International Journal of Transgenderism最新文献

{"title":"Expanding the evidence: Developments and innovations in clinical practice, training and competency within voice and communication therapy for trans and gender diverse people","authors":"Matthew Mills, G. Stoneham, I. Georgiadou","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1329049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1329049","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Speech and language therapists (SLTs) deliver voice and communication therapy for trans and gender diverse people to facilitate authentic vocal and communicative expression. Davies, Papp, and Antoni (2015) have provided a comprehensive review of the literature, with recommendations for good clinical care. Several areas highlighted as gaps in the research were identified by the current authors as ones in which evidence is expanding. Aims: To demonstrate 1) an expansion of the evidence base in particular innovations in voice group therapy for trans women and trans men; 2) the importance of delivering voice and communication therapy as part of a complete approach to trans and gender diverse health care; and (3) developments in training and competency in the UK. Method: Data were drawn from three small-scale projects, two surveys, and one audit. Measurements: Data from survey and audits and pre- and post-group acoustic measures of and client self-perceptual measures, including the Transsexual Voice Questionnaire (TVQMtF); a client-generated set of questions for trans men; and the migration of vocal identity map, adapted from Narrative Therapy practices. Results: Positive outcomes for both pitch measures and client perception were recorded. Audit and survey data provided evidence of developments in training and competency in the UK. Conclusion: Evidence supports group therapy as a successful approach for trans individuals across a number of parameters of voice and self-perception. Voice group protocols for both trans men and trans women should take account of the social context within which to explore relational presence and authentic voice. SLTs within gender identity clinics provide voice and communication as part of a broader pathway of care, alongside sharing professional knowledge and skills. Current UK developments are documented as indicators of positive responses to the growth in the number of SLTs seeking to develop specialist skills within this field.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"6 1","pages":"328 - 342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82824980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internalized transphobia: Exploring perceptions of social messages in transgender and gender-nonconforming adults","authors":"Brian A. Rood, S. Reisner, Jae A. Puckett, Francisco I Surace, Ariel K. Berman, David W. Pantalone","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1329048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1329048","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals encounter a variety of minority stressors that have yet to be fully articulated or explored within the research literature. The purpose of this study is to better understand internalized stigma—the experience of accepting and internalizing negative social messages and experiences about one's identity—an underexplored minority stressor for TGNC people. Method: We conducted in-depth interviews with 30 diverse TGNC participants using consensual qualitative research (CQR) methodology. Results: Following data saturation and analysis, six distinct themes emerged across participants: (1) TGNC identities are regarded negatively by society; (2) social messages are perceived as originating from the media and religious ideology; (3) TGNC individuals report emotional distress; (4) negative self-perceptions in response to social messages; (5) TGNC individuals report resilience processes in response to negative social messages; and (6) social messages are perceived generally to differentially impact TGNC people of color. Conclusion: Findings highlight the common experience of encountering social marginalization for TGNC individuals. Structural interventions that target pervasive sociocultural messages regarding TGNC identities are warranted.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"21 1","pages":"411 - 426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73858702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bouman, W. P., & Arcelus, J. (Eds.). (2017).","authors":"Gemma L. Witcomb","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1329050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1329050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"266 1","pages":"360 - 360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75108533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in access to family physicians among transgender people in Ontario, Canada","authors":"A. Scheim, Xuchen Zong, R. Giblon, G. Bauer","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1323069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1323069","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Informed by the Gelberg-Andersen behavioral model for vulnerable populations, this study examined the prevalence of and factors associated with not having a family physician among transgender (trans) people in Ontario, Canada. Methods: Data were drawn from a respondent-driven sampling (RDS) survey of trans Ontarians age 16 and above (n = 433) conducted between 2009 and 2010. All analyses were weighted using RDS II methods. Prevalence ratios were estimated using average marginal predictions from logistic regression models. Results: An estimated 17.2% (95% CI, 11.0 to 22.9) of trans Ontarians (median age = 28.7, 77.3% White) did not have a regular family physician. In multivariable analyses accounting for other predisposing and need-related factors, transfeminine persons (trans women and non-binary persons assigned a male sex at birth) who were Indigenous and/or persons of color were less likely than other transfeminine persons to have a family doctor. In addition, trans persons who were homeless or had unstable housing were less likely to have a family doctor than those who were adequately housed. Conclusions: These results provide the first quantitative evidence of health disparities by race and gender within a Canadian transgender population and suggest a social gradient in access to care within Ontario's “universal health insurance” system.