Australian Occupational Therapy Journal最新文献

{"title":"The work of forensic occupational therapists in solitary confinement: An international survey","authors":"Ellie Cassels-Kleinman,&nbsp;Annette Joosten,&nbsp;Lorrae Mynard,&nbsp;Danielle Ashley","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occupational therapists provide care in forensic mental health settings, including in solitary confinement. This study aimed to describe the work and experiences of occupational therapists in forensic solitary confinement internationally.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional online survey was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data, analysed using descriptive statistics and reflexive thematic analysis respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Consumer and Community Involvement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was no consumer or community involvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 44 survey participants (50% from the United Kingdom) were analysed. Recovery principles, the Model of Human Occupation, and person-environment-occupation frameworks guided clinical reasoning. Risk assessment, working with correctional staff, and the physical environment, such as the door hatch, were described as being both enablers and barriers. The most frequent interventions were conversation, reading, games, music, and advocating for item and activity access. Occupational therapists' stress levels varied; debriefing with colleagues, supervision, separating work and home life, and work-related humour were the main coping strategies. Four themes were developed from the qualitative data: (a) We need to be flexible and responsive, (b) risk management affects what we do and how we do it, (c) we are reliant on others to fulfil our role, and (d) working in this environment is emotionally taxing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings provide preliminary evidence of occupational therapists' work in solitary confinement internationally. Enablers and barriers of the physical environment, the role of support staff and resources in therapy provision, staff stress levels and coping strategies, and regulation variations across countries might impact occupational therapists' work. Further research is needed to explore the evidence for adapting and using interventions from acute and subacute mental health settings in secure forensic settings, and whether the Royal College of Occupational Therapy guidelines for practice in secure settings could be adapted for use in forensic solitary confinement settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Ask someone, what is their Dreaming?’: Exploring occupational performance coaching with service providers supporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families","authors":"Laine B. Chilman,&nbsp;Laura Burritt,&nbsp;Sharnna Duncan,&nbsp;Pamela J. Meredith,&nbsp;Charmaine Bernie,&nbsp;Fiona Graham","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70049","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Culturally responsive health services have been highlighted as a national priority in Australia. Yet, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander families still experience notable challenges accessing and engaging in culturally responsive health and community services across states and territories in Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander health service providers partnered with researchers to consider the alignment of occupational performance coaching (OPC) with current practice and its potential applicability when working with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander families. Yarning Circle methodologies were adopted to support data collection, with main themes analysed using a blend of evidence-based approaches from Indigenous and Western cultures, including Thought Ritual and reflexive thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Consumer and Community Involvement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Description and depiction of themes were co-developed by members of the research team, including researchers and service providers from Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander and white cultural backgrounds from Australia and New Zealand.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four key themes emerged from the Yarning Circles and were described and depicted iteratively until agreement was reached. The themes, which intersect around concepts of Dreaming, relationship-building, system disruption, and moving forward, describe how Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander health service providers consider their ways of working in response to prompts around the three domains of OPC. The imagery of a river depicts the links between, and flow of, themes that emerged from the data, with synergy with OPC domains described.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>OPC holds promise as an approach for family support, from the perspective of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander health service providers. Further work is needed to explore its feasibility and applicability from multiple perspectives, including family and community members across all regions of Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to the “Oral presentations Thursday 26 June 2025” for “Occupational Therapy Australia 31th National Conference and Exhibition, 25–27 June 2025, Adelaide. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 72(S1)”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>(2025). Oral presentations Thursday 26 June 2025. <i>Australian Occupational Therapy Journal</i>, 72(S1), e70023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.70023</p><p>The author list of the oral presentation “312|Allied-health recruitment and retention in rural and remote Australia: A scoping review” incorrectly listed Hannah Hui. The author list should read: Emma Brown, Luke Robinson, Ted Brown, and Beth Ould.</p><p>We apologise for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What stroke survivors say about living with upper limb spasticity and how they manage it","authors":"Shannon Pike,&nbsp;Natasha A. Lannin,&nbsp;Lisa Cameron,&nbsp;Mithu Palit,&nbsp;Emma Schneider,&nbsp;Anne Cusick","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Post-stroke spasticity can cause serious impairment, activity limitation, and participation restrictions for survivors, leading to stroke-related disability. While there are hundreds of qualitative studies regarding stroke survivor experience, the phenomenon of what it is like to have post-stroke spasticity is not well understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten community-dwelling adults with chronic stroke and upper limb spasticity who had recently participated in an intensive upper limb rehabilitation programme were interviewed. A descriptive phenomenological approach using thematic analysis was used to identify patterns in the data to construct an understanding of the experience of what it is like to have upper limb spasticity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Consumer and Community Involvement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was consumer review of the information and consent form; there was no further consumer and community involvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Having upper limb spasticity was an embodied experience. Participants created strategies to manage the spasticity and keep active and engaged in valued everyday activities. Some strategies arose from rehabilitation experience, but most were perceived by survivors to be personally developed by them and unique to their everyday activities. These self-management strategies were patterns of action in everyday life that were anchored in time and their access to and use of health and home-care services and assistive technology. Self-management strategies involved expecting, learning, practising, evaluating, and moving forward.