International Journal of Transgenderism最新文献

{"title":"A systematic review of the relationship between religion and attitudes toward transgender and gender-variant people.","authors":"Marianne Campbell,&nbsp;Jordan D X Hinton,&nbsp;Joel R Anderson","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1545149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2018.1545149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Prejudice against transgender people is widespread, yet in spite of the prevalence of this negativity relatively little is known about the antecedents and predictors of these attitudes. One factor that is commonly related to prejudice is religion, and this is especially true for prejudice targets that are considered to be \"value violating\" (as is the case for transgender individuals). <b>Method:</b> In this paper, we present the findings of our systematic search of the literature on this topic and present the synthesized evidence. Our search strategy was conducted across five databases and yielded 29 studies (across 28 articles). <b>Results:</b> We found consistent evidence that self-identifying as with either being \"religious\" or as Christian (and to a lesser extent, being Muslim) was associated with increased transprejudice relative to being nonreligious (and to a lesser extent, being Jewish). Additionally, we found consistent evidence that certain forms of religiosity were also related to transprejudice - specifically religious fundamentalism, church attendance, and interpretations of the bible as literal (transprejudice was unrelated to religious education). <b>Conclusion:</b> Although this young, but important field of research is growing, more empirical exploration is needed to fully understand that nuances of the religion-transprejudice relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"20 1","pages":"21-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1545149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38443373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender congruence and body satisfaction in nonbinary transgender people: A case control study.","authors":"Bethany A Jones,&nbsp;Walter Pierre Bouman,&nbsp;Emma Haycraft,&nbsp;Jon Arcelus","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1538840","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1538840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Binary transgender people access gender affirming medical interventions to alleviate gender incongruence and increase body satisfaction. Despite the increase in nonbinary transgender people, this population are less likely to access transgender health services compared to binary transgender people. No research has yet understood <i>why</i> by exploring levels of gender congruence and body satisfaction in nonbinary transgender people. <i>Objective:</i> The aim of this study was to compare levels of gender congruence and body satisfaction in nonbinary transgender people to controls [binary transgender people and cisgender (nontrans) people]. <i>Method:</i> In total, 526 people from a community sample in the UK took part in the study (97 nonbinary, 91 binary, and 338 cisgender identifying people). Participants were asked to complete an online survey about gender congruence and body satisfaction. <i>Results:</i> There were differences in gender congruence and body satisfaction between nonbinary and binary transgender people. On sex-specific parts of the body (i.e., chest, genitalia, and secondary sex characteristics), nonbinary transgender people reported significantly higher levels of gender and body satisfaction compared to binary transgender people. However, there was no difference in congruence and satisfaction with social gender role between the two transgender groups (nonbinary and binary). Cisgender people reported significantly higher levels of gender congruence and body satisfaction compared to transgender people (nonbinary and binary). <i>Conclusions:</i> There are differences in gender congruence and body satisfaction between nonbinary and binary transgender people. Nonbinary individuals may be less likely to access transgender health services due to experiencing less gender incongruence and more body satisfaction compared to binary transgender people. Transgender health services need to be more inclusive of nonbinary transgender people and their support and treatment needs, which may differ from those who identify within the binary gender system.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":" ","pages":"263-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1538840","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38442174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-binary and genderqueer: An overview of the field.","authors":"Surya Monro","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1538841","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1538841","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of gender variance is widely documented both historically and cross-culturally (Herdt, 1994; Matsuno & Budge, 2017). The term “genderqueer” emerged in the 1990s (see Whittle, 1996). I...","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":" ","pages":"126-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1538841","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38540949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive validity of the genderqueer identity scale (GQI): differences between genderqueer, transgender and cisgender sexual minority individuals.","authors":"Jory M Catalpa,&nbsp;Jenifer K McGuire,&nbsp;Jessica N Fish,&nbsp;G Nic Rider,&nbsp;Nova Bradford,&nbsp;Dianne Berg","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1528196","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1528196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: