Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Radium interference during radon measurements in water: comparison of one- and two-phase liquid scintillation counting.","authors":"Ivana Stojković,&nbsp;Nataša Todorović,&nbsp;Jovana Nikolov","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessment of radiation exposure to drinking, surface, and groundwater and of the associated health risks calls for accurate and precise ²²⁶Ra and ²²²Rn measurements. One method that fits the bill is liquid scintillation counting (LSC), which allows measurements in one-phase (homogenous) or two-phase samples. The aim of our study was to compare the measurement efficiency with both variations in Niška Banja spa water, known for its elevated ²²²Rn content to get a better insight into the stability and behaviour of the samples and ²²⁶Ra interference in samples spiked with ²²⁶Ra with ²²²Rn measurement. ²²⁶Ra interference was more evident in homogenous, one-phase and much lower in two-phase samples. However, one-phase samples offer more accurate indirect ²²⁶Ra measurements. Water-immiscible cocktails (in two-phase samples) have shown a limited capacity for receiving ²²²Rn generated by Ra decay from the aqueous to organic phase when ²²²Rn/²²⁶Ra equilibrium is reached. We have also learned that samples with naturally high ²²²Rn content should not be spiked with ²²⁶Ra activities higher than the ones found in native samples and that calibration of two-phase samples can be rather challenging if measurements span over longer time. Further research would require much lower ²²⁶Ra activities for spiking to provide more practical answers to questions arising from the demonstrated phenomena.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"205-215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/21/d3/aiht-72-205.PMC8576753.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10390969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic toxicity and cytotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and its effects on gene expression in embryonic mouse hypothalamus cells.","authors":"Hun Kim,&nbsp;Min-Wook Hong,&nbsp;Yun-Ho Bae,&nbsp;Sung-Jin Lee","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Even though the endocrine-disrupting potential of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is well known, the mechanisms underlying its cellular and epigenetic toxicity at the critical stage of hypothalamic development are poorly understood. This is why we studied its effects on the embryonic mouse hypothalamic cell line N46 (mHypoE-N46) with a hope to shed more light on the mechanisms through which PFOA causes embryonic hypothalamic cell damage. To do that, we studied cell viability, global DNA methylation, and gene expression in cells exposed to PFOA. As the PFOA dose increased, cell viability decreased, while global DNA methylation increased. PFOA also significantly altered the expression of genes related to the apoptosis and cell cycle, neurotrophic genes, and the <i>Tet</i>, <i>Dnmt</i>, and <i>Mecp2</i> genes. Our findings suggest that exposure to PFOA affects cell survival through the reprogramming of embryonic hypothalamic DNA methylation patterns and altering cell homeostasis genes. DNA methylation and changes in the <i>Mecp2</i> gene expression induced by PFOA also imply wider ramifications, as they alter genes of other major mechanisms of the embryonic hypothalamus. Our study may therefore serve as a good starting point for further research into the mechanisms of PFOA effect of hypothalamic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"182-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/59/aiht-72-182.PMC8576751.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10390975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work from home and musculoskeletal pain in telecommunications workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study.","authors":"Azra Huršidić Radulović,&nbsp;Roko Žaja,&nbsp;Milan Milošević,&nbsp;Bojana Radulović,&nbsp;Ivica Luketić,&nbsp;Tajana Božić","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the side-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is a global change in work ergonomic patterns as millions of people replaced their usual work environment with home to limit the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection. The aim of our cross-sectional pilot study was to identify musculoskeletal pain that may have resulted from this change and included 232 telecommunications company workers of both genders [121 (52.2 %) men aged 23-62 (median 41; interquartile range 33-46 yrs.) and 111 (47.8 %) women aged 23-53 (median 40; interquartile range 33-44)] who had been working from home for eight months (from 16 March to 4 December 2020) before they joined the study. The participants were asked to fill in our web-based questionnaire by self-assessing their experience of hand, lower back, and upper back/neck pain while working at home and by describing their work setting and physical activity. Compared to previous work at the office, 90 (39.1 %) participants reported stronger pain in the lower back, 105 (45.7 %) in the upper back/neck, and 63 (27.2 %) in their hands. Only one third did not report any musculoskeletal problems related