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"59 1","pages":"343 - 352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82207014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring rates of transgender individuals and mental health concerns in an online sample","authors":"Anne E. Dawson, Brian T. Wymbs, C. Gidycz, M. Pride, Wilson S Figueroa","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1314797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1314797","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Prevalence estimates of adults identifying as transgender are scarce, particularly in the United States. Method: The current study endeavored to estimate the prevalence of individuals identifying as transgender in a large online sample of adult U.S. residents (n = 6,727) and compare the prevalence of common mental health disorders (depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and the age of onset for individuals identifying as men or women versus those identifying as transgender. Results: The prevalence estimate of individuals identifying as transgender was 0.8%. Individuals identifying as transgender were significantly more likely than individuals identifying as men or women to report having had a single diagnosis or co-occurring diagnoses for all three disorders examined. Additionally, transgender individuals were more likely than individuals identifying as men or women to receive a diagnosis of anxiety or depression at a younger age. Conclusion: Given the prevalence of transgender individuals and the associations with common mental health conditions, clinicians must be informed and competent to care for their clinical needs. This study introduces online crowdsourcing resources as a potentially fruitful option for reaching and researching gender diversity.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"2 1","pages":"295 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87840278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Gender Identity Law in Argentinean transgender women","authors":"I. Arístegui, P. Radusky, Virginia Zalazar, M. Romero, Jessica Schwartz, O. Sued","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1314796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1314796","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: In May 2012, collective efforts led to the enactment of a Gender Identity Law in Argentina. This is a particularly progressive law, based on human rights principles, as it is the first in the world to recognize a person's gender identity without any preconditions. However, studies that evaluate its impact on the transgender community (positive outcomes as well as barriers to implementation) have been scant. Thus, the following study investigated the impact of the implementation of the Argentinean Gender Identity Law on the living conditions, plus it explored stigma and discrimination (S&D) experiences of transgender women. Method: Two focus groups, with 20 transgender women, were conducted. Recordings were transcribed and a thematic analysis of the transcripts was performed according to the following categories: general perceived impact of the Law, work and education, security and civil rights, health services, and perceived differences among regions and provinces. Results: After the Law's enactment, participants mostly perceived positive changes, in general, and in particular domains such as education, health care, work, security, and civil rights. A general empowering effect on the community can be inferred. However, barriers to full implementation were identified, both internal and subjective (age, internalized stigma) and external (lack of trained professionals and public servants, reluctance to implementation in conservative provinces). Discussion: This study provides the first evaluation of the implementation and impact of the Gender Identity Law in Argentina from the point of view of transgender women. The empowering effect and the improvements achieved provide preliminary information on the importance of adopting this type of policy. Additionally, the barriers to be overcome and recommendations for the future are discussed.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"18 1","pages":"446 - 456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82462763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coping with transphobia in employment: Strategies used by transgender and gender-diverse people in the United States","authors":"Lauren Mizock, T. Woodrum, J. Riley, Erica A. Sotilleo, Nelly Yuen, Alayne J. Ormerod","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1304313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1304313","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals face stigma in the general public and in the workplace. Research has suggested that TGD individuals may demonstrate unique coping strategies in the workplace in order to manage transphobia in that setting; however, further research is needed to identify the specific strategies that transgender individuals use to deal with transphobia at work. Method: The present qualitative study utilized the grounded theory methodology to identify the specific coping strategies utilized to deal with transphobia at work. Participants included 45 TGD participants from the northeastern United States. Results: The results of the study include the identification of eight coping-strategy themes including gender-presentation strategies, gender detachment, relationship navigating, resource utilization, job-performance strategies, maladaptive coping strategies, structural strategies, and power-acquisition strategies. Conclusions: Implications of the present study suggest the resilience and diverse coping strategies that mental health providers can help TGD workers draw from in dealing with transphobia at work. In addition, there is a need for greater remediation and prevention of employment-related transphobia, including leadership within employment settings, greater legal protections, and enforcement of these laws in the United States.