Experimental Techniques最新文献_第4页

Determination of the Fatigue Crack Growth Rate of a Ductile Material Using the Equivalent Energy Method 用等效能量法测定延性材料的疲劳裂纹扩展速率

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00825-1

Y. Peng, D. Jia, Z. Chen, W. Zhong

{"title":"Determination of the Fatigue Crack Growth Rate of a Ductile Material Using the Equivalent Energy Method","authors":"Y. Peng, D. Jia, Z. Chen, W. Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00825-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00825-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate determination of real-time crack growth length constitutes the fundamental requirement in metallic materials’ fatigue crack growth (FCG) testing. To develop a more reliable FCG rate measurement method, establishing a new real-time crack length monitoring technique for pre-cracked specimens becomes imperative. Consequently, semi-analytical models characterizing both the load–displacement relationship and stress intensity factor (<i>K</i>)-load relationship for mode I pre-cracked specimens were developed based on the equivalent energy principle. The validities of these models were verified through finite element analyses (FEA). Subsequently, a new real-time crack length quantification methodology was established, utilizing exclusively the peak load and corresponding displacement data per fatigue cycle. Furthermore, a semi-analytical equivalent energy method was successfully developed to characterize the FCG behavior in mode I pre-cracked specimens. To validate the efficacy of the proposed methodology, fatigue crack growth experiments were performed on compact tension (CT) specimens fabricated from two different materials. The equivalent energy method successfully generated FCG curves, demonstrating good correlation with results obtained through the traditional unloading compliance method. Consequently, the proposed equivalent energy method necessitates only peak load and corresponding displacement measurements to determine real-time crack growth length. Comparative analysis reveals this method exhibits superior stability to the traditional unloading compliance method, particularly demonstrating enhanced reliability for FCG rate characterization under extreme conditions such as elevated temperatures or high pressures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"50 4","pages":"627 - 637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Process To Design and Analyze Dynamic Environment Test Fixtures (PDADyE) 动态环境测试夹具（PDADyE）设计与分析过程

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00845-x

C. Taylor, J. DeClerck, J. Blough, C. Van Karsen, D. Labyak, R. Joshua

引用次数: 0

Aeroelastic Stability Enhancement of Composite Laminates Using Embedded Pre-Strained NiTi Shape Memory Alloys 应用预应变NiTi形状记忆合金增强复合材料层合板的气动弹性稳定性

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00846-w

K. Tandel, R. Bhanumurthy, D. Raj, P. R. Budarapu

{"title":"Aeroelastic Stability Enhancement of Composite Laminates Using Embedded Pre-Strained NiTi Shape Memory Alloys","authors":"K. Tandel, R. Bhanumurthy, D. Raj, P. R. Budarapu","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00846-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00846-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the aeroelastic stability of hybrid glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates embedded with pre-stressed NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) wires as a strategy for passive flutter suppression. Specimens were fabricated using vacuum bagging and autoclave curing, with SMA wires aligned and pre-stressed below the upper plateau stress to activate stress-induced martensitic transformation under aerodynamic loading. Numerical flutter analysis using MSC NASTRAN (SOL 145) predicted flutter onset at 20 m/s for 4-layered GFRP specimens, while 8-layered laminates delayed instability to 40 m/s due to increased stiffness and bending–torsional coupling. SMA integration enhanced damping by 28% and increased flutter velocity by 20% compared with baseline GFRP. Wind tunnel experiments validated these findings, showing a 30–40% reduction in vibration amplitude for 4-layered specimens and a 6–7 Hz frequency shift with 42% displacement reduction in 8-layered specimens. Transient responses confirmed 49% faster vibration decay, with thermal activation at 40<span>(^{circ })</span>C further lowering amplitudes by 25–30%. Unlike aluminum inserts, which only added stiffness, SMA wires provided both stiffness and damping, enabling superior suppression of aeroelastic instabilities. The Variational Physics-Informed Neural Operator (VINO) demonstrated qualitative agreement with experiments, highlighting the potential of physics-informed digital twins for predictive aeroelastic simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"50 4","pages":"611 - 625"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating High Speed Linescan Extensometer for Dynamic Strain Analysis in Diverse Materials, Part II - Comprehensive Statistical Analysis 评价不同材料动态应变分析的高速线扫描延伸计，第二部分-综合统计分析