The Genderqueer Identity Scale (GQI; McGuire et al., this issue) - a newly developed and validated measure - assesses genderqueer identity via four subscales: <i>challenging the gender binary</i>, the extent to which participants actively work to dismantle gender binaries in identity and expression); <i>social construction of gender,</i> or the degree to which participants interpret their gender identity as something that develops versus an innate essentialist phenomenon; <i>theoretical awareness of gender</i>, the degree of social and political intention attached to gender identity; and <i>gender fluidity</i>, or repeated shifting of gender expression across periods of time. <i>Aim</i>: This descriptive study examined the predictive validity of the GQI and group differences in genderqueer identity with a sample of transgender, genderqueer and nonbinary spectrum, and cisgender sexual minority adults (<i>N</i> = 510). <i>Methods</i>: We hypothesized that Genderqueer Non-binary (GQNB) participants would score higher on GQI subscale scores compared to transgender participants who identify within the gender binary. <i>Results</i>: Results from ANOVA models indicated a statistically significant difference in intrapersonal subscales across sexual minority and transgender binary or genderqueer groups. For the interpersonal subscales there were differences across all three groups. Cisgender sexual minority participants reported the lowest levels on all scales, while genderqueer participants reported the highest, and transgender binary were in-between. <i>Discussion</i>: The GQI demonstrates strong predictive validity in distinguishing binary transpersons from GQNB and cisgender sexual minority persons. Findings reveal that these three subgroups who might otherwise be similarly categorized (i.e., LGBTQ) show significant differences on challenging the binary, social construction, theoretical awareness, and gender fluidity constructs.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"20 2-3","pages":"305-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1528196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10674868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The gender affirmative lifespan approach (GALA): A framework for competent clinical care with nonbinary clients.","authors":"G Nic Rider,&nbsp;Jennifer A Vencill,&nbsp;Dianne R Berg,&nbsp;Rachel Becker-Warner,&nbsp;Leonardo Candelario-Pérez,&nbsp;Katherine G Spencer","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1485069","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1485069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: The limited research on nonbinary individuals suggests that this community experiences significant health disparities. Compared to binary transgender individuals, research suggests that nonbinary individuals are at elevated risk for discrimination and negative mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, traumatic stress, and suicidality. Even mental health providers who work with binary transgender individuals often lack knowledge of and training to work competently with nonbinary individuals. <i>Methods</i>: The authors of this conceptual article present the Gender Affirmative Lifespan Approach (GALA), a psychotherapy framework based in health disparities theory and research, which asserts that therapeutic interventions combating internalized oppression have the potential to improve mental health symptomatology resulting in improved overall health and well-being for gender diverse clients. GALA's therapeutic interventions are designed to promote positive gender identity development through five core components: (1) building resiliency; (2) developing gender literacy; (3) moving beyond the binary; 4) promoting positive sexuality; and (5) facilitating empowering connections to medical interventions (if desired). <i>Results</i>: The core components of the GALA model are individualized to each client's unique needs, while taking into consideration age and acknowledging developmental shifts in, or fluidity of, gender across the lifespan. This model represents an inclusive, trans-affirmative approach to competent clinical care with nonbinary individuals. <i>Discussion</i>: Application of the GALA model with nonbinary clients is discussed, including one clinical case vignette.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":" ","pages":"275-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1485069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38442175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Impressions Online: The Inclusion of Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Identities and Services in Mental Healthcare Providers' Online Materials in the USA.","authors":"Natalie R Holt,&nbsp;Debra A Hope,&nbsp;Richard Mocarski,&nbsp;Nathan Woodruff","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1428842","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1428842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>When accessing mental healthcare services, transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals face systemic barriers to gender-affirmative care. Initial points of contact, like intake forms, may show limited consideration for the heterogeneity of TGNC identities and can lead to negative consequences prior to face-to-face interaction with providers.