Pediatrics and Neonatology最新文献

{"title":"The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health Commission on “the future of neonatology” calls for a change: neonatology needs to learn from adult medicine","authors":"Daniele De Luca MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":"66 5","pages":"Pages 409-410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of post-COVID-19 symptoms and pulmonary functional capacity in children with COVID-19.","authors":"Jeng-Hung Wu, Ching-Chia Wang, Yi Pan, Frank Leigh Lu, En-Ting Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.08.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) present with mild but persistent pulmonary disease. Limited studies have explored post-infection aerobic capacity and quantification of symptoms. This study aimed to quantify post-COVID-19 fatigue, dyspnea, and pulmonary functional capacity while exploring associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study enrolled 6-12-year-old children with COVID-19. Participants' parents completed questionnaires assessing post-COVID-19 fatigue (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, including general, sleep, and cognition, with high scores indicating less severity) and dyspnea (Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale). Six-minute walk tests (6MWT) were performed with records of distances to assess pulmonary functional capacity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study enrolled 21 children with seven (33 %) exhibiting persistent symptoms post-COVID-19 infection. These children had a lower COVID-19 vaccination rate (57 % vs. 100 %, p = 0.026) and a reduced sleep-related fatigue scale (69.0 vs. 80.4, p = 0.043) than those without persistent symptoms. Nineteen children performed the 6MWT achieving a mean distance of 623 m (standard deviation, SD: 231) and a mean Z-score of 2.8 (SD: 1.4). Linear regression analysis identified older age as a risk factor for fatigue (β-coefficient -0.45, p = 0.040), and the cognitive fatigue scale correlated with the Z-score of the 6MWT distances (β-coefficient: -0.56, p = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with post-COVID-19 symptoms had lower vaccination rates and higher sleep-related fatigue levels. Older children experienced more severe fatigue and the performance of 6MWT correlated with cognition-related fatigue scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ureaplasma colonization increases the risk of moderate-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia despite postnatal treatment in newborns: a retrospective study based on the latest diagnostic criteria for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.","authors":"Feng-Juan Ji, Jia-Jun Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the correlation of Ureaplasma and azithromycin with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included infants who tested positive for Ureaplasma in their respiratory tract and were treated with azithromycin, categorizing them into the study group. A control group was composed of infants who tested negative for Ureaplasma during the same specified period. The primary outcome included the incidence and severity of BPD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 260 infants were included in our study. There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of BPD between the two groups (32.3 % vs. 23.1 %, P = 0.096). However, the study group had a higher proportion of moderate-severe BPD (18.5 % vs. 7.7 %, P = 0.010) and maternal prenatal azithromycin (50.8 % vs. 36.2 %, P = 0.017) compared to the control group. Multivariate analysis indicated that Ureaplasma colonization (OR, 2.781; 95 % CI, 1.101-7.024; P = 0.030) was an independent risk factor, while maternal prenatal azithromycin treatment (OR, 0.343; 95 % CI, 0.137-0.856; P = 0.022) was an independent protective factor for the development of moderate-severe BPD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant correlation between Ureaplasma and the development of moderate-severe BPD in preterm infants. Prenatal azithromycin treatment in mothers may reduce the incidence of moderate-severe BPD, but postnatal treatment in infants may not have the same effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologics may promote catch-up growth in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis","authors":"Hsin-Hui Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":"66 5","pages":"Pages 412-413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteration of the gut microbiota in children following SARS- CoV-2 infection in 2021 and 2022 pandemics.","authors":"Geng-Hao Bai, Hung-Yen Cheng, Sheng-Chieh Lin, Yi-Hsiang Hsu, Yin-Tai Tsai, Yu-Chen Yang, Yuan-Hung Wang, Shih-Yen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although the role of intestinal microbiota in adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been studied, limited research exists on children. This study was performed to investigate the clinical significance and association of intestinal microbiota composition in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the 2021 and 2022 pandemic waves in Taiwan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pediatric patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 via real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were randomly enrolled from Shang-Ho Hospital. The study period covered the two SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in Taiwan in 2021 and 2022. Medical records were reviewed for clinical manifestations and cycle threshold (Ct) values, and fecal microbiota enrichment analysis was performed using next-generation sequencing and the linear discriminant analysis effect size method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 21 pediatric patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled-8 from the 2021 pandemic and 13 from the 2022 pandemic. Compared with the 2021 cohort, children infected in 2022 exhibited significantly higher rates of hospitalization (P < 0.001), high fever (>39 °C) (P = 0.0002), and dehydration (P = 0.0001). By contrast, a higher prevalence of a family history of COVID-19 was observed in the 2021 group (P = 0.018). Permutational multivariate analysis of group dispersions (β-dispersion analysis) revealed a trend toward increased β-diversity in the 2021 group (P = 0.06394), along with a higher relative abundance of the genera Peptoniphilus, Fusobacterium, and Morganella.