Factors associated with scoliosis development in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A single-center retrospective study.

Abstract

Background: Scoliosis is the most frequent complication of musculoskeletal abnormalities in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, but the factors that related to its development and severity remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the clinical factors associated with the development and severity of scoliosis in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Methods: Thirty-two patients admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for congenital diaphragmatic hernia at the University of the Ryukyus Hospital between 2004 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, particularly those who were discharged alive and had available chest radiographs at 4-5 years of age from medical records. The presence of scoliosis was determined using the chest radiographs. Basic and medical information was also extracted from the patients' medical records.

Results: Factors associated with scoliosis development were an Apgar score <7 points, liver prolapse, and intubation period. The Cobb angle exhibited a significant positive correlation with intubation period, hospital stay duration, and tube feeding duration.

Conclusion: Patients with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia have a high risk of developing scoliosis and may need to begin comprehensive intervention by a multidisciplinary medical team at an early stage.