to work from home. Significantly fewer men than women reported hand, lower back, and upper back/ neck pain (p=0.033, p=0.001 and p=0.013, respectively). Sixty-nine workers (29.9 %) reported to work in a separate room, 75 (32.4 %) worked in a separate section of a room with other household members, whereas 87 (37.7 %) had no separate work space, 30 of whom most often worked in the dining room. Ninety-five participants (40.9 %) had no office desk to work at, and only 75 (32.3 %) used an ergonomic chair. Of those who shared their household with others (N=164), 116 (70.7 %) complained about constant or occasional disturbances. Over a half of all participants (52 %) said that they worked longer hours from home than at work, predominantly women (p=0.05). Only 69 participants (29.9 %) were taking frequent breaks, predominantly older ones (p=0.006). Our findings clearly point to a need to inform home workers how to make more ergonomic use of non-ergonomic equipment, use breaks, and exercise and to inform employers how to better organise working hours to meet the needs of work from home.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"232-239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/79/ff/aiht-72-232.PMC8576755.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear medicine staff exposure to ionising radiation in ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT practice: a preliminary retrospective study.","authors":"Bojan Pavičar,&nbsp;Jasna Davidović,&nbsp;Biljana Petrović,&nbsp;Goran Vuleta,&nbsp;Saša Trivić,&nbsp;Vlatko Šajinović,&nbsp;Nataša Egeljić-Mihailović,&nbsp;Nataša Todorović,&nbsp;Branko Predojević","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study provides an insight into the levels of radiation exposure of six nuclear medicine (NM) staff (four technologists and two nurses) performing routine diagnostic ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) at the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Disorders, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Data analysis included monthly staff exposure measured with personal thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) between June and December 2018, quantified in terms of normalised dose for the whole body [Hp(10)] and dominant hand [Hp(0.07)] and their comparison between each staff member and between the two groups (technologists and nurses). The study goal was to establish how our Department compared with reports from other PET/CT centres worldwide in terms of annual number of procedures and exposure limits and whether there could be room for further improvements in radiation protection. The number of procedures rose considerably from 208 in 2016 to 876 in 2019 and was 423 in the observed seven-month period. Mean individual whole-body exposure dose per GBq of injected ¹⁸F-FDG activity, [Hp(10)/A] was 18.55 μSv/GBq for the four technologists and 15.61 μSv/GBq for the two nurses. Mean dominant-hand exposure dose per GBq of injected ¹⁸F-FDG activity [Hp(0.07)/A] was 16.99 μSv/GBq and 25.44 μSv/GBq for the two groups, respectively. The average annual cumulative dose for all staff was (1.06±0.29) mSv for Hp(10) and (1.15±0.32) mSv for Hp(0.07). These results are comparable with those of similar studies. Staff doses were well below the annual limits. Nurses received slightly higher extremity doses than technologists. In view of the increasing trends in the number of PET/CT procedures, dose monitoring should be continued to identify exposure hotspots and maintain doses as low as possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"216-224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/7f/aiht-72-216.PMC8576747.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid-19 as occupational disease in healthcare workers: a brief review of cases in the Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Croatia.","authors":"Hrvoje Lalić","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a tremendous impact on every facet of private life and work organisation in virtually all social and economic sectors worldwide. People who stand on the first line of defence are healthcare workers (HCWs) risking exposure to infected patients. However, even though they are often affected by COVID-19 and associated somatic and mental health problems, COVID-19 as a new illness was not immediately acknowledged as occupational disease. This is why several groups of HCWs contacted their occupational medicine physicians in 2020 with a request to register the infection with SARS-CoV-2 as occupational disease. In an attempt to support their appeals and show that hospital workers have a high occupational risk of COVID-19, this study presents COVID-19 incidence and symptoms in 100 employees working at 11 clinics of the Clinical Hospital Centre (CHC) Rijeka, Croatia from 1 June to end December 2020. All of them were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and took sick leave, which lasted 13.6±2.6 days in average. This study also looks into the role of occupational medicine physicians in prospective monitoring of acute and long-acting consequences of COVID-19 that might occur in HCWs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"240-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/a6/aiht-72-240.PMC8576754.