Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Redox and biometal status in Wistar rats after subacute exposure to fluoride and selenium counter-effects.","authors":"Jelena Radovanović,&nbsp;Biljana Antonijević,&nbsp;Katarina Baralić,&nbsp;Marijana Ćurčić,&nbsp;Danijela Đukić-Ćosić,&nbsp;Zorica Bulat,&nbsp;Dragana Javorac,&nbsp;Aleksandra Buha Đorđević,&nbsp;Jelena Kotur-Stevuljević,&nbsp;Emina Sudar-Milovanović,&nbsp;Evica Antonijević Miljaković,&nbsp;Miloš Beloica,&nbsp;Zoran Mandinić","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of 150 mg/L sodium fluoride (NaF) on redox status parameters and essential metals [copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn)] in the blood, liver, kidney, brain, and spleen of Wistar rats and to determine the protective potential of selenium (Se) against fluoride (F^-) toxicity. Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in groups of five (n=5) receiving tap water (control) or water with NaF 150 mg/L, NaF 150 mg/L + Se 1.5 mg/L, and Se 1.5 mg/L solutions <i>ad libitum</i> for 28 days. Fluorides caused an imbalance in the redox and biometal (Cu, Fe, and Zn) status, leading to high superoxide anion (O^{2 .-}) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the blood and brain and a drop in superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity in the liver and its increase in the brain and kidneys. Se given with NaF improved MDA, SOD1, and O^{2 .-} in the blood, brain, and kidneys, while alone it decreased SH group levels in the liver and kidney. Biometals both reduced and increased F- toxicity. Further research is needed before Se should be considered as a promising strategy for mitigating F^- toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 3","pages":"207-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ad/d8/aiht-73-207.PMC9837529.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10575943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whey protein protects liver mitochondrial function against oxidative stress in rats exposed to acrolein.","authors":"Birsen Aydın,&nbsp;Ali Oğuz,&nbsp;Vedat Şekeroğlu,&nbsp;Zülal Atlı Şekeroğlu","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acrolein (AC) is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants, often associated with incomplete combustion of petrol, wood, and plastic, oil frying, and tobacco smoking, that causes oxidative damage to DNA and mitochondria. Considering that little is known about the protective effects of whey protein (WP) against AC-induced liver toxicity, the aim of our study was to learn more about them in respect to liver mitochondrial oxidative stress, respiratory enzymes, Krebs cycle enzymes, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). To do that, we treated Sprague Dawley rats with daily doses of AC alone (5 mg/kg bw in 0.9 % NaCl solution), WP alone (200 mg/kg bw, in 0.9 % NaCl solution), or their combination by oral gavage for six days a week over 30 days. As expected, the AC group showed a drop in glutathione levels and antioxidant, transport chain, and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activities and a significant rise in mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels. Co-treatment with WP mitigated oxidative stress and improved enzyme activities. Judging by the measured parameters, WP reduced AC toxicity by improving bioenergetic mechanisms and eliminating oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 3","pages":"200-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a4/18/aiht-73-200.PMC9837534.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10626337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of low doses of chlorpyrifos on blood and bone marrow cells in Wistar rats.","authors":"Vilena Kašuba,&nbsp;Vedran Micek,&nbsp;Mirta Milić,&nbsp;Davor Želježić,&nbsp;Anja Katić","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic potential of low doses of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on blood and bone marrow cells in adult male Wistar rats. CPF was administered by oral gavage at daily doses of 0.010, 0.015, and 0.160 mg/kg of body weight (bw) for 28 consecutive days. Positive control (PC) was administered 300 mg/kg bw/day of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) for the final three days of the experiment. Toxic outcomes of exposure were determined with the <i>in vivo</i> micronucleus (MN) assay and alkaline comet assay. The 28-day exposure to the 0.015 mg/kg CPF dose, which was three times higher than the current value of acute reference dose (ARfD), reduced body weight gain in rats the most. The <i>in vivo</i> MN assay showed significant differences in number of reticulocytes per 1000 erythrocytes between PC and negative control (NC) and between all control groups and the groups exposed to 0.015 and 0.160 mg/kg bw/day of CPF. The number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes per 2000 erythrocytes was significantly higher in the PC than the NC group or group exposed to 0.015 mg/kg bw/day of CPF. CPF treatment did not significantly increase primary DNA damage in bone marrow cells compared to the NC group. However, the damage in bone marrow cells of CPF-exposed rats was much higher than the one recorded in leukocytes, established in the previous research. Both assays proved to be successful for the assessment of CPFinduced genome instability in Wistar rats. However, the exact mechanisms of damage have to be further investigated and confirmed by other, more sensitive methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 3","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/73/29/aiht-73-223.PMC9837532.