Risk Management and Healthcare Policy最新文献

{"title":"Cost Shifting in Lung Cancer Inpatient Care Under Diagnosis-Intervention Packet Reform: A Pilot Study in China.","authors":"Huawei Tan, Xueyu Zhang, Dandan Guo, Shengxian Bi, Yingchun Chen, Xinyi Peng, Hui Yao","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S498634","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S498634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>China has developed and widely implemented an innovative case-based payment method for inpatient services under a regional global budget, termed the \"Diagnosis-Intervention Packet\" (DIP). This study aims to examine cost-shifting behaviour in lung cancer inpatient care under the DIP reform.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examines the impact of the DIP reform in Zunyi, a national pilot city, using double machine learning (DML). Specifically, we analyze the effects on the total health expenditures (THS), individual payments excluding reimbursement (IPER), proportion of IPER, copayments for category-B, proportion of copayments for category-B, copayments for category-C and proportion of copayments for category-C per case for LC inpatients in tertiary hospitals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate a significant reduction in THS per case after the DIP reform (β = -0.0778, p < 0.001). Following the reform, there was a significant increase in IPER (β = 0.0689, p < 0.05), copayments for category-B (β = 0.1682, p < 0.01), and the proportion of copayments for category-B (β = 0.0039, p < 0.05). Conversely, the proportion of copayments for category-C significantly decreased (β = -0.0108, p < 0.001). Notably, significant heterogeneity in the cost-containment and cost-shifting effects was observed across different hospital categories, teaching types, and insured classifications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DIP reform significantly reduced the THS per case for LC inpatients, while shifting in-policy expenditures to IPER. The cost-shifting primarily occurred through the redistribution of copayments from category-C to category-B. It is imperative for policymakers to establish differentiated regulatory policies tailored to various cost categories, hospital types, and insured classifications to optimize the effectiveness of the DIP reform.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"759-773"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Resilience Among Pediatric Nurses in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Bushra S Bawazier, Hebah Almulla, Mansour Mansour, Sama S Hammad, Rana A Alameri, Latifa Aldossary, Tahani AlShammari","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S510084","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S510084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examines the relationship between the perceived levels of resilience and self-efficacy among a selected sample of pediatric nurses working in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design was used. A total of 99 pediatric nurses from two governmental hospitals in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia completed an online survey which included two standardized measures: The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nurses reported an overall moderate resilience level (<i>M</i> = 19.3, <i>SD</i> = 2.6) and moderate general self-efficacy level (<i>M</i> = 32.1, <i>SD</i> = 4.9). The Spearman's Correlation test revealed a significant positive correlation between perceived self-efficacy and resilience (<i>rho</i> = 0.19, <i>P</i> < 0.05). This indicates that pediatric nurses who reported having higher levels of perceived self-efficacy would also have higher levels of resilience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nursing plays a vital role in the healthcare system and requires ongoing development. It is essential for nurses to cultivate resilience skills, which are crucial for reducing turnover, burnout, and empathy fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"739-746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Feeding Challenges and Nutritional Problems Associated With Long-Term Enteral Nutrition Among Children With Disabilities.","authors":"Sara Zaher, Sarah M Ajabnoor","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S502223","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S502223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with disabilities receiving long-term enteral nutrition (EN) frequently struggle with feeding issues. This study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess tube feeding challenges and nutritional problems among this group of children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this survey-based study, data was collected via an online survey of mothers or caregivers of children with disabilities receiving long-term EN. The questionnaire was prepared following a literature analysis of nasogastric, gastrostomy and jejunostomy-related complications in children. The validation of the tool was conducted with three experts in the field, followed by its translation into Arabic. It was then pilot-tested on six mothers of children with disabilities who receive long-term EN. