Risk Management and Healthcare Policy最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Obesity on Readmission and Healthcare Costs in Patients with Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Infections.","authors":"David Suh, Seung-Mi Lee","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S516684","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S516684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Obesity is a global public health issue linked to worsened skin and subcutaneous tissue infections (SSTIs), complicating clinical management and increasing healthcare costs. This study aimed to evaluate obesity's influence on hospitalization duration, readmission rates, and healthcare costs among patients with SSTIs, with an emphasis on sex-specific patterns.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from South Korea's national healthcare database. The study population comprised adults hospitalized with SSTIs between 2015 and 2020. Obesity measures included body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), categorized by standard thresholds. Statistical analyses included Cox proportional hazards models for hospitalization duration, while multivariable logistic regression evaluated readmission risks. Healthcare costs were analyzed using generalized linear models, with sex-stratified analysis to examine clinical and economic outcome disparities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Male patients demonstrated an inverse relationship between BMI and hospitalization duration and costs, with minimal WC influence. Conversely, female patients exhibited positive associations between both obesity measures and hospitalization outcomes. SSTI-related readmissions within two years increased with rising BMI and WC across both sexes (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Estimated readmission costs showed significant sex-specific variations, increasing 55% among males with WC ≥ 100 cm versus < 80 cm and 132% among females with WC ≥ 95 cm versus < 75 cm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Obesity substantially impacts SSTI clinical severity and economic costs, with distinct sex-specific disparities. Implementing tailored antimicrobial regimens, weight management strategies, and sex-specific treatment protocols is essential for outcome optimization and cost reduction. Future research should prioritize sex-specific interventions and resource allocation strategies in SSTI management.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1579-1590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Factors Associated with Surgical Site Infections Following Gynecologic and Obstetric Surgeries and Pathogen Identification: A Retrospective Study in A Single Center in China.","authors":"Dong Wang, Yan Zhang, Jinlin Wu","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S514951","DOIUrl":"10.2147/RMHP.S514951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the commonly reported nosocomial infections. Previous studies of SSI prevention have focused on patient characteristics. Relevant studies that consider both patient characteristics and seasonality are rare. This study investigated the independent risk factors associated with surgical site infections in patients undergoing gynecologic and obstetric surgeries in different seasons to determine whether the results showing increases in SSIs by season could be reproduced.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of 185 patients with SSIs among 201,912 patients who underwent gynecologic and obstetric surgeries at a hospital in southwestern China from September 2013 to June 2021 were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with SSIs in patients undergoing gynecologic and obstetric surgeries in different seasons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Heart disease and the amount of intraoperative blood loss were the suspicious seasonal factors associated with SSIs. SSIs were more likely to occur in the patients with intraoperative blood loss ≥500 mL in spring and winter but were more likely to occur in the patients with intraoperative blood loss <500 mL in autumn.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More attention should be paid to maintaining patient temperature during surgery, improving surgical skills, and standardizing aseptic techniques to prevent SSIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1569-1577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencing Factors (History of Alcohol Consumption) and Construction of a Nomogram Prediction Model for In-Hospital Gastrointestinal Bleeding Secondary to Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage in a Certain Hospital.","authors":"Peng Ye, Yeting Luo","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S511692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S511692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the factors influencing acute cerebral hemorrhage (ACH) secondary to nosocomial gastrointestinal hemorrhage (GIH) and construct a nomogram prediction model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 500 ACH patients admitted to our hospital from August 2022 to August 2024 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into a modeling group (350 cases) and a validation group (150 cases) in a 7:3 ratio. Patients in the modeling group were further divided into the GIH and non-GIH groups. Clinical data were collected, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors. A nomogram model was constructed using R software. The predictive performance was evaluated using the ROC curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 500 patients, 78 (15.6%) developed GIH. In the modeling group (350 cases), 56 (16.0%) had GIH. There were significant differences in age, history of coronary heart disease, history of alcohol consumption, NIHSS score, systolic blood pressure, and hemorrhage volume between groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified these factors as independent risk factors for secondary GIH (P<0.05). The Area Under Curve(AUC) was 0.798 in the modeling group and 0.978 in the validation group, with calibration curves showing good agreement between predicted and observed values (Hosmer-Lemeshow(H-L) test: modeling group, χ²=7.156, P=0.732; validation group, χ²=7.015, P=0.703). DCA indicated a high clinical application value when the probability ranged from 0.06 to 0.95.