant correlation with cognitive development at 5 years of age (p < 0.01, r = 0.242). The strength of the correlation between motor and cognitive function increased with age, reaching greater significance at 12 and 24 months (p < 0.001, r = 0.409 and 0.472, respectively). The linear regression model demonstrated that neonatal medical conditions and Bayley motor score at six months old predicted 26% of the variance in the Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) at five years old.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the present study show that motor function was the earliest and persistent predictor of FSIQ. This underscores the importance of prioritizing motor development in interventions as early as six months of age, which could substantially advance the timing of early intervention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balloon dilatation therapy for postoperative bowel stricture following primary anastomosis of colonic atresia: A case report","authors":"Jaesang Ryu ,&nbsp;Yeon Jun Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 282-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating treatment efficacy in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder by analyzing the movement-induced deformation of load cells under a chair in a simulated classroom: A pilot study.","authors":"Rong-Ching Wu, Yi-Hung Chiu, Chen-Sen Ouyang, Rei-Cheng Yang, Lung-Chang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Several tools are available for evaluating the efficacy of ADHD treatment, such as, for example, the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP-IV) questionnaire; and the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale. However, these scales are subjective. In this study, we developed an objective method by using load cells for evaluating the efficacy of ADHD treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A situational classroom was prepared to simulate a real classroom. The setup included a desk, a chair, and a large screen. The four legs of the chair were equipped with load cells-materials that deform under force. These cells are used to detect the activity of patients with ADHD. This study included 13 patients with ADHD (12 boys and 1 girl). Before and after 1-month treatment with methylphenidate 10 mg p.o. QD, the patients were instructed to watch an age-appropriate educational video on Mathematics while sitting. Their movements were indicated by data gathered from the load cells under the chair. The average trajectory length (ATL) was measured to analyze the signal from the load cells. SNAP-IV questionnaires were completed by parents and teachers before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ATL values before and after treatment were 0.0316 ± 0.0139 and 0.0208 ± 0.0127 (p = 0.0055), respectively. The patients' SNAP-IV scores assigned by parents before and after treatment were 38.89 ± 8.07 and 23.67 ± 16.87 (p = 0.0167) and those provided by teachers were 44.11 ± 11.47 and 22.22 ± 13.50 (p = 0.0048), respectively. The coefficients of the correlations between ATL values and SNAP-IV hyperactivity-impulsivity scores from parents and from teachers were 0.109 and 0.200, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the smart chair equipped with load cells is an effective tool for objectively evaluating the efficacy of ADHD treatment on hyperactivity of children with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}