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10575944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical devices as a source of phthalate exposure: a review of current knowledge and alternative solutions.","authors":"Antonela Šimunović,&nbsp;Siniša Tomić,&nbsp;Krunoslav Kranjčec","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phthalates are a group of phthalic acid esters used as plasticisers in a large number of products to improve their flexibility, softness, and extensibility. Their wide use in medical devices, however, raises a lot of concern, as they can enter the organism and have toxic effects on human liver, thyroid, kidneys, lungs, reproductive, endocrine, nervous, and respiratory system and are associated with asthma, obesity, autism, and diabetes. The aim of this review is to summarise current knowledge about phthalate migration from medical devices during different medical procedures and possible impact on patient health. It also looks at alternative plasticisers with supposedly lower migration rates and safer profile. Not enough is known about which and how many phthalates make part of medical devices or about the health impacts of alternative plasticisers or their migration rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 3","pages":"179-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ec/02/aiht-73-179.PMC9837533.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10571126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on \"Wi-Fi technology and human health impact: a brief review of current knowledge\" published in the June 2022 issue of <i>Archives</i>.","authors":"Enrique Arribas,&nbsp;Isabel Escobar,&nbsp;Antonio Martinez-Plaza,&nbsp;Raquel Ramirez-Vazquez","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3671","url":null,"abstract":"The article by Prlić et al. (1) is very interesting, and we believe that it is an important and necessary publication to keep both the scientific community and the general public informed of the rapid growth of wireless technology. Here we would like to expand on the information presented in that article and comment on some new measurements of electromagnetic wave intensity [other authors prefer to call this magnitude power density (2)] from the Wi-Fi band in schools or universities (indoor/classroom or outside environment) in different countries. In particular, we would like to complete Table 3 in Prlić’s article (1) with measurements carried out in Spain, Jordan, and other countries presented here in Table 1. The last two columns of Table 1 show three significant figures (2), and the last column shows power density values in μW/m2. The highest measured value is 86200 μW/m2 or 0.0862 W/m2 in three primary and three secondary schools in the United Kingdom (Table 1). This is 20.6 dB below the maximum allowed reference level of 10 W/m2 (24). A recently published review article (25) collected and analysed all types of studies that investigated health and biological effects of Wi-Fi exposure. The authors concluded that the measured exposure levels were several orders of magnitude below the maximum established by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) of 10 W/m2 for whole-body exposure (24). The second important aspect that we want to comment on are non-thermal effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RFEMF). There is a paper by Pall (26), in which he comments in a well-documented manner on seven possible EMF effects in animals and humans, with special emphasis on wireless technologies. Pall claims that repeated Wi-Fi studies (26–28) show that Wi-Fi causes oxidative stress, sperm/testicular damage, neuropsychiatric effects including EEG changes, apoptosis, cellular DNA damage, endocrine changes, and calcium overload in the organism, blocking its ionic channels. However, we believe that it is necessary to continue","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 3","pages":"241-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ec/56/aiht-73-241.PMC9837531.