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00843-z

L. Zhang, R. Leonard III, D. Stoddard, I. Liu, S. Horstemeyer, M. Jarachi, P. Allison, W. Whittington

{"title":"Evaluating High Speed Linescan Extensometer for Dynamic Strain Analysis in Diverse Materials, Part II - Comprehensive Statistical Analysis","authors":"L. Zhang, R. Leonard III, D. Stoddard, I. Liu, S. Horstemeyer, M. Jarachi, P. Allison, W. Whittington","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00843-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00843-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Part II of this series builds on the experimental results detailed in Part I (Zhang et al., 2025). This paper conducts an extensive statistical analysis of the high-speed linescan extensometer data collected from diverse materials under dynamic loading conditions. Collaborative efforts among several universities and a material testing lab have allowed for a comprehensive evaluation of the linescan extensometer’s repeatability, reproducibility, and reliability across multiple experimental platforms. Using statistical tools, including Bland-Altman plots and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), this paper evaluates the linescan extensometer against traditional methods such as 2D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and one-dimensional wave theory. The findings illustrate that the linescan extensometer not only matches but, in some cases, surpasses the performance of established strain measurement techniques, particularly in terms of operational simplicity and cost-effectiveness. The robust statistical framework and cross-institutional evaluations underscore. the potential of linescan extensometry as a preferred method for dynamic strain measurement in both academic research and practical engineering applications. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"50 4","pages":"561 - 572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review and Comparison of Methods for Vibration Qualification Testing 振动鉴定试验方法综述与比较

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00839-9

M. Behling, M. S. Allen, R. Mayes, W. J. DeLima

{"title":"Review and Comparison of Methods for Vibration Qualification Testing","authors":"M. Behling, M. S. Allen, R. Mayes, W. J. DeLima","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00839-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00839-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vibration qualification tests have been used for decades to ensure that components will perform reliably in their operational environments. Sequential Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) testing became standard in the late 1940s due to its simplicity and repeatability. While this method remains useful, advances in shakers, vibration controllers, data acquisition, and modeling now allow for more accurate testing in many cases. This paper reviews traditional dynamic environment testing methods alongside recent advancements aimed at improving test accuracy. Approaches are categorized into two groups: those using enveloped environments, and those based on actual measured environments. SDOF testing remains effective for certain components and applications involving enveloped environments, yet it has significant limitations that are discussed. Methods are reviewed that seek to enhance SDOF testing, including a simulated case study that demonstrates how force limiting can prevent over-testing when precise environmental data is unavailable. For cases where the true environment is known, we derive conditions for globally accurate response reconstruction using principles from the Hurty / Craig-Bampton substructuring technique and modal analysis. Two frameworks are introduced; one is for systems with a few discrete interfaces between the device under test (DUT) and its support structure, and the other is for systems with continuous or more complicated interfaces. These frameworks are applied to current test methods, including SDOF, 3DOF, 6DOF, and Impedance Matched Multi-Axis Testing (IMMAT), to evaluate their accuracy in replicating real-world environments. A second set of case studies supports these findings, showing that while IMMAT offers the highest accuracy when framework conditions are met, 6DOF testing provides a practical balance between complexity and performance. The review paper concludes with a summary of key challenges in dynamic environment testing and highlights areas for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"50 1","pages":"23 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147338357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compact Form Dynamic Linearization Based Model-Free Adaptive Control for Magnetic Suspension Active Vibration Isolation System 基于紧凑形式动态线性化的磁悬浮主动隔振系统自适应控制

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00832-2

G. Yuan, Q. Wu, Y. Chen, B. Liu

{"title":"Compact Form Dynamic Linearization Based Model-Free Adaptive Control for Magnetic Suspension Active Vibration Isolation System","authors":"G. Yuan, Q. Wu, Y. Chen, B. Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00832-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00832-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, with the increasing complexity of controlled systems and the challenges associated with model accuracy, data-driven control methods have attracted growing attention due to their ability to bypass the need for precise system modeling. In response to the nonlinear, time-varying, and model-uncertain characteristics of magnetic suspension vibration isolation systems, this paper investigated a model-free adaptive control method based on compact form dynamic linearization, and its application to magnetic suspension vibration isolation systems. The proposed control method collected input–output data in real-time, solving and updating the pseudo-partial derivatives (PPD) and the required output quantities. A six degree-of-freedom (DOF) magnetic suspension active vibration isolation system was designed and experimentally validated. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed compact form dynamic linearization based model-free adaptive controller (CFDL-MFAC) performs exceptionally well in addressing the unknown system model problem. Specifically, under a 1 Hz low-frequency disturbance, the method achieved an 8.21 dB reduction in acceleration, confirming the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"50 4","pages":"653 - 665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Analysis of Input Parameters for Film-Based Flash X-Ray Radiography 基于胶片的闪光x射线成像输入参数分析