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings from this study indicate that stroke survivors who have upper limb spasticity engage in a daily process of adaptation and adjustment to stay active and engaged in valued everyday activities. Further, they use their experience in rehabilitation, access home, and health services as much as they can and develop unique strategies to self-manage upper limb spasticity to reduce impairment and engage in activity. Strategies in this study provide insights for stroke survivors, families, and therapists on ways self-management can be enacted from a survivor perspective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient experiences of occupational formulation: It's about getting to know me","authors":"Lorrae Mynard,&nbsp;Ellie Fossey,&nbsp;Louise Farnworth,&nbsp;Genevieve Pepin","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.70047","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Occupational formulation is a synthesis of assessment information that describes a person's occupational participation and needs, to guide collaborative goal and therapy planning. This study aimed to explore patients' experiences of creating occupational formulations and reflecting on them in an Australian secure forensic hospital.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Method&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This qualitative descriptive study is part of a larger participatory action research project aiming to implement occupational formulation and evaluate its use within a forensic occupational therapy service. An occupational therapist researcher and lived experience worker co-interviewed patients who had completed an occupational formulation. A semi-structured interview guide and chart stimulated recall were used to support discussion with each participant about their occupational formulation. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed, and reflexive thematic analysis was conducted.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Consumer and community involvement&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Extensive consultation with members of the lived experience, occupational therapy and social work teams, and the hospital's consumer advisory group informed the design and implementation of this study.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Findings&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Ten forensic patients, including nine male and one female (aged 30s–60s) from four units, participated in interviews. Three themes were developed. The first, “a getting-to-know-you piece,” describes how participants viewed the occupational formulation and the process of developing it. The second, “talking about losses and limitations” reflects the challenges within the forensic system that participants highlighted through creating and reading their occupational formulations, while the third, “valuing its potential” depicts how the occupational formulations were used and could potentially be used.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Overall, participants viewed occupational formulation positively and valued being heard and understood. The approach benefited patients and the therapeutic relationship, supporting collaboration and potentially shifting power within the patient-therapist relationship. The study also identified missed opportunities to support further reflection and collaborative progress review. Suggestions were made for strengthening the development, documentation, and review of occupational formulations and goals.&lt;","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the clinical utility of the Occupational Therapy Observation Tool–Adjustment Support Details (OTOT-ASD): Experiences of paediatric occupational therapists","authors":"Tricia Margaret Mackay,&nbsp;Helen Bourke-Taylor,&nbsp;Stuart Carey,&nbsp;Maria McKenzie","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.70046","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Standardised assessments are necessary for autistic children and are part of the process of gathering information to develop intervention plans, to monitor progress and gain funding. Due to behavioural characteristics that may be displayed by autistic children, the required structure and demands of standardised assessments can lead to inaccurate results of a child's skills and abilities, impacting outcomes. The Occupational Therapy Observation Tool–Adjustment Support Details (OTOT-ASD) is a descriptive companion tool to be utilised alongside standardised assessment, to enhance accurate assessment of a child's true skills and abilities. This study examines the clinical utility of the OTOT-ASD from the experiences and perspectives of paediatric occupational therapists.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Consumer and community involvement&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Consumers and community members were not involved in the design, execution or write up of the study results.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Method&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study used a mixed methods design. Six paediatric occupational therapists were recruited and trained to use the OTOT-ASD in clinical practice for a four-week trial block. Clinicians' perspectives were collected via semistructured interviews and a brief questionnaire. Findings were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Data analysis revealed four major themes: clinical experiences of using the OTOT-ASD; perceived clinical benefits; recommendations and future use; and what constitutes clinical utility. The majority of the participants indicated a favourable response to the OTOT-ASD clinical utility. Some suggestions for improvement included modifying the title, broadening the population, expanding the function of the tool and providing more educational resources for training.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The findings from this study suggest that the OTOT-ASD is a clinically useful instrument that can support accurate occupational therapy assessment of autistic children. Further, by way of examining the clinical utility of the OTOT-ASD, this study identified key indicators of clinical utility from an occupational therapy perspective.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Occupational therapists test the skills","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144915184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Becoming through simulation-based learning: Lived experiences of occupational therapy students from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds","authors":"Luocheng Zhang,&nbsp;Roma Forbes,&nbsp;Freyr Patterson,&nbsp;Adriana Penman","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With increasing diversity in health professionals education and ongoing workforce shortages, students from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds form a growing proportion of occupational therapy cohorts in Australia. Simulation-based learning (SBL) has been widely integrated as a pedagogical strategy to support students' preparation for clinical practice. However, few studies have explored the lived experiences of Australian occupational therapy students from CALD backgrounds participating in high-fidelity SBL. This study aimed to address this gap.