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's-alpha coefficient and measurement of test-retest inter-rater reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four children were included in this study; their median age was 4.7 years. The value of Cronbach's-alpha (α = 0.742) suggested good reliability of the tool items among the study sample. The test-retest reliability assessed by correlation coefficients showed a strong correlation for most items; the r-value of the overall tool was 0.922, <i>P</i> < 0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Strong test-retest reliability was demonstrated by the developed EN feeding problem questionnaire. Suggesting that the questionnaire is reliable and valid for utilisation in children with disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"747-757"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of Tuberculosis Prevention Across Eight Districts in Central Uganda: An Analysis of Lot Quality Assurance Sampling Survey Data.","authors":"Robert Onzima D D M Anguyo, Semei Christopher Mukama, Dedrix Stephenson Bindeeba, Catherine Senyimba, Simons Ezajobo, Jane Senyondo Nakawesi, Andrew Mugisa, Susan Kiwanuka Nakubulwa, Eve Namitala, Ronald Mulebeke, Yvonne Karamagi, Simon Peter Katongole","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S494335","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S494335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study assessed tuberculosis (TB)-related knowledge among people of different demographic groups that is essential for effective TB program planning and implementation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study using the lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) methodology in 8 districts, stratifying each district into five supervision areas (SAs). We randomly sampled 19 villages from each SA using probability proportional to size (PPS). We interviewed 2280 respondents, including 760 each of youth 15-24 years, women 15-49 years and men 15+ years. The data were analyzed in proportions and SA-level classifications using the LQAS-based decision rules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings underscore variations in TB knowledge across demographic groups. Among youths, knowledge of at least two TB symptoms stood at 48.6%, while among women and men, it was 55.3% and 57.0%, respectively. Awareness of TB curability was 75.6% among youths, 80.2% among women, and 84.6% among men. A notable proportion of youths (83.4%), women (89.5%), and men (91.4%) were aware of the potential coexistence of HIV and TB. Concerning actions to take if a family member is suspected of having TB, 89.4% of youth, 92.4% of women, and 57.5% of men were knowledgeable. Knowledge of the risks of incomplete TB treatment was noted among 30.9% of youth, 33.0% of women, and 35.0% of men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is variation in the level of knowledge across different TB thematic areas between demographic groups, districts and sub-districts (SAs). Planners and implementers of TB programs should be cognizant of such variations and make deliberate efforts to develop tailored interventions in order to address the information and/or education needs of specific contexts in order to improve TB outcomes. The findings highlight the need to particularly target the youth with education programs on TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"719-738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Ocular Trauma and Predictive Modeling of Visual Outcomes: A 12-Year Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital in China.","authors":"Shuwen Lu, Haoyu Li, Xirui Yang, Chao Ma, Xian Li","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S505657","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S505657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ocular trauma is a visually and economically devastating cause of visual loss. This study investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ocular trauma in central and northern China, and assessed prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cases of ocular trauma that underwent surgical treatment in a tertiary hospital in China between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2023, were reviewed. All patient data were collected, including demographic information, type of injury, cause of injury, overall condition, number of surgeries, structural damage, surgical complications, and initial and final visual acuity (VA). We constructed three models to explore the prognostic factors of final VA: linear regression, regression tree, and random forest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 12 years, 1019 patients (1019 eyes) with ocular trauma underwent surgery, of which 836 were open globe injuries. Patients were predominantly male (80.8%), with an average age of 31.1 years. The most at-risk age group was 41-50 years old. Farmers (33.3%) and students (20.9%) were the most common occupations. The most frequent complication was vitreous hemorrhage (95.7%). Most patients required three surgeries (42.2%). During vitrectomy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy and elevated intraocular pressure were observed in 735 patients (72.1%). The final VA ranged from 0 to 3.00 logMAR with a mean of 1.10±0.43 logMAR. Among the three models, the random forest performed the best. Ocular structural damage and surgical complications, along with the number of surgeries, were important factors affecting the visual prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals at high risk should be given extra care, as traumatic and surgical complications are the main prognostic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"691-702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health Literacy and Professional Psychological Help-Seeking Attitudes Among Primary Healthcare Workers: The Mediating Role of Social Support and Mental Illness Stigma.","authors":"Xuntao He, Shibin Chen, Quyi Zhang, Shu He, Lin Yang, Jun Ma","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S512458","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S512458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research highlights poor mental health among healthcare workers, but limited attention has been given to the mental health literacy and professional psychological help-seeking attitudes of primary healthcare workers.This study investigates the relationship between primary healthcare workers' mental health literacy and their attitudes toward professional psychological