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age, history of coronary heart disease, history of alcohol consumption, NIHSS score, systolic blood pressure, and hemorrhage volume are key risk factors for secondary GIH in ACH patients. The nomogram model constructed based on these factors demonstrates good predictive performance and clinical application value. It can help clinicians prevent early onset and reduce the risk of bleeding in patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1557-1568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Diaphragmatic Ultrasonography and Intra-Abdominal Pressure Measurement for Optimizing Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation.","authors":"Dan Su, Ruixin Li, Zhi Chen, Na Cui, Zhanbiao Yu, Xiaoxu Ding, Jiaqian Wu","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S502810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S502810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of diaphragmatic ultrasonography in conjunction with intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement for assessing diaphragm function and determining the optimal timing for weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 100 patients undergoing MV at the intensive care department of the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University between January 2023 and July 2023 was enrolled. Spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) were performed once patients met the weaning criteria. At the 30-minute mark of the SBT, diaphragmatic ultrasonography and IAP measurements were conducted. Based on weaning outcomes, patients were categorized into successful and failed weaning groups. Diaphragmatic excursion (DE), diaphragm thickening fraction (TFdi), diaphragmatic rapid shallow breathing index (D-RSBI), and IAP were compared between groups. The predictive value of these parameters in determining optimal weaning timing was analyzed using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the failed weaning group, the successful weaning group exhibited significantly lower values of D-RSBI and IAP values along with higher values of DE, TFdi, diaphragm thickness at end-inhalation (DTei), and diaphragm thickness at end-exhalation (DTee) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the single-parameter analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) values for D-RSBI, DE, TFdi, and IAP were 0.880 (95% CI: 0.811-0.948), 0.981 (95% CI: 0.960-1.000), 0.907 (95% CI: 0.872-0.972), and 0.838 (95% CI: 0.748-0.929), respectively. The optimal cut-off values were 13.5 breaths /(min*cm), 1.2 cm, 29.3%, and 5.6 mmHg, respectively. In combined parameter analysis, the combination of IAP and DE demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of diaphragmatic ultrasonography with IAP measurement is an effective approach for predicting weaning outcomes in patients undergoing MV. This combined assessment may assist clinicians in optimizing weaning strategies and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1547-1556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Prepaid Consumption Policies in China's Fitness Industry.","authors":"Zhizhuang Duan, Rui Zheng","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S517722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S517722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The implementation of the \"Fit for Life\" concept is not only related to individual physical and mental well-being and the stable development of society but also represents a critical issue for the welfare of all humanity. The Chinese government is committed to realizing this ambitious vision through the \"Healthy China\" initiative, with national fitness serving as a key component of this plan. In the context of expanding demand within the fitness consumption market, the Chinese fitness industry is in urgent need of high-standard development. However, despite strong national policy support, consumer disputes remains common, such as difficulties with prepaid card refunds, unfulfilled sessions due to frequent changes in personal trainers, and challenges in obtaining refunds after gym or business closures, which may be linked to the widespread use of prepaid consumption as the primary payment method. This paper examines the regulatory framework governing prepaid consumption in China's fitness industry, employing a policy review and comparative analysis to explore local legislation across four representative regions selected for their economic significance, policy orientation, and geographical diversity. The study examines both preventive and remedial measures, revealing that while there are regional variations in the stringency of regulations, local legislation generally provides clear and comprehensive guidelines on the definition of prepaid consumption, their scope, card issuance procedures, and liability for compensation. To address common challenges such as standard-form contracts, some regions have introduced