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10381827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of five pharmacologically most important <i>CYP2C9</i> and <i>CYP2C19</i> allelic variants in the population from the Republic of Srpska in Bosnia and Herzegovina.","authors":"Stojko Vidović,&nbsp;Ranko Škrbić,&nbsp;Miloš P Stojiljković,&nbsp;Vanja Vidović,&nbsp;Jelena Bećarević,&nbsp;Svjetlana Stoisavljević-Šatara,&nbsp;Nela Maksimović","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The enzymes of the cytochrome P450 superfamily play a critical role in phase I drug metabolism. Among them, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 are clinically important, as they can mediate severe toxicity, therapy failure, and increased susceptibility to cancer and other diseases caused by chemicals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pharmacologically most important allelic variants of the <i>CYP2C9</i> and <i>CYP2C19</i> genes in the general population of the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) and to compare them with other populations. For this purpose we determined the genotype profile and allele frequency of 216 randomly selected healthy volunteers using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prevalence of the <i>CYP2C9 *2</i> and <i>*3</i> alleles was 13.6 and 7.4 %, respectively. Based on these frequencies, of the 216 participants four (1.86 %) were predicted to be poor metabolisers, 78 (36.11 %) intermediate, and the remaining 134 (62.03 %) normal metabolisers. Based on the prevalence of <i>CYP2C19 *2</i> and <i>*17</i> variants - 16.2 and 20.4 %, respectively - nine (4.17 %) were predicted to be poor, 57 (26.39 %) rapid, and nine (4.17 %) ultra-rapid metabolisers. We found no significant differences in allele frequencies in our population and populations from other European countries. These findings suggest that genetically determined phenotypes of <i>CYP2C9</i> and <i>CYP2C19</i> should be taken into consideration to minimise individual risk and improve benefits of drug therapy in the Republic of Srpska.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"129-134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e8/93/aiht-72-129.PMC8265196.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10449210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of and attitudes to occupational and sports medicine among medical students in Zagreb, Croatia.","authors":"Roko Žaja,&nbsp;Hana Brborović,&nbsp;Dominik Oroz,&nbsp;Katarina Zahariev Vukšinić,&nbsp;Marija Bubaš,&nbsp;Tajana Božić,&nbsp;Milan Milošević","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Occupational and sports medicine (OSM) education is poorly represented in Croatian university undergraduate medical curricula. Zagreb University medical students are required to take OSM classes for a week on their final year of studies. The classes are organised around team-based learning (TBL). Given that students who attend TBL classes have significantly higher exam scores than students who take lectures <i>ex cathedra</i>, the aim of this study was to assess students' knowledge and attitudes immediately after TBL OSM classes. This cross-sectional study included 162 final-year Zagreb University School of Medicine students taking TBL classes in OSM in the academic year of 2019/2020. They were recruited from 30 September 2019 to 4 March 2020. Participants filled in a 20-item questionnaire compiled by the authors and adapted to the Croatian legislation. Their answers demonstrated positive attitude toward OSM classes and negative attitude toward occupational medicine practice and OSM specialty. They showed moderate interest only for the job of sports physician. Even though they showed sufficient knowledge of OSM immediately after the course was completed, they were moderately satisfied with their knowledge. Our findings call for rethinking the practical aspects of teaching OSM classes in order to promote OSM practice among medical students or at least raise awareness about the importance of prevention of numerous work or sport-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"135-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6e/1a/aiht-72-135.PMC8265197.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10449212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives increase mRNA expression of <i>Psma3</i>, <i>Psmb5</i>, and <i>Psmc6</i> in rats.","authors":"Kristīne Dišlere,&nbsp;Evita Rostoka,&nbsp;Egils Bisenieks,&nbsp;Gunars Duburs,&nbsp;Natalia Paramonova,&nbsp;Nikolajs Sjakste","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ubiquitin-proteasome system modifies different cellular and protein functions. Its dysregulation may lead to disrupted proteostasis associated with multiple pathologies and aging. Pharmacological regulation of proteasome functions is already an important part of the treatment of several diseases. 