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights differences in clinical presentations between the 2021 and 2022 SARS-CoV-2 pandemic waves and suggests an impact of infection on the gut microbiota in children, with marginally higher β-diversity observed in 2021. These findings provide a foundation for future research into the role of intestinal microbiota in pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The newborn with abnormal platelets aggregation who survived spontaneous splenic rupture: a case report.","authors":"Tal Golan Lagziel, Michal Eisenstadt, Liran Tamir Hostovsky","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiologies and clinical outcomes in pediatric vocal cord dysfunction: A single-center retrospective review.","authors":"Mei-Hsuan Ho, Chih-Yung Chiu, I-Chun Kuo, En-Pei Lee, Chun-Che Chiu, Shen-Hao Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) encompasses diverse etiologies in pediatric patients, causing various symptoms that can even be life-threatening. Although existing literature often categorizes VCD by side of involvement, exploring underlying etiologies may offer a more comprehensive understanding of the disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 65 pediatric patients diagnosed with VCD via flexible bronchoscopy between January 2018 and December 2022 were enrolled, with follow-up extending from diagnosis until December 2022. Characteristics including demographic data, precursor events, clinical and imaging presentations, along with interventions and prognostic outcomes, were analyzed and compared across various potential etiology groups of VCD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were classified into four groups based on potential etiologies of VCD. Patients with central nervous system (CNS) comorbidities (n = 11), mainly hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) (n = 8), had the highest rate of tracheostomy (72.7 %). In contrast, most with peripheral nervous system (PNS) conditions (n = 27), including iatrogenic events and cardiovocal syndrome, were managed conservatively (70.4 %). Those with local events (n = 17), such as intubation history and granulations, had significantly higher rates of undergoing surgical interventions and achieving clinical recovery (both P < 0.05). Among idiopathic cases, sedation medication was considered a potential contributing factor in half (n = 5 out of 10) of the patients. Mortality rates did not differ significantly among the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Etiology-based clinical evaluation and management are essential for promoting long-term outcomes in these patients. Conservative treatment is recommended in patients with consistent respiratory health.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenotonsillar hypertrophy and frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis in patients with sickle cell disease at Mulago hospital, Kampala: An unmatched case-control study.","authors":"Brian Muhereza, Christopher Ndoleriire, Grace Ndeezi, Sedrack Matsiko, Stella Nabawanga, Nakasagga Esther","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This unmatched case-control study compared the mean frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease patients aged 2-17 years with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) and those without at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Central Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From September to December 2022, sickle cell disease patients aged 2-17 years were examined using headlight illumination, a tongue depressor, and a post-nasal x-ray to diagnose adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Social-demographic characteristics, medical history, and physical examination findings were recorded using a data collection form. Patients who had bone pain requiring hospitalization in the previous 6 months were regarded as having a vaso-occlusive crisis. Those with a diagnosis of ATH (cases) were compared to those without (controls). Data were collected and managed using an open data kit (ODK) and analysed using STATA version 16. A T-test was used to compare the mean frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis between Cases and Controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in the mean frequency of painful vaso-occlusive crises suffered in the previous 6 months between cases and controls (p value = 0.018). Age of 15-18 years [OR(CI):1.56, AOR:2.59; p = 0.047], females [OR(CI):1.68, AOR: 2.35; p = 0.003], snoring [OR(CI):12.01, AOR:8.4; p < 0.0001], and children who predominately breathe through the mouth [OR(CI):12.92, AOR:5.14; p = 0.001] were all associated with increased odds of adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Among disease-modifying factors, patients who were taking hydroxyurea [OR(CI): 2.16, AOR: 2.33; p = 0.027] had higher odds of adenotonsillar hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with sickle cell disease and adenotonsillar hypertrophy are at risk of suffering more pain vaso-occlusive crises compared to their healthy counterparts. The presence of obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children with sickle cell disease increases sickle cell morbidity, so more attention to these children through routine screening, diagnosis, and timely therapeutic intervention could reduce the morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid electroencephalographic deterioration preceding clinical signs of uncal herniation in pediatric acute fulminant cerebral edema","authors":"Jie-Jhu Jhang ,&nbsp;Oi-Wa Chan ,&nbsp;En-Pei Lee ,&nbsp;Shao-Hsuan Hsia ,&nbsp;Kuang-Lin Lin ,&nbsp;Jainn-Jim Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":"66 5","pages":"Pages 507-510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 on psychophysiology and quality of life among children during omicron surge in Taiwan.","authors":"Yu-Ting Zhou, Tu-Hsuan Chang, Chia-Wei Lin, Chi-Yung Shang, Sue-Huei Chen, An-Ti Shih, Fen-Ling Chen, Susan Shur-Fen Gau, Luan-Yin Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Taiwan experienced an outbreak of the COVID-19 omicron variant in March 2022. We investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the psychophysiology and quality of life of children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled children under 18 from June to November 2023, dividing them into three groups based on their COVID-19 history: simple COVID, long COVID, and non-COVID. We collected demographic data and symptoms and conducted various surveys including the Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short-Form, Family APGAR, social and school behaviors, and family cohesion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 797 subjects, 573 (71.9 %) were confirmed cases, and 224 (28.1 %) were not infected. Fourteen percent (84/573) reported symptoms lasting over three months and were classified into the long COVID group. The long COVID group had significantly more physical and psychological symptoms than the non-COVID group (all p < 0.05). Compared to the simple COVID and non-COVID groups, the long COVID group showed significantly more fatigue, higher severe mMRC grades, greater depression tendencies, higher negative affect scores, and lower well-being (all p < 0.001). Additionally, depressive children in the COVID group experienced more stress about returning to school (p = 0.01), more family dysfunction (p = 0.01), less family support (p = 0.008), and fewer problem-solving abilities in their families (p = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The long COVID group had more severe physical and psychological symptoms, family dysfunction, and school-related stress, indicating a need for further assistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}