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10571128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal and perinatal phthalate exposure is associated with sex-dependent changes in hippocampal miR-15b-5p and miR-34a-5p expression and changes in testicular morphology in rat offspring.","authors":"Peter Štefánik,&nbsp;Jaroslav Michalec,&nbsp;Martina Morová,&nbsp;Lucia Olexová,&nbsp;Lucia Kršková","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs are a large group of non-coding nucleic acids, usually 20-22 nt long, which bind to regulatory sections of messenger RNA (mRNA) and inhibit gene expression. However, genome activity is also regulated by hormones. Endocrine disruptors such as those from the phthalate group imitate or block these hormonal effects, and our previous study showed a long-lasting decrease in plasma testosterone levels in rat offspring exposed to a mixture of three phthalates <i>in utero</i> and postnatally. These effects were also observed at the behavioural level. To shed more light on these findings, in this new study we compared testicular tissue morphology between control and phthalatetreated males and investigated possible persistent changes and sex differences in the expression of two hippocampal microRNAs - miR- 15b-5p and miR-34a-5p - participating in the transcription of steroidogenic genes. Histologically observed changes in testicular tissue morphology of phthalate-exposed males compared to control support testosterone drop observed in the previous study. At the microRNA level, we observed more significant changes in phthalate-treated females than in males. However, we are unable to relate these effects to the previously observed behavioural changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 3","pages":"191-199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/94/26/aiht-73-191.PMC9837528.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10575948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 infection masquerading as recurrent apnoea in acute opioid overdose.","authors":"Seyed Mostafa Mirakbari","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3661","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, As a global health problem, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has revealed many unknowns around the manifestations and outcome of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and its constantly emerging new variants. We have seen an increase in extrapulmonary and atypical clinical presentations that may mislead and delay diagnosis and treatment (1). In addition, COVID-19 may imitate a particular presentation that typically occurs in other situations, which is called masquerading of COVID-19. I would like to present my experience with COVID-19 masquerading as recurrent apnoea in acute opioid poisoning. A 29-year-old man with no prior history of acute illness presented to my emergency department with a decreased level of consciousness (GCS 13), myosis, and shallow breathing that subsequently became apnoeic. Examination revealed body temperature of 36.9 °C, regular pulse of 70 beats/min, blood pressure of 100/70 mm Hg, respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, and pulse oximetry of 90 % on room air. His brother told us that the patient had a history of methadone abuse. Other general physical and systemic features were within normal limits and so were routine laboratory tests, which is why he was diagnosed with acute methadone overdose. The patient was immediately ventilated with Ambu-bag and received a loading intravenous bolus dose of 2 mg naloxone. As soon as he started to breathe spontaneously, the naloxone dose was set to 0.8 mg/h and rehydration started with infusion of 3.5 L of saline over the next 24 h. Supplemental oxygen was provided via nasal cannula at the flow rate of 4 L/min. The patient was transferred to intensive care in the poisoning ward and monitored for 72 h. Twelve hours into discontinuation of naloxone and supplemental oxygen, he was about to be discharged, but at that point, he became apnoeic again and had to be resuscitated, intubated, and put on mechanical ventilation at the emergency department. Computed tomography of the chest showed multiple lung opacities indicating COVID-19 pneumonia. The patient was transferred to the isolated corona ward and COVID-19 confirmed by a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. More history taking revealed that he was unvaccinated against COVID-19. Following specific COVID care and administration of remdesivir, corticosteroids, and supplemental oxygen therapy, the","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 2","pages":"178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7b/ce/aiht-73-178.PMC9287830.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40564107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wi-Fi technology and human health impact: a brief review of current knowledge.","authors":"Ivica Prlić,&nbsp;Jerko Šiško,&nbsp;Veda Marija Varnai,&nbsp;Luka Pavelić,&nbsp;Jelena Macan,&nbsp;Silvija Kobešćak,&nbsp;Mladen Hajdinjak,&nbsp;Mihovil Jurdana,&nbsp;Zdravko Cerovac,&nbsp;Branimir Zauner,&nbsp;Marija Surić Mihić,&nbsp;Selma Cvijetić Avdagić","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An enormous increase in the application of wireless communication in recent decades has intensified research into consequent increase in human exposure to electromagnetic (EM) radiofrequency (RF) radiation fields and potential health effects, especially in school children and teenagers, and this paper gives a snap overview of current findings and recommendations of international expert bodies, with