help-seeking. It also explores the chain mediating roles of social support and mental illness stigma in this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted the study among primary healthcare workers in Shapingba District, Chongqing, China. The study utilized demographic questionnaires, the Multiple Mental Health Literacy Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale, and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale. We applied Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, and structural equation modeling (SEM) for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between mental health literacy and help-seeking attitudes, while stigma negatively impacted these attitudes. The regression analysis demonstrated that mental health literacy, social support, and mental illness stigma significantly influenced attitudes toward professional psychological help-seeking, with the adjusted R square being 0.402. Specifically, social support and stigma acted as partial mediators in the relationship between mental health literacy and help-seeking attitudes. SEM confirmed a significant chain mediation effect, with social support and stigma jointly mediating the link between mental health literacy and help-seeking attitudes, explaining 27.46% of the variance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the critical role of mental health literacy, social support, and mental illness stigma in shaping primary healthcare workers' attitudes toward professional psychological help-seeking. Strengthening these factors can enhance their mental health outcomes and encourage more proactive help-seeking behavior. Implementing targeted interventions in training programs to reduce stigma and promote social support could improve help-seeking behaviors and overall mental health within healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"703-718"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Function and Information Processing Speed in Coal Power Plant Workers: Moderating Effects of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior.","authors":"Pill Soo Kim, Ting-Fu Lai, Jong-Hwan Park, Minwoo Jang, Yeo-Kyung Shin, Du-Ri Kim, Il Jae Wang, Hyuk Jin Choi, Jae-Il Lee","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S500971","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S500971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In occupational settings like coal power plants, impaired respiratory function and cognitive performance can pose significant risks to worker safety and productivity. This study aimed to investigate the associations between respiratory muscle strength and information processing speed in coal power plant workers, and to explore whether these associations are moderated by physical activity and sedentary behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 171 coal power plant workers. Respiratory muscle strength was assessed using Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF). Information processing speed was evaluated using a validated tablet-based cognitive assessment tool. Physical activity levels and sedentary behavior were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between respiratory function and cognitive performance, stratified by physical activity levels and sedentary behavior patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for covariates, in the active group (≥150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), individuals with MIP <80% showed significantly lower information processing speed scores (B = -6.341, 95% CI: -11.709 to -0.972, p = 0.021) compared to those with MIP ≥80%. Similarly, those with PEF <80% demonstrated significantly lower scores (B = -8.383, 95% CI: -14.601 to -2.165, p = 0.009). In the non-prolonged sedentary group (<9 hours/day), participants with MIP <80% exhibited significantly lower scores (B = -6.655, 95% CI: -11.684 to -1.626, p = 0.010). No significant associations were observed in the inactive or prolonged sedentary groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The relationship between respiratory muscle strength and information processing speed in coal power plant workers is moderated by physical activity levels and sedentary behavior patterns. These findings highlight the importance of considering occupational factors in health interventions and suggest that promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary time could have multifaceted benefits for this workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"679-689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of China's Diagnosis-Intervention Packet Policy on Hospitalization Costs for Patients With Malignant Tumors: A 2019-2022 Interrupted Time Series Analysis.","authors":"Mingmin Zhang, Guoping Wang, Hairong Liu, Yufeng Wen, Lingling Chen","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S502474","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S502474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>China's diagnosis-intervention packet (DIP) policy, a medical insurance payment system leveraging big data, was implemented in Wuhu, China, in January 2021. Studies have proven that the DIP has been effective in reducing medication costs for elderly hospital patients with hypertension. However, research on hospitalization costs for other patients remains limited. As the incidence of malignant tumors has increased dramatically in China, this study assesses the system's impact on hospitalization costs for patients with malignant tumors to confirm its broader effects.