region-specific measures, including model contract templates, which have positively influenced the regulation of prepaid consumption in the fitness industry. By systematically reviewing relevant policy frameworks, this study compares their varying impacts on the fitness consumption industry. It further aims to strengthen regulatory support by improving risk prevention and enforcement efficiency for policymakers, while helping business stakeholders enhance operational stability and manage compliance costs more effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1535-1545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of Multifunctional Endoscope Transport Carts in Bedside Endoscopy in Intensive Care Unit Patients.","authors":"Miao Zhang, Jiang Du, Qiongying Zhang, Fu Qiao, Liansong Ye, Bing Hu, Siyuan Tao","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S514809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S514809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether the application of multifunctional endoscope transport carts, in bedside endoscopy in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, can improve the cleaning quality of the endoscopes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 175 endoscopes, used for bedside endoscopy in ICU patients in a hospital in China during November 2023 to January 2024, were randomly classified into the control group (n=88) and the experimental group (n=87). Multifunctional transport carts were used to deliver the endoscopes in the experimental group and traditionally used transport trolleys were used in the control group. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) tests were performed to measure the relative light unit (RLU) values for the outer surfaces and forceps channels of the endoscopes, and a satisfaction survey was conducted with nurses who used the endoscope transport trolleys/carts and the endoscope cleaning staff.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ATP values for the outer surfaces and forceps channels of the endoscopes in the experimental group were 10.0 (6.0, 17.0) RLU and 7.0 (4.0, 11.0) RLU, respectively, lower than 33.5 (9.3, 77.0) RLU for outer surfaces and 14.0 (5.0, 39.8) RLU for forceps channels in the control group. The pass rates for cleaning quality of the outer surfaces and channels of the endoscopes in the experimental group were 98.9% and 100%, respectively, higher than 88.6% for outer surfaces and 93.2% for channels in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The satisfaction scores of the nurses who used the multifunctional endoscope transport carts and the endoscope cleaning staff in the experimental group were 39.7±1.87 and 18.45±1.41, respectively, higher than 19.83±2.08 for nurses and 9.08±1.71 for cleaning staff in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of multifunctional endoscope transport carts in bedside endoscopy in ICU patients could improve the quality of endoscope cleaning.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1527-1534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Performance Evaluation of Combining with Medical and Old-Age Care in Pension Institutions of China: A Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis [Corrigendum].","authors":"","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S538067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S538067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/RMHP.S332880.].</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1513-1514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Health Literacy and Chronic Disease Prevalence Among Employees in Chinese Petroleum Companies: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Huifen Ma, Yiming Su, Shichao Zhao, Ying Wang, Xiaolin Wei, Haiyan Qu","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S514409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S514409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Employees in the petrochemical industry are exposed to numerous occupational hazards, contributing to a higher prevalence of chronic diseases. Health literacy, which reflects an individual's ability to access, understand, and use health information, is a critical factor in managing chronic diseases. However, its specific role in this workforce is not well understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the associations between health literacy and the prevalence and number of chronic diseases among employees in a Chinese petrochemical company.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In March 2022, a cross-sectional survey collected 39,491 valid responses from employees of a large petrochemical company in Shandong Province, China. Health literacy was measured using the National Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire, while chronic disease prevalence and number were self-reported. Logistic and linear regression were used to examine associations between health literacy and chronic disease prevalence and count, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among respondents, 72.1% reported at least one chronic disease, and 53.9% were classified as having adequate health literacy. The domain of Health-Related Skills had the lowest qualification rate (46.4%), and the dimension of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control was the lowest-scoring dimension (33.0%). Overall health literacy was not significantly associated with chronic disease prevalence but was negatively associated with the number of chronic diseases (B = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.08 - -0.02, p < 0.001). Notably, higher literacy in Chronic Disease Prevention and Control was significantly