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The first aim was to mimic a likely pathway a TGNC individual may follow to seek mental healthcare services in the USA and to describe the extent to which they may encounter enacted stigma or affirmative messages that may impede or facilitate access to care. The second aim was to determine if a positive State legal climate for TGNC people was associated with more affirmative provider materials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Content analysis was used to examine a national sample of websites and intake forms of mental healthcare providers who advertise online as working with TGNC clients. Intake forms were coded for usage of affirmative language in gender/sex questions and including questions for a client's pronouns and preferred name. Websites were coded for mentioning a variety of services or resources for TGNC clients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While provider websites were found through Google searches for a \"gender therapist,\" only 56.6% of websites stated a provider specialty to work with TGNC clients and 32.1% of websites had no mention of services or resources for TGNC people. Additionally, a significantly larger proportion of intake forms from States with legal protections for TGNC people used affirmative language in gender/sex questions and asked for a client's pronouns than intake forms from States without legal protections.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Barriers to affirmative healthcare for TGNC people within patient and provider interactions have been identified in previous research and these data show TGNC individuals may face enacted stigma even in their search for a provider, particularly those TGNC people living in States without legal protections.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"20 1","pages":"49-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1428842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37349907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of transgender prisoners and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding sexual behaviors and HIV/STIs: A systematic review.","authors":"Annette Brömdal,&nbsp;Amy B Mullens,&nbsp;Tania M Phillips,&nbsp;Jeff Gow","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1538838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2018.1538838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Despite transgender people being more visible in prison systems, research suggests they are at higher risk of experiencing sexual violence compared to other prisoners. Research also suggests that transgender prisoners experience harassment, and physical and sexual assault by fellow prisoners, and prison officers who lack transgender-specific health knowledge. There exist no systematic reviews on the experiences of transgender people in prisons. This review aims to fill this research gap. The following question developed in consultation with transgender, sexual health/HIV and corrective services stakeholders has guided the systematic review: What are transgender and gender-diverse prisoners' experiences in various prison settings and what are their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding sexual behaviors and HIV/STIs? <b>Methods:</b> The review followed the PRISMA guidelines and searches were conducted in four databases for the period of January 2007 to August 2017. Studies were assessed against predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included studies were peer-reviewed, written in English with online full-text availability and reported data on transgender and gender-diverse prisoner experiences relevant to the research question. <b>Results:</b> Eleven studies (nine qualitative, one quantitative, one mixed-methods; nine in USA, two in Australia) met the criteria for review. Four studies were of high quality, six were of good/acceptable quality, and one study was of modest quality. Transgender and gender-diverse prisoners reported a range of challenges which included sexual assault, discrimination, stigma, harassment, and mistreatment. Information on their sexual health and HIV/STIs knowledge, attitudes, practices is in short supply. Also, their lack of access to gender-affirming, sexual health/STIs and mental health services is commonplace. <b>Conclusions:</b> The experiences of transgender prisoners as reported in this review are almost uniformly more difficult than other prisoners. Their \"otherness\" is used as a weapon against them by fellow prisoners through intimidation and violence (including sexual) and by prison officers through neglect and ignorance.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"20 1","pages":"4-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1538838","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38443372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>\"I love you as both and I love you as neither\"</i>: Romantic partners' affirmations of nonbinary trans individuals.","authors":"M Paz Galupo,&nbsp;Lex Pulice-Farrow,&nbsp;Zakary A Clements,&nbsp;Ezra R Morris","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1496867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2018.1496867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Transgender microaffirmations are subtle endorsements of a person's gender identity through both verbal acknowledgements and behavioral gestures. Microaffirmations positively impact individuals who identify as transgender by acknowledging their gender identity and by communicating a sense of support and validation. <b>Aims:</b> This study focuses on microaffirmations specifically directed toward nonbinary transgender individuals within romantic relationships. <b>Methods:</b> Participants included 161 adults who identified as nonbinary: 85 who identified as gender nonconforming and 76 who identified as agender. These participants were either currently in a romantic relationship or had been in a romantic relationship within the past 5 years. Participants completed an online survey and provided examples of the microaffirmations they experienced from their romantic partners. <b>Results:</b> Responses were analyzed via thematic analysis, resulting in four overarching themes: (1) <i>Identity Validations,</i> acknowledgement and acceptance of nonbinary identity; (2) <i>Identity Endorsements,</i> active endorsements of nonbinary through language or behavior; (3) <i>Active Learning,</i> self-education about nonbinary identities; and (4) <i>Active Defense,</i> interruptions of others' negative actions directed at nonbinary partners. <b>Discussion:</b> Discussion of the results focuses on understanding how microaffirmations operate to complicate binary notions of gender/sex and positively influence nonbinary transgender individuals in interpersonal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":" ","pages":"315-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1496867","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38440155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgender women's experiences and beliefs about hormone therapy through and beyond mid-age: An exploratory UK study.","authors":"Sophie Mohamed, Myra S Hunter","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1493626","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1493626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Little is known about transgender women's beliefs and experiences of hormone therapy (HT), as part of their transition process, and particularly as they grow older. <b>Aims:</b> This study aimed to investigate: (i) transgender women's experiences and attitudes to HT, and (ii) expectations of what might occur and/or what occurred after they reached \"menopausal age.\" <b>Methods:</b> Participants were recruited through invitations to an online survey sent to 138 Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender plus (LGBT+) support groups across the UK. Sixty-seven transgender women consented and completed the questionnaire; responses were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach. The beliefs about medicines questionnaire (BMQ) was used to assess beliefs about HT, while an inductive thematic qualitative approach was used to explore participants' personal expectations and experiences of HT and their views about the menopause. <b>Results:</b> Participants were aged on average 49 years ranging from 20 to 79 years old. Most (96%) were taking HT. BMQ scores revealed strong beliefs about the necessity of HT and some concerns. Positive views about HT were expressed, with themes including treatment importance, personal and mental health benefits, but concerns about long-term effects, side effects, and maintaining access to the treatment were also mentioned. Views about menopause included uncertainty and questioning of its relevance; some mentioned changes to HT dosage, but most expected to use HT indefinitely. <b>Discussion:</b> This study provides exploratory qualitative and quantitative information about transgender women's views about HT and menopause. Practical implications include improving access to HT and provision of evidence-based information about long-term use.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"20 1","pages":"98-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6831003/pdf/WIJT_20_1493626.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38540946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Queer ethics and fostering positive mindsets toward non-binary gender, genderqueer, and gender ambiguity.","authors":"Lucy Nicholas","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2018.1505576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2018.1505576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Alongside the growth in visibility of gender identities and presentations such as genderqueer, non-binary and gender neutral, there is ridicule and backlash in wider culture, as well as more subtle invisibility and misgendering. While there exists social psychology research about negative and positive attitudes to trans people, this is restricted to those whose gender identity is at odds with their sex assigned at birth, and who identify with binary gender. Social psychology has extended to the more subtle workings of transphobia, but there is little consideration of the distinctiveness of attitudes and responses to those whose genders cannot be attributed in binary ways, and thus how these may be challenged. <b>Methods:</b> In keeping with the methods of social theory, this article brings together a diverse and complementary range of conceptual fields in new ways to diagnose a novel cause and solution to these negative attitudes. Using queer theory, feminist ethics, and empirical studies in post-tolerance sociology and social psychology, it argues that negative social responses to genderqueerness stem not only from overt prejudice in the form of transphobia but from binary genderism, the conviction that there are only two genders. <b>Results and conclusion:</b> This article proposes fostering greater diversity-literacy and empathy for difference as a more effective approach than minority identity-based 'prejudice reduction' approaches. A norm-critical approach to deconstructing gender norms is proposed, thus fostering positive attitudes to genderqueerness. It is therefore demonstrated how best to foster enabling social contexts for genderqueerness, with positive implications for the physical and social health and wellbeing of gender variant people. This approach can be applied in organizations, institutions, and by service providers who interact with genderqueer individuals, in that it can inform a shift to approaching diversity positively in ways that are not restricted to pre-determined and binary identity categories.</p>","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":" ","pages":"169-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15532739.2018.1505576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38540953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}