Pediatrics and Neonatology最新文献

{"title":"The impact of therapeutic hypothermia on developmental outcomes in lower-middle income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a health equity lens.","authors":"Cheryl C Hawkins, Elizabeth Spiegel, Diane D Allen, Kathryn Nesbit","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) from birth asphyxia is particularly burdensome on lower-middle income countries (LMICs). Our systematic review examined early and late developmental outcomes related to neonatal therapeutic hypothermia (TH) without disability thresholds or cut-offs pre-determined by high-income countries. A search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases yielded 364 articles; 11 studies met eligibility criteria. According to published standards for reporting of studies, 3 of the 11 studies were good quality and 8 studies were excellent. Within-group changes in early and late developmental outcomes showed large, significant effect sizes (d = -2.07; CI = -0.77, -3.36; d = 3.17; CI = 2.14, 4.21). Between-group differences showed significant effect sizes in late but not early developmental outcomes (d = 0.85; CI = 0.62, 1.07; d = -0.16; CI = -0.58, 0.25). The evidence indicates that TH improves developmental outcomes prior to hospital discharge and after 6 months, and surpasses standard of care for 6-month and later developmental outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical appraisal on neural tube defects and their complexities.","authors":"Fouziya Shaikh, Mallica Sanadhya, Safa Kaleem, Tiya Verma, Richard L Jayaraj, Faizan Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neural tube defects (NTDs), as a group of diseases, are congenital disabilities due to incomplete closure of the neural tube along its length, which otherwise forms the fully developed brain and spinal cord. An amalgamation of genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors plays a role in causing NTDs. They develop relatively early, within the first month of pregnancy-the time of neurulation, which could indicate that the pathogenesis of these diseases could stem from even pre-pregnancy causes like folic acid deficiency. This article provides an overview of the various etiology of NTDs and how they interact, as well as various preventive and curative measures like folic acid and inositol supplementation, stem cell transplant, and postnatal surgery. Identifying potential risk factors can help clinicians develop better management techniques beyond the limited scope of the presently used prophylactic and treatment methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia in neonates: clinical patterns, laboratory findings and outcomes.","authors":"Thi Quynh Nga Nguyen, Duc Quang Le, Thi Minh Hien Hoang, Dang Xoay Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Staphylococcus aureus (SA) pneumonia is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Despite its prevalence, limited studies have focused on clinical presentation, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and outcomes of SA pneumonia in neonates. This study aimed to explore the clinical features, laboratory findings, and outcomes of neonates with SA pneumonia at the National Children's Hospital, Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective observational study on 31 neonates diagnosed with SA pneumonia from January 2022 to June 2023. Clinical data, including demographic details, symptoms, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, antimicrobial susceptibility, and radiological findings, were collected. We analyzed the antibiotic resistance patterns of SA and evaluated factors associated with vancomycin treatment failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 31 neonates, 96.8 % were diagnosed with MRSA pneumonia. The main clinical symptoms were fever (77.4 %), tachypnea (83.9 %), and chest retraction (80.6 %). SA was primarily isolated from endotracheal fluid (71.0 %), pleural fluid (41.9 %), and both combined (51.6 %) with positive blood cultures. Complications were common, with pleural effusion in 54.8 %, pneumothorax in 48.4 %, necrotizing pneumonia in 25.8 %, and lung abscess in 29.0 % of cases. Vancomycin was the primary antibiotic administered, though treatment failure occurred in 38.7 % of cases, necessitating alternative antibiotics, particularly in patients with severe illness requiring mechanical ventilation, vasopressor support, and elevated CRP levels (>15 mg/L). Most strains were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics but sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin. The average hospital stay was 24.4 ± 12.6 days, with a mortality rate of 12.9 %, mainly due to severe respiratory failure and septic shock.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the critical importance of early diagnosis, optimized antibiotic therapy, and careful monitoring to reduce complications and improve survival outcomes in neonates with SA pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic tumors in Iranian children: Characteristics and survival predictors.","authors":"Fateme Ziyaee, Seyed Mohsen Dehghani, Mehdi Forooghi, Ali Bahador, Hamidreza Foroutan, Hamed Nikoupour, Bita Geramizadeh, Mahmood Haghighat, Mohammad Hadi Imanieh, Naser Honar, Iraj Shahramian, Maryam Ataollahi, Narges Ansary, Mehdi Ghasemian, Mahsa Rouhafshari, Zahra Radaei, Maryam Moradian Shahrebabaki, Mohammad Salehi Khatouni","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic tumors are rare in children. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of liver masses in children and identify the independent predictors of their survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of children aged <18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of hepatic tumor diagnosed between January 2008 and December 2023 at two referral centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, southern Iran, were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 153 children with hepatic tumors. The median age of the patients was 2 (IQR, 1-5) years. Abdominal pain and distension, and presence of a palpable mass and fever were the most common signs and symptoms at presentation. The most common tumor was hepatoblastoma (64.5 %) followed by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, 9.9 %). Right hepatectomy and hepatic segmentectomy were the most common surgical approach used. Children with hepatoblastoma were significantly (p < 0.001) younger than those with HCC. The risk of hepatoblastoma in males was twice that in females. Jaundice was not common in those with hepatoblastoma but it was in HCC. About a quarter of patients died. After adjusting for covariates, abdominal pain (adj OR = 4.90) and distension (adj OR = 3.17), and a diagnosis of HCC (adj OR = 13.63) were independent predictors of a poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The characteristics of pediatric hepatic tumors in our study were similar to those reported in most studies. Abdominal pain and distension and presence of HCC or jaundice were independent predictors of a poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infantile pyknocytosis: A rare, but not exceptional, cause of hemolytic anemia.","authors":"Menglu Wu, Haiyan Zhao, Peng Sun, Xiangmao Bu, Jinlian Song, Yanzhen Wan, Tao Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the causal association between age at menarche and genetic susceptibility to future gastroesophageal reflux disease risks: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Chung-Chih Liao, Chun-I Lee, Chia-Sheng Chu, Shih-An Wu, Jung-Miao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evidence indicates that menarche onset is associated with various health outcomes. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent condition, which may be influenced by the age at menarche (AAM). The study aims to investigate the potential causal relationship between the AAM and GERD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from genome-wide association studies summary statistics for AAM and GERD as instrumental variables. Various MR methods were applied to estimate causal effects, supplemented by sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 69 SNPs associated with the AAM were used after rigorous selection to ensure absence of linkage disequilibrium or association with confounding factors. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method indicated a significant inverse association between genetically predicted AAM and GERD (odds ratio, 0.89; 95 % confidence interval, 0.85-0.94). These findings were consistent across weighted median and weighted mode analyses. The MR-Egger regression analysis suggested no significant directional pleiotropy. Heterogeneity was detected among instrumental variables; however, the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis confirmed the association stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We provided robust evidence supporting an inverse causal relationship between the AAM and GERD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibitor to successfully treat an infant with metastatic pineoblastoma.","authors":"Chia-Yu Cheng, Muh-Lii Liang, Hsi-Che Liu, Jen-Yin Hou, Jia-Yun Huang, Chun-Chao Huang, Ting-Chi Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does supplementation of choline during or after pregnancies exposed to alcohol improve neurocognitive development of children? A meta-analysis.","authors":"Gabriel M Lino, Isadora N de Carvalho, Vitor O A de Amorim, Cristiane C Bresani-Salvi, Valda L M Luna, Pauliana V M Galvão, George A M Conrado","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol impairs early cognitive development, especially in utero exposures. Nutrient supplementation may avert some of its consequences.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We reviewed whether prenatal and postnatal choline supplementation could improve neurocognitive development in children of alcohol-exposed pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials published up to May 01, 2024. Data were analyzed using Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) with 95 % Confidence Intervals (CI) and a random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses and the posterior probability of benefit (Pr) were calculated using a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five trials were included in this review. Prenatal supplementation likely benefits memory (SMD 0.61, 95 % CI 0.19 to 1.02; Pr_(SMD>0) = 96.29 %; I² = 0 %; 2 trials; 94 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Postnatal supplementation may improve global cognition (SMD 0.78, 95 % CI 0.21 to 1.34; Pr_(SMD>0) = 96.94 %; I² = 13 %; 2 trials; 62 participants; low-certainty evidence) and a small benefit to attention was only demonstrated in the Bayesian analysis (postnatal: SMD 0.44, 95 % CI -0.73 to 1.61; Pr_(SMD>0) = 91.80 %; I² = 84 %; 2 trials; 83 participants; low-certainty evidence).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Supplementation of choline in either period could benefit neurocognitive development in children of heavy-drinking mothers.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>CRD42024537733 (PROSPERO).</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"lncRNA HCP5 regulates inflammation and oxidative stress of neonatal sepsis via modulating miR-93-5p.","authors":"Yueying Qi, Xin Li, Yuting Cai, Jiaxi Xie, Jinkai Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to the high sensitivity to pathogenic microorganisms, newborns showed a high incidence and mortality of sepsis. The dysregulation of non-coding RNAs may play a key role in the immune regulation of neonatal sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate the potential function of lncRNA human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen complex P5 (HCP5) in the inflammation and oxidative stress of neonatal and to disclose its potential molecular mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The neonatal sepsis animal models were established with newborn rat pups by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). The macrophage cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic the sepsis injury. The expression of HCP5 was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and regulated by corresponding transfections. The inflammatory response was estimated by the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and the oxidative stress was assessed by the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The proliferation of macrophage cells was evaluated by the CCK8 assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HCP5 was significantly upregulated in neonatal sepsis rat models, of which the knockdown suppressed the inflammation and oxidative stress induced by CLP. In vitro, HCP5 was found to negatively regulate miR-93-5p in LPS-induced macrophage cells, which co-regulated the proliferation, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in macrophage cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Upregulated HCP5 in neonatal sepsis rats regulated inflammation and oxidative stress, and it also modulated macrophage cell via regulating miR-93-5p.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nocturnal enuresis on school-age children and their families in Thailand: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ornatcha Sirimongkolchaiyakul, Chanon Sutheparank, Yupaporn Amornchaicharoensuk","doi":"10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a chronic problem that causes distress in children and their families. NE affects daily living activities, relationships, behavior, emotions, and social interactions. However, data on the effects of NE on Thai children are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of NE and the associated factors on children with NE and their parents or guardians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study included 349 children with primary NE and 246 with secondary NE, all from Bangkok, Thailand. Their parents or guardians completed a validated questionnaire and rated the severity of the effects of NE on a Likert scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the children with primary NE, 30.9 % rated it as not affecting them at all, 28.7 % as affecting them slightly, and 18.9 % as affecting them moderately. Of those with secondary NE, 36.2 % rated it as affecting them slightly, 28.9 % as not affecting them at all, and 18.3 % as affecting them moderately. Primary (32.1 %) and secondary NE (39.8 %) had the most effect on children's confidence. Primary and secondary NE affected 61.6 % and 60.2 % of parents or guardians, respectively, through the increased burden of housework from washing bedsheets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NE demonstrated slight effects on children with NE and their parents or guardians. In the children, NE most affected their self-confidence, and in the parents and guardians, NE increased the burden of housework. In managing NE, physicians should evaluate its adverse effects on children and their parents or guardians.</p>","PeriodicalId":56095,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics and Neonatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}