the emphasis on exposure from Wi-Fi technology indoor devices. Our analysis includes over 100 <i>in vitro</i>, animal, epidemiological, and exposure assessment studies (of which 37 <i>in vivo</i> and 30 covering Wi-Fi technologies). Only a small portion of published research papers refers to the \"real\" health impact of Wi-Fi technologies on children, because they are simply not available. Results from animal studies are rarely fully transferable to humans. As highly controlled laboratory exposure experiments do not reflect real physical interaction between RF radiation fields with biological tissue, dosimetry methods, protocols, and instrumentation need constant improvement. Several studies repeatedly confirmed thermal effect of RF field interaction with human tissue, but non-thermal effects remain dubious and unconfirmed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 2","pages":"94-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/77/aiht-73-094.PMC9287836.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40564110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic activity of strawberry tree (<i>Arbutus unedo</i> L.) honey, its extract, and homogentisic acid on CAL 27, HepG2, and Caco-2 cell lines.","authors":"Andreja Jurič,&nbsp;Ana Huđek Turković,&nbsp;Irena Brčić Karačonji,&nbsp;Saša Prđun,&nbsp;Dragan Bubalo,&nbsp;Ksenija Durgo","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strawberry tree (<i>Arbutus unedo</i> L.) honey (STH), also known as \"bitter honey\", is a traditional medicine widely used in the Mediterranean area. Regardless of geographical origin, it usually has a very high content of phenolic compounds and strong antioxidant capacity. Yet, little is still known about the effects of STH, its phenolic extract (STHE), and its main bioactive compound - homogentisic acid (HGA) - at the cell level. The aim of this study was to estimate total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power of STH made in Croatia and investigate cytotoxic and pro-oxidative effects of STH, STHE and HGA on three human cell lines: tongue squamous cell carcinoma (CAL 27), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) cells. These substances were tested at four concentrations (0.5-5× average human daily intake of STH) and over 30 min and 1 and 2 h. Croatian STH had a total phenolic content of 1.67 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per kg of honey, DPPH radical scavenging activity of 2.96 mmol Trolox equivalents (TE) per kg of honey, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 13.5 mmol Fe²⁺ per kg of honey. Our results show no clear and consistent time- or concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in any of the cell lines. ROS levels in all the three cell types at almost all exposure times were not significantly higher than control. The most important observation is that the tested substances have low cytotoxicity and high biocompatibility, regardless of concentration, which is a good starting point for further research of their biological effects in other models.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 2","pages":"158-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d3/9a/aiht-73-158.PMC9287835.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40564108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olanzapine poisoning in patients treated at the National Poison Control Centre in Belgrade, Serbia in 2017 and 2018: a brief review of serum concentrations and clinical symptoms.","authors":"Snežana Đorđević,&nbsp;Nataša Perković Vukčević,&nbsp;Marko Antunović,&nbsp;Vesna Kilibarda,&nbsp;Gordana Vuković Ercegović,&nbsp;Jasmina Jović Stošić,&nbsp;Slavica Vučinić","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Olanzapine is a thienobenzodiazepine class antipsychotic that strongly antagonises the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor, but acute poisonings are reported rarely. Symptoms of an overdose include disorder of consciousness, hypersalivation, myosis, and coma. Serum concentration higher than 0.1 mg/L is toxic, while concentration above 1 mg/L can be fatal. Here we report key data about 61 patients admitted to the National Poison Control Centre in Belgrade, Serbia over olanzapine poisoning in 2017 and 2018. The ingested doses ranged from 35 to 1680 mg, and time from ingestion to determination from two to 24 hours. In 34 patients olanzapine serum concentrations were in the therapeutic range and in 27 in the toxic range. In five patients they were higher than fatal, but only one patient died. The most common symptoms of poisoning were depressed consciousness (fluctuating from somnolence to coma), tachycardia, hypersalivation, hypotension, myosis, and high creatine kinase. All patients but one recovered fully after nonspecific detoxification and symptomatic and supportive therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"73 2","pages":"126-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/7e/aiht-73-126.PMC9287839.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40564111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}