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00836-y

F. Wilson, K. Harke, A. J. Hardy, D. J. Kline, K. T. Sullivan, J. Tringe, V. Eliasson

{"title":"An Analysis of Input Parameters for Film-Based Flash X-Ray Radiography","authors":"F. Wilson, K. Harke, A. J. Hardy, D. J. Kline, K. T. Sullivan, J. Tringe, V. Eliasson","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00836-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00836-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flash X-ray radiography (flash) is a commonly used diagnostic technique in dynamic experiments. An analysis of the effects of input parameters on resulting metrics of image quality can aid the experimentalist in configuring the X-ray input parameters to produce the highest quality radiograph for a given experiment. A flash X-ray test bed with HS800 film and a LANEX Medium F intensifier screen was used with an L3 450 kVp pulser and Scandiflash X-ray tube for this study. Input parameters including charge voltage, source filtering, and film-pack assembly were investigated for their impact on contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), contrast, and contrast transfer function (CTF). Using VIDAR’s NDT Pro industrial film digitizer, scanner parameters such as optical density range, pixel spacing, scan mode, and digital bit-depth were also examined for their impact on image quality metrics. The highest CNR values were found with two LANEX intensifiers and no filtering. Charge voltage had no direct impact on CNR values. LANEX screen count and filtering resulted both in direct effects on CNR and interaction effects with each other and CNR value. Uncertainty bounds for CNR comparisons and repeatability of CTF evaluations are also discussed. Finally, the film results are compared with a previous study using other detector types, specifically Carestream INDUSTREX Flex GP, Flex HR, Flex XL Blue, and HPX-DR 3543.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"50 4","pages":"599 - 610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Machine Testing of Running Specific Prostheses Based on User-Specific Input Parameters 基于用户特定输入参数运行特定假肢的动态机器测试

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00838-w

C. Barattini, A. Vigliani, F. Starker

{"title":"Dynamic Machine Testing of Running Specific Prostheses Based on User-Specific Input Parameters","authors":"C. Barattini, A. Vigliani, F. Starker","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00838-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00838-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a new testing protocol for running-specific prostheses that aims to better simulate real running conditions. Unlike traditional methods that often use fixed conditions and lack standardization, this approach adjusts the rotation of the bottom platform and the vertical compression force, based on findings from treadmill tests and static analyses. The study tests two prosthetic footblade models by simulating two different running styles. To evaluate the accuracy of these dynamic tests, the study compares the vertical and horizontal forces measured during testing to those recorded from actual users running. The most accurate test showed only a 2.46% error in the ratio of horizontal to vertical forces and a 2.38% standard deviation compared to real-life data. These findings indicate that the testing method closely matches real-world conditions, demonstrating its reliability. In the future, this dynamic testing method could be standardized to improve the evaluation of prosthetic running blades across various models and stiffness levels, helping to bridge the gap between laboratory tests and real-world usage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"50 4","pages":"587 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40799-025-00838-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Evaluation of NARX Model Based Compensation in Complex Control Scenarios for Real-Time Hybrid Simulation 基于NARX模型的实时混合仿真复杂控制场景补偿实验评估

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00837-x

W. Xu, X. Meng, C. Peng, T. Guo, C. Chen, Y. Chen

{"title":"Experimental Evaluation of NARX Model Based Compensation in Complex Control Scenarios for Real-Time Hybrid Simulation","authors":"W. Xu, X. Meng, C. Peng, T. Guo, C. Chen, Y. Chen","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00837-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00837-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) partitions a test structure into experimental and numerical substructures, facilitating full-scale testing within the constraints of size-limited laboratories. This methodology has significantly transformed seismic resistance testing by enabling real-time, comprehensive experimentation, representing a major advancement in civil engineering. However, as the structural complexity increases, the associated rise in degrees of freedom imposes greater demands on the interfaces between experimental and numerical substructures. To address these challenges, advanced control methodologies, such as multi-actuator RTHS and shaking table RTHS, have been developed to supersede conventional single-actuator setups. These advanced systems necessitate sophisticated delay compensation techniques to ensure accuracy and stability. In this study, a compensation method based on the Nonlinear Autoregressive with External Input (NARX) model is applied to a two-degree-of-freedom RTHS system to assess its effectiveness in multi-actuator scenarios. Additionally, the NARX model-based compensation is further implemented for shaking table RTHS to enhance control performance. Experimental results demonstrate that NARX-based compensation offers a promising solution for managing complex control requirements in both multi-actuator RTHS and shaking table RTHS, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of real-time hybrid simulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"50 4","pages":"573 - 586"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Experimental Investigation of Fatigue Damage Growth in Composites Materials Using the Vibration Response Phase Decay 基于振动响应相位衰减的复合材料疲劳损伤扩展实验研究

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00826-0

M. Lasen, D. De Bono, M. Peluzzo, D. Di Maio

引用次数: 0