Pediatrics and Neonatology最新文献

{"title":"Ureaplasma colonization increases the risk of moderate-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia despite postnatal treatment in newborns: a retrospective study based on the latest diagnostic criteria for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.","authors":"Feng-Juan Ji, Jia-Jun Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the correlation of Ureaplasma and azithromycin with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included infants who tested positive for Ureaplasma in their respiratory tract and were treated with azithromycin, categorizing them into the study group. A control group was composed of infants who tested negative for Ureaplasma during the same specified period. The primary outcome included the incidence and severity of BPD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 260 infants were included in our study. There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of BPD between the two groups (32.3 % vs. 23.1 %, P = 0.096). However, the study group had a higher proportion of moderate-severe BPD (18.5 % vs. 7.7 %, P = 0.010) and maternal prenatal azithromycin (50.8 % vs. 36.2 %, P = 0.017) compared to the control group. Multivariate analysis indicated that Ureaplasma colonization (OR, 2.781; 95 % CI, 1.101-7.024; P = 0.030) was an independent risk factor, while maternal prenatal azithromycin treatment (OR, 0.343; 95 % CI, 0.137-0.856; P = 0.022) was an independent protective factor for the development of moderate-severe BPD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant correlation between Ureaplasma and the development of moderate-severe BPD in preterm infants. Prenatal azithromycin treatment in mothers may reduce the incidence of moderate-severe BPD, but postnatal treatment in infants may not have the same effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The newborn with abnormal platelets aggregation who survived spontaneous splenic rupture: a case report.","authors":"Tal Golan Lagziel, Michal Eisenstadt, Liran Tamir Hostovsky","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenotonsillar hypertrophy and frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis in patients with sickle cell disease at Mulago hospital, Kampala: An unmatched case-control study.","authors":"Brian Muhereza, Christopher Ndoleriire, Grace Ndeezi, Sedrack Matsiko, Stella Nabawanga, Nakasagga Esther","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This unmatched case-control study compared the mean frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease patients aged 2-17 years with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) and those without at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Central Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From September to December 2022, sickle cell disease patients aged 2-17 years were examined using headlight illumination, a tongue depressor, and a post-nasal x-ray to diagnose adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Social-demographic characteristics, medical history, and physical examination findings were recorded using a data collection form. Patients who had bone pain requiring hospitalization in the previous 6 months were regarded as having a vaso-occlusive crisis. Those with a diagnosis of ATH (cases) were compared to those without (controls). Data were collected and managed using an open data kit (ODK) and analysed using STATA version 16. A T-test was used to compare the mean frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis between Cases and Controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in the mean frequency of painful vaso-occlusive crises suffered in the previous 6 months between cases and controls (p value = 0.018). Age of 15-18 years [OR(CI):1.56, AOR:2.59; p = 0.047], females [OR(CI):1.68, AOR: 2.35; p = 0.003], snoring [OR(CI):12.01, AOR:8.4; p < 0.0001], and children who predominately breathe through the mouth [OR(CI):12.92, AOR:5.14; p = 0.001] were all associated with increased odds of adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Among disease-modifying factors, patients who were taking hydroxyurea [OR(CI): 2.16, AOR: 2.33; p = 0.027] had higher odds of adenotonsillar hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with sickle cell disease and adenotonsillar hypertrophy are at risk of suffering more pain vaso-occlusive crises compared to their healthy counterparts. The presence of obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children with sickle cell disease increases sickle cell morbidity, so more attention to these children through routine screening, diagnosis, and timely therapeutic intervention could reduce the morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid electroencephalographic deterioration preceding clinical signs of uncal herniation in pediatric acute fulminant cerebral edema.","authors":"Jie-Jhu Jhang, Oi-Wa Chan, En-Pei Lee, Shao-Hsuan Hsia, Kuang-Lin Lin, Jainn-Jim Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 on psychophysiology and quality of life among children during omicron surge in Taiwan.","authors":"Yu-Ting Zhou, Tu-Hsuan Chang, Chia-Wei Lin, Chi-Yung Shang, Sue-Huei Chen, An-Ti Shih, Fen-Ling Chen, Susan Shur-Fen Gau, Luan-Yin Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Taiwan experienced an outbreak of the COVID-19 omicron variant in March 2022. We investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the psychophysiology and quality of life of children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled children under 18 from June to November 2023, dividing them into three groups based on their COVID-19 history: simple COVID, long COVID, and non-COVID. We collected demographic data and symptoms and conducted various surveys including the Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short-Form, Family APGAR, social and school behaviors, and family cohesion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 797 subjects, 573 (71.9 %) were confirmed cases, and 224 (28.1 %) were not infected. Fourteen percent (84/573) reported symptoms lasting over three months and were classified into the long COVID group. The long COVID group had significantly more physical and psychological symptoms than the non-COVID group (all p < 0.05). Compared to the simple COVID and non-COVID groups, the long COVID group showed significantly more fatigue, higher severe mMRC grades, greater depression tendencies, higher negative affect scores, and lower well-being (all p < 0.001). Additionally, depressive children in the COVID group experienced more stress about returning to school (p = 0.01), more family dysfunction (p = 0.01), less family support (p = 0.008), and fewer problem-solving abilities in their families (p = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The long COVID group had more severe physical and psychological symptoms, family dysfunction, and school-related stress, indicating a need for further assistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of