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Data on patients with malignant tumors (ICD codes C00-C97) were collected from a tertiary medical institution in Wuhu, using the policy's implementation in January 2021 as the beginning timepoint. Outcome indicators included average monthly hospitalization expenses and sub-expenses for hospitalized patients with malignant tumors. A 48-month time-series database was constructed and the interruption time series model used to evaluate the changing trends in expenses before and after the DIP implementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After DIP implementation, average hospitalization costs for patients with malignant tumors showed a statistically significant downward trend. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with shorter hospital stays (1-5 days) and cured outcomes saw the biggest expense drop from hospital cost-control effects. The DIP policy also affected cost structures, initially increasing diagnostic fees and consumable costs, but significantly reducing treatment fees, medication costs, and other related costs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirmed the effectiveness of the DIP policy in controlling hospitalization costs for patients with malignant tumors. Going forward, the government should optimize DIP rules to clarify cost calculation methods and prevent excessive use of high-cost diagnostics and consumables. Continued monitoring and evaluation are essential to ensure that the policy's benefits are maintained over time. Medical institutions should improve resource allocation, diagnosis, and treatment efficiency; reduce unnecessary stays; and provide tailored treatment plans and cost support for patients with poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"655-665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Avoiding Emergency Department Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Heart Events.","authors":"Tzu-Ching Sung, Yu-Ching Wang, Hsiang-Chin Hsu, Yi-Ting Huang, Hsin-I Shih","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S508088","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S508088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted healthcare services as individuals avoided medical facilities to reduce the risk of infection. Despite Taiwan's effective public health measures and low SARS-CoV-2 case numbers in 2020, emergency department (ED) utilization patterns still changed, particularly for cases with acute ischemic heart events. This study investigated how the pandemic influenced medical avoidance in such cases and assessed potential collateral damage and adverse outcomes in an ED that managed limited COVID-19 instances during this period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on adult ED visits at a tertiary hospital from January 2017 to December 2020, focusing on symptoms associated with acute ischemic heart events and complications. Data was retrospectively collected from electronic medical records (EMRs), including demographics, clinical characteristics, visit times, discharge times, disposition types, triage levels, International Classification of Diseases-9th Revision (ICD-9) and International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision (ICD-10)-based diagnoses, and vital signs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study observed a 20-30% decline in adult ED visits in 2020, with a notable 29% decrease in semi-urgent (level 3) triage visits from February to May. The largest declines occurred among patients aged 80 and above, with reductions up to 44.4% in March. Acute ischemic heart cases decreased in early 2020 but rebounded by April and May. However, acute ischemic heart-related complications increased consistently throughout the year, particularly in January (61% vs 77%, p=0.02) and October (59% vs 77%, p=0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the indirect impact of the pandemic on critical care access, even in regions with low prevalence. Medical avoidance reduced ED visits but increased the risk of complications of acute ischemic heart. Addressing barriers to timely care and implementing targeted response strategies are essential to ensure access to life-saving treatments and mitigate long-term adverse health consequences during public health crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"569-578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge and Outcomes of Nomophobia Among Students at a Selected Degree College in Riyadh.","authors":"Abdulaziz M Alodhialah, Ashwaq A Almutairi, Mohammed T Almutairi","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S508434","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S508434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nomophobia, the fear of being without a mobile phone, is increasingly prevalent among university students, impacting their psychological well-being and academic performance. This study assesses the level of knowledge and the psychological, academic, and social outcomes associated with nomophobia among students at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, involving 350 undergraduate students recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q). Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression, were conducted using IBM SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of participants (51.4%) exhibited moderate knowledge of nomophobia. Higher nomophobia scores were significantly associated with lower academic performance (r = -0.35, p < 0.001) and greater psychological distress, including anxiety (mean score = 5.2) and panic when phone battery was low (mean score = 4.8). Regression analysis identified gender (β = 0.28, p = 0.001) and smartphone ownership (β = 0.20, p = 0.003) as predictors of nomophobia.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings highlight nomophobia's negative impact on students' academic and psychological well-being, emphasizing the need for educational interventions to promote healthier smartphone usage. Addressing nomophobia through targeted strategies could improve academic outcomes and overall student wellness.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"667-678"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}