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"33 1","pages":"282 - 294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76935605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial gender confirmation surgery—review of the literature and recommendations for Version 8 of the WPATH Standards of Care","authors":"J. Berli, L. Capitan, Daniel Simon, R. Bluebond-Langner, Eric D. Plemons, S. Morrison","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1302862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1302862","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Facial gender confirmation surgery (FGCS), also popularly known and referred to in the scientific literature as facial feminization surgery (FFS), was previously treated as a collection of aesthetic procedures complementing other aspects of gender-confirming surgery. Recent literature on quality-of-life outcomes following FGCS has supported the substantial impact these procedures have on overall well-being and reduction of psychosocial sequelae in patients. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care, Version 7 (WPATH SOC 7), did not deem FGCS a medical necessity. Based on these new studies, increasing evidence points to the need to include FGCS among medically necessary gender-confirming surgeries, though more-prospective studies are needed. Updates to the WPATH SOC 8 are proposed based on available quality of life studies.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"53 1","pages":"264 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88012634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of a “Transgender Identity Stigma” scale among trans women in India: Findings from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses","authors":"Venkatesan Chakrapani, P. P. Vijin, C. Logie, P. Newman, M. Shunmugam, Murugesan Sivasubramanian, Miriam Samuel","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2017.1303417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1303417","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Sexual minority stigma has been shown to influence mental health and sexual risk, but limited research is available on measuring transgender-identity stigma among trans women in India. We adapted an Exposure to Transphobia scale to the Indian context and tested a 14-item Transgender Identity Stigma Questionnaire (TGISQ) among trans women in India. We aimed to assess and validate the factor structure of the TGISQ and to assess its reliability. Methods: Data were from a cross-sectional survey among 300 trans women (including hijras/thirunangais) from six urban/semi-urban sites in India. The TGISQ consisted of self-reported ratings on 14 items. We initially conducted exploratory factor analysis, using principal axis factoring (PAF) and promax rotation, and assessed reliability (internal consistency) using Cronbach's alpha; we then conducted confirmatory factor analysis to assess construct validity (factorial validity). Construct validity of the final 13-item Transgender Identity Stigma Scale (TGISS) was also examined by computing Pearson's correlations between TGISS and relevant theoretical constructs (e.g., depression, social support). Results: PAF identified two factors: enacted stigma (5 items) and felt normative stigma (8 items). The final 13-item TGISS had high reliability and acceptable construct validity. Conclusions: The TGISS was found to have adequate psychometric properties, making it the first valid and reliable scale to measure stigma and discrimination faced by trans women in India. Future studies can further refine TGISS, which might help in comparing the differences in stigma experiences among diverse subgroups of trans women, and in monitoring and evaluating the success of stigma reduction programs.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"51 1","pages":"271 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90954679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgender people in Australia's Northern Territory","authors":"S. Kerry","doi":"10.1080/15532739.2016.1254077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2016.1254077","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While research has provided a significant picture of the lived experiences of transgender and sex/gender diverse (TSGD) Australians, it remains incomplete because population samples rarely include TSGD people from Australia's Northern Territory. The Northern Territory is twice the size of France but is populated by only 210,000 people. The territory's environmental and demographic features make it very distinct from Australia's other six states and mainland territory. Most notably, it possesses a \"frontier\" mentality and is considered to be one of Australia's most homophobic states and territories. This paper publishes the results of an online survey conducted as part of an ongoing research project into the health needs of TSGD individuals, such as availability of medical and support services that specialize in, and are \"friendly\" to, TSGD people, especially in remote areas of the territory, colloquially referred to as out bush.","PeriodicalId":56012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgenderism","volume":"98 1","pages":"129 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77358950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}