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives possess different pharmacological activities, including antiaging and neuroprotective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of several 1,4-DHP derivatives on mRNA expression levels of proteasomal genes <i>Psma3, Psmb5</i>, and <i>Psmc6</i> in several organs of rats. Rats were treated with metcarbatone, etcarbatone, glutapyrone, styrylcarbatone, AV-153-Na, or AV-153-Ca <i>per os</i> for three days. mRNA expression levels were determined with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For AV-153-Na and AV-153-Ca, we also determined the expression of the <i>Psma6</i> gene. In the kidney, metcarbatone, etcarbatone, styrylcarbatone, and AV-153-Na increased the expression of all analysed genes. Glutapyrone increased the expression of <i>Psmb5</i> and <i>Psmc6</i> but did not affect the expression of <i>Psma3</i>. In the blood, glutapyrone increased <i>Psmb5</i> expression. In the liver, AV-153-Na increased the expression of <i>Psma6</i> and <i>Psmc6</i> but lowered the expression of <i>Psmb5</i>, while AV-153-Ca only increased <i>Psma6</i> expression. The ability of 1,4-DHP derivatives to increase the expression of proteasome subunit genes might hold a therapeutic potential in conditions associated with impaired proteasomal functions, but further research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"148-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/e1/aiht-72-148.PMC8265202.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10737885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-drug-gene interactions as mediators of adverse drug reactions to diclofenac and statins: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Nada Božina,&nbsp;Lana Ganoci,&nbsp;Livija Simičević,&nbsp;Katarina Gvozdanović,&nbsp;Iva Klarica Domjanović,&nbsp;Margareta Fistrek Prlić,&nbsp;Tena Križ,&nbsp;Ana Borić Bilušić,&nbsp;Mario Laganović,&nbsp;Tamara Božina","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concomitant treatment with drugs that inhibit drug metabolising enzymes and/or transporters, such as commonly prescribed statins and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), has been associated with prolonged drug exposure and increased risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to drug-drug interactions. The risk is further increased in patients with chronic diseases/comorbidities who are more susceptible because of their genetic setup or external factors. In that light, we present a case of a 46-year-old woman who had been experiencing acute renal and hepatic injury and myalgia over two years of concomitant treatment with diclofenac, atorvastatin, simvastatin/fenofibrate, and several other drugs, including pantoprazole and furosemide. Our pharmacogenomic findings supported the suspicion that ADRs, most notably the multi-organ toxicity experienced by our patient, may be owed to drug-drug-gene interactions and increased bioavailability of the prescribed drugs due to slower detoxification capacity and decreased hepatic and renal elimination. We also discuss the importance of CYP polymorphisms in the biotransformation of endogenous substrates such as arachidonic acid and their modulating role in pathophysiological processes. Yet even though the risks of ADRs related to the above mentioned drugs are substantially evidenced in literature, pre-emptive pharmacogenetic analysis has not yet found its way into common clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"114-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/19/1a/aiht-72-114.PMC8265195.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and occupational exposures associated with male infertility.","authors":"Tihana Marić,&nbsp;Aleksandra Fučić,&nbsp;Anna Aghayanian","doi":"10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The upsurge in male infertility over the last two decades, possibly due to environmental exposure, has raised significant interest, particularly boosted by reports from fertility clinics, which showed that chronic diseases and hereditary or other medical conditions might only partially explain current incidence of male infertility. Both environmental and occupational settings may have a significant role in exposure to complex mixtures of endocrine disruptors (ED), which play a major role in fertility disorders. The aim of this review is to give an insight into the current knowledge on exposure settings which may be associated with male infertility. Our study relied on a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between January 2000 and September 2020. It showed that some well documented factors associated with male infertility include smoking, and physiological disturbances or chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, which in turn, may also reflect lifestyle choices and environmental exposures, especially to EDs such as phthalates, bisphenols, pesticides, and flame retardants. However, the number of studies on the aetiology of male infertility is still too low in comparison with the size of affected population. Occupational health follow-ups and medical surveillance do not collect any data on male infertility, even though ED chemicals are part of many technological processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55462,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju-Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology","volume":"72 3","pages":"101-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/2f/aiht-72-101.PMC8265198.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}