antenatal magnesium sulfate administration on parathyroid hormone secretion in preterm infants.","authors":"Satomi Inomata, Yuko Wada, Kyota Sasamoto, Riko Kato, Mitsuhide Nagaoka, Yukako Kawasaki, Kentaro Tamura, Taketoshi Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) administration has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on calcium metabolism in preterm infants. However, its effects on parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in infants remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of antenatal MgSO₄ on parathyroid function in preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Preterm infants born at 28-33 weeks of gestation were divided into two groups: the Mg group (infants who received antenatal MgSO₄, n = 41) and the non-Mg group (infants who did not receive antenatal MgSO₄, n = 24). Neonatal blood samples, collected within 0.5-3 h after birth, were analyzed for serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, and whole PTH levels. Biochemical data were compared between the groups, and multivariate analysis was performed to assess antenatal MgSO₄ as an independent factor associated with lower whole PTH levels. The relationships between serum calcium and serum whole PTH levels were also analyzed in each group to evaluate MgSO₄'s suppressive effect on parathyroid function during hypocalcemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum whole PTH levels were significantly lower in the Mg group (24.7 ± 20.1 pg/mL) than in the non-Mg group (56.2 ± 47.1 pg/mL, p = 0.002). Serum phosphorus, magnesium, and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly elevated in the Mg group (p < 0.001 for all). Multivariate analysis confirmed that antenatal MgSO₄ was an independent factor associated with lower whole PTH levels, even after adjusting for gestational age, sex, and serum calcium levels (β = -0.44, p < 0.001). A significant inverse correlation between serum whole PTH and serum calcium levels was observed in the non-Mg group (ρ = -0.77, p < 0.001), but not in the Mg group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antenatal MgSO₄ administration reduces PTH levels and suppresses the parathyroid response to hypocalcemia in preterm infants. Postnatal calcium homeostasis should be closely monitored in these infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placental transfer of rituximab in extremely low birth weight infants: KREC as a tool for neonatal immune assessment.","authors":"Tsuguma Terukina, Shutaro Suga, Nao Ohama, Toshihiko Manabe, Hikaru Takahashi, Junpei Shibahara, Mayumi Kawase, Keisuke Taku, Reiji Fukano","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing oxygen delivery for neonatal resuscitation through self-inflating bags in settings without air-oxygen blenders.","authors":"Tzu-Ching Sung, Hsiang-Chin Hsu, Yun-Ju Chen, Yuh-Jyh Lin, Chyi-Her Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Resuscitation guidelines recommend fractional inspired oxygen (FiO₂) of 0.21-0.30 for infants at <35 weeks gestation. However, without an air-oxygen blender, an FiO₂ < 0.3 is difficult to achieve with a self-inflating resuscitation bag (SIRB). This study investigated the effects of adjustments to the oxygen flow rate (FR), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), and ventilation rate (VR) on FiO₂ levels with SIRBs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two nondisposable SIRBs were used: a 280 mL bag (40 cm H₂O pop-off valve) and a 62 mL bag with a reservoir tube (25 and 40 cm H₂O pop-off valve). Both SIRBs were supplied with 100 % oxygen and connected to a flow meter, pressure gauge, oxygen analyzer, and test lung. FR (0.5, 1, 2, 5, or 10 L/min), PIP (20-29, 30-39, or ≥ 40 cm H₂O), and VR (40, 50, or 60/min) parameters were tested sequentially. FiO₂ was measured every 30 s for 150 s total, and each parameter combination was evaluated three times. Data were analyzed with a stepwise generalized linear model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FiO₂ levels stabilized after 60-90 s of bagging across all settings, ranging from 0.27 to 0.82 and 0.40-1.0 for the 280 and 62 mL SIRBs, respectively. A higher FR increased FiO₂ levels, whereas a higher PIP decreased FiO₂ levels. VR increases did not affect FiO₂ except at an FR ≥ 5 L/min. An FiO₂ < 0.30 was achievable only with the 280 mL SIRB at 0.5 L/min FR and PIP >40 cm H₂O. FR had the greatest effect (R² = 0.4916) on FiO₂. SIRB, PIP, VR, and bagging duration further improved the model's predictive power (R² = 0.9578).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A suitable SIRB, FR, PIP, and VR are crucial for FiO₂ titration in resuscitation. Further validation of these findings in clinical studies is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reevaluating cutoffs of serum 25-OH-D for vitamin D deficiency in early infancy.","authors":"Chien-Ming Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of hematology parameters and symptoms in children with HCMV infection across different age groups.","authors":"Yingying Wang, Zhou Zheng, Lijuan Kan, Dan Xiong, Xiuming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children are vulnerable to Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, the majority of infections of which are asymptomatic, which often leads to missed diagnoses. Missing early diagnosis and treatment may have adverse consequences for the child. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the hematological parameters and clinical symptoms in HCMV-infected infants and children under 6 years old.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study conducted a retrospective analysis of laboratory data from 223 children aged 0 day to 6 years who had undergone urine HCMV-DNA test at the Luohu People's Hospital. We categorized children into two groups based on the results of their urine HCMV-DNA test: the HCMV infected group and the HCMV non-infected group. Furthermore, we divided them into different age groups: 0-21 days, 22 days-<6 months, 6 months-<1 year, 1-<2 years, and 2-6 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lymphocyte percentage (L%) and lymphocyte count (LYM) of HCMV-infected children aged 0-6y were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) of HCMV-infected children aged 0-<1y and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of HCMV-infected children aged 0d-<2y were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05), but this difference was not evident among older children. We found that GGT was highest in HCMV-infected children aged 0-21d and decreased with the increase of age. Furthermore, our data indicate that older children exhibit a reduced diversity of illnesses after infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that HCMV infection can increase lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of children aged from 0 to 6 years and can cause more severe hepatobiliary injury in younger children.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}