associated with both reduced prevalence (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90-1.00, p = 0.034) and fewer chronic diseases (B = -0.01, 95% CI: -0.02-0.00, p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While overall health literacy was not significantly associated with chronic disease prevalence, it was negatively associated with the number of chronic diseases. Moreover, health literacy in Chronic Disease Prevention and Control showed significant associations with both lower prevalence and fewer chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1515-1526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Pathological Examination Cost Control Through Process Management Information Systems: A Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Qin Huang, Wei Jiang, Ying He, Wei Wang, Bo Song","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S514819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S514819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of process management information systems used for consumable management in the Department of Pathology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data, such as workload capacity of each work group from 2022 to 2023, consumable consumption, warehouse receiving and dispatching, and price of consumables, were extracted from the hospital information system (HIS) and the Goldisc Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University. Chi-square test and 95% confidence interval (CI) analysis were performed to assess the effects of the systems in optimizing pathological examination cost control. The focus group interviews were conducted to investigate the advantages, limitations and optimization strategy of the systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The workload capacities of the cellular pathology group, molecular pathology group, frozen section group, immunohistochemistry group, and routine pathological examination group increased by 20.17%, 22.72%, 24.10%, 24.28%, and 20.11%, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) (95% CI: 19.74%, 24.81%). The difference in the quantity of medical consumables received at the warehouse between 2022 and 2023 was 148,975 (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). The difference in the quantity of dispatched medical consumables between 2022 and 2023 was 150,282 (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). The overstock inventory of medical consumables decreased from 996,527.33 (Chinese Yuan) for 2022 to 832,401.60 (Chinese Yuan) for 2023. The quantity of waste in glass slides decreased from 17,244 for 2022 to 1,538 for 2023 (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). The timeliness rate of histopathological diagnosis in 2023 increased from 65.07% (data for 2022) to 95.46%. The timeliness rate of intraoperative pathological rapid diagnosis in 2023 increased from 67.34% (data for 2022) to 89.45%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intelligent information management modules should be configured for medical consumables to optimize the allocation of medical resources and reduce the cost of pathological examinations. The process management information systems could significantly optimize pathological examination cost control.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1477-1491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12054542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Combinatorial Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer Across Six Cities in China(2016-2021).","authors":"Chen Wang, Bo Chen, Qin Chen, Jie Chen, Liucheng Li","doi":"10.2147/RMHP.S511682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S511682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to assess the prescribing patterns and combinations of endocrine therapy medications for breast cancer across six cities in China over a six-year period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on outpatient prescriptions were sourced from the China Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperative Project database. The study analyzed trends in endocrine therapy medications, focusing on the number of prescriptions, total costs, defined daily doses (DDDs), and defined daily costs (DDC). The study also examined the use of two-drug combinations separately for premenopausal and postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of prescriptions increased by 49.6% from 55,339 in 2016 to 82,791 in 2021. During the same period, annual costs ranged from 47.71 million to 88.37 million Chinese Yuan (CNY), marking an 85.2% increase. Tamoxifen, which led in DDDs in 2016, fell to sixth place, while exemestane rose from fifth to first place. Anastrozole's rank dropped from first to fourth, with letrozole consistently holding the second position in DDDs. Fulvestrant and goserelin consistently ranked among the top two in DDC. Conversely, toremifene and tamoxifen consistently occupied the lowest two positions in DDC. The combination of aromatase inhibitors (AI) and ovarian function suppression (OFS) represented the largest proportion among drug combinations, with its usage significantly increasing over the years (<i>P</i> = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of endocrine therapy drugs has increased, with AI being the most frequently used. Additionally, the combination of AI and OFS has become the most prevalent treatment approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":56009,"journal":{"name":"Risk Management and Healthcare Policy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1503-1511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12054535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}