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 15 occupational therapy students from CALD backgrounds enrolled across Australian universities who had participated in high-fidelity SBL. Reflexive thematic analysis was employed to identify key patterns within the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four themes were generated: (1) between fear and growth – the emotional and psychological responses to SBL; (2) challenges in speaking up and being heard – facing language barriers in SBL; (3) balancing cultural identity – managing cultural differences in SBL; and (4) wanting to belong – navigating relationships with peers and educators in SBL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Consumer and Community Involvement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No consumers or community members were involved as research team members or in an advisory capacity in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-fidelity SBL provides valuable learning opportunities and also presents challenges for occupational therapy students from CALD backgrounds. Acknowledging both their struggles and strengths in SBL can help develop more tailored educational strategies. Supporting their success in SBL is crucial for creating more inclusive learning environments and advancing a more culturally competent occupational therapy workforce.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to the posters for “Occupational Therapy Australia 31th National Conference and Exhibition, 25-27 June 2025, Adelaide. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 72(S1)”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>(2025), Posters. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 72(S1), e70024. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1440-1630.70024</p><p>The author list of the poster “18 Occupational therapy in adult rehabilitation of persistent post-concussion symptoms: A scoping review” incorrectly listed Libby Callaway twice. The author list should read: Libby Callaway¹, Aislinn Lalor¹, John Olver^1,2 and Lisa Licciardi¹.</p><p>We apologise for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a prewriting intervention: A pilot randomised control trial","authors":"Berenice Johnston,&nbsp;Brooke Ryan,&nbsp;Megan Hatfield,&nbsp;Samuel D. Calder,&nbsp;Mary Claessen","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.70043","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Successful handwriting is dependent on accurate and efficient letter formation, which is dependent on drawing sub-strokes of letters and prewriting patterns. Currently, there is no prewriting intervention programmes with established efficacy, and little is known about children's perceptions of engaging in these programmes. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and feasibility of a prewriting intervention.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A pilot randomised control trial was conducted with embedded aspects of fidelity and acceptability. Participants included 18 typically developing 4- to 5-year-old children, attending a Western Australian kindergarten (year before first formal schooling year), randomly allocated to an intervention or waitlist control group. Baseline and post intervention data were collected using the Developmental Test of Visual Perception (Third Edition) and the Prewriting Assessment (PWA). Participants received six Peggy Lego intervention sessions, and a fidelity checklist was completed following each session. Immediately following completion of the intervention, participants provided acceptability feedback using a modified Likert scale.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Consumer and Community Involvement&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Teachers and occupational therapists working with 4- to 5-year-old children provided feedback on the intervention.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;There was a statistically significant main effect of time on the PWA score (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003); however, the main effect of group and the interaction of group and time were non-significant (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.070 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.46). The intervention was implemented with high levels of fidelity with 19 sessions (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 34) achieving 100% fidelity. Eligibility was deemed feasible with 60% of those enrolled for the study meeting eligibility criteria. Most participants (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 17) completed six intervention sessions. Most participants found the intervention acceptable (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 13).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Exploratory analysis showed all children significantly improved their prewriting ability; however, it is likely that this effect is not attributed to intervention alone. This pilot randomised control trial is deemed feasible in terms of recruitment, retention of participants, and data collection. Further research on the efficacy of this intervention is justified.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role, challenges, and impact of occupational therapists in custodial settings: A scoping review.","authors":"Elizabeth Elder, Shannon Werner, Julia Crilly Oam","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The number people in custodial settings (i.e., jails and prisons) is increasing globally. In addition to detention and supervision, rehabilitation and skill development are often key goals of corrective services. The high care needs and vulnerability of detainees can often make this challenging, requiring input from a variety of health-care professionals, including occupational therapists. The aim of this scoping review was to synthesise the peer-reviewed literature regarding the role of occupational therapists in custodial settings, the challenges occupational therapists experience in custodial settings, and the impact of occupational therapy on outcomes for people in custody.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute approach was undertaken. Three online databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Criminal Justice Database [PROQUEST]) were searched from January 2013 to May 2024. Studies were included if the Population was occupational therapist(s), the Context was a custodial setting (jail/prison/correctional facility), and the Concept was the role of, challenges to, and the outcome/s of occupational therapy. The Mixed Methods Assessment Tool was used to appraise study quality.</p><p><strong>Consumer and community involvement: </strong>There was no consumer or community involvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies were included in this review; three mixed methods studies, one participatory research design, and one critical reflection, with the quality of evidence varying. The role of occupational therapists was primarily in providing direct care. Challenges experienced by occupational therapists were classified into four categories: (i) engagement, (ii) environmental, (iii) governance, and (iv) resourcing. Acts of violence and recidivism rates decreased in detainees who received occupational therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the often-restrictive nature of jails and prisons, occupational therapists working in custodial settings are in a unique position to develop and implement interventions that support detainees with developing life skills and improve post incarceration employment opportunities. This in turn is suggested to contribute to reduced recidivism.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>People held in prisons and jails often have health and social care needs. Not meeting these needs can lead to housing and job problems after being released. Occupational therapists have an important job. Little is known about what occupational therapists do in custodial settings. This review sought to understand this. Findings showed that staff and detainees liked having occupational therapists. They helped with managing the detainees' feelings and reduce anger. They also helped detainees to get a job and housing after being released.</p>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":"72 4","pages":"e70042"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12332472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}