Experimental Techniques最新文献_第5页

Extraction of the Descriptive Function of a Folding Wing With Free-Play Using the Modal Test Results to Be Used in the Nonlinear Motion Equation of the Structure 利用模态测试结果提取自由播放折叠翼的描述函数，并将其用于结构的非线性运动方程中

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00734-9

M. Ghadimi, R. Azarafza, A. Davar, J.E. Jam

{"title":"Extraction of the Descriptive Function of a Folding Wing With Free-Play Using the Modal Test Results to Be Used in the Nonlinear Motion Equation of the Structure","authors":"M. Ghadimi, R. Azarafza, A. Davar, J.E. Jam","doi":"10.1007/s40799-024-00734-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-024-00734-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Structures can exhibit non-linear behavior due to the presence of free-play. To analyze this behavior, different numerical and analytical methods like the substructure synthesis method or the harmonic balance method are used. To determine the effect of non-linarites caused by free-play, descriptive functions must be identified. The restoring force approach is frequently used in systems where mass and stiffness matrices are known, such as finite element models. Another approach involves frequency response functions obtained through vibration tests.</p><p>This article discusses the second approach, which involves extracting the free-play function using frequency response functions obtained from tests. The tests include a modal test with random excitation to determine the frequency response functions for the linear mode of the modes with low excitation amplitude. Additionally, sinusoidal excitation is used with increasing amplitude for the frequency response functions in the nonlinear state of the modes. The laboratory method used to determine the nonlinear modes involves increasing the amplitude of sinusoidal stimulation in the frequency range of each resonance. This article presents a practical method for analyzing the dynamic behavior of structures related to the folding wing of a flying system. Using simple techniques and vibration test results, it deals with extracting the free-play function of the structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 1","pages":"137 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141938914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vertical Projectile Launcher for Study of Rapid Penetration into Soil Targets 用于研究快速穿透土壤目标的垂直射弹发射器

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00732-x

L. Giacomo, D. Grace, M. Omidvar, S. Bless, M. Iskander

{"title":"Vertical Projectile Launcher for Study of Rapid Penetration into Soil Targets","authors":"L. Giacomo, D. Grace, M. Omidvar, S. Bless, M. Iskander","doi":"10.1007/s40799-024-00732-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-024-00732-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The majority of ballistic experiments in granular media in the literature involve horizontally launching projectiles. Notwithstanding the significant scientific findings resulting from these studies, the depth-dependence of geostatic stresses is not captured in a horizontal configuration. The design and performance of a vertical ballistic range is described herein. The range is capable of launching projectiles at impact speeds of up to 900 m/s into soil targets. A pluviator is employed to prepare sand targets with precise and highly repeatable bulk densities. Use of a photon Doppler velocimeter (PDV) and other instrumentation to track projectile velocity both in-flight and during penetration into the soil target are elucidated. A relationship is found between the muzzle velocity and chamber pressure. Launcher performance is quantified by comparing measured muzzle velocities with theoretical velocities calculated from isentropic expansion of gas behind the projectile in the launcher barrel. It is found that the launcher efficiency is in the range of 70 to 90%, with efficiency increasing for heavier projectiles. The PDV instrumentation developed for the range successfully resolves projectile velocities in flight and during penetration into the soil target.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"48 6","pages":"1077 - 1092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Approach to Measure the Chip Formation Temperature Using the Implanted Thermocouple Method 使用植入式热电偶法测量芯片形成温度的新方法

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00736-7

C. P. P. Silva, T. C. C. Oliveira, R. G. Lisboa, M. B. Da Silva, A. M. Abrão, R. H. L. da Silva, I. C. Pereira

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Measure the Chip Formation Temperature Using the Implanted Thermocouple Method","authors":"C. P. P. Silva, T. C. C. Oliveira, R. G. Lisboa, M. B. Da Silva, A. M. Abrão, R. H. L. da Silva, I. C. Pereira","doi":"10.1007/s40799-024-00736-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-024-00736-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Simultaneous measurement of the temperature in different regions during machining operations presents many limitations. Currently, only orthogonal cutting using a infrared camera allows the simultaneous measurement of temperature in different regions. Additionally, temperature measurement in certain regions is a challenge, for instance, in the chip/tool interface and inside the chip. The application of advanced sensors and the adaptation of well-established techniques in regions of difficult access, such as the chip-tool interface and the chip itself, have been the subject of research to allow the better understanding of the heat generation and temperature evolution during machining operations. This work investigates the application of the inserted thermocouple method to measure the temperature inside the chip during its formation, together with the tool-workpiece thermocouple method to compare the effect of the cutting parameters on both the chip-tool interface and chip temperature. Orthogonal cutting of AISI 1020 steel was performed using cemented tungsten carbide bits. The findings indicated that both methods were able to assess the influence of the investigated parameters and that temperature presented the same behavior, in spite of the differences in absolute values (higher temperatures were recorded using the tool-workpiece thermocouple). Temperature increased with cutting speed, decreased with the elevation of the undeformed chip thickness and was not affected by width of cut. The highest temperature (668 °C) was observed at the tool-workpiece interface using a cutting speed of 120 m/min, undeformed chip thickness of 0.1 mm and width of cut of 1.5 mm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"48 6","pages":"1093 - 1100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coefficient of Friction Between Pant Fabrics and Seat Covers: An In-Vivo Experimental Study 裤子织物与座椅套之间的摩擦系数：活体实验研究

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00733-w

A. Lamsal, T. R. Bush

{"title":"Coefficient of Friction Between Pant Fabrics and Seat Covers: An In-Vivo Experimental Study","authors":"A. Lamsal, T. R. Bush","doi":"10.1007/s40799-024-00733-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-024-00733-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shear force at the seat interface has been known to increase the risk of pressure injury (PI) formation in wheelchair users. Understanding the frictional interaction between pant fabric and seat cover fabric in the presence of deformable material (human tissue and seat cushion) is essential to select optimal fabrics to reduce shear force and decrease PI risk. The objective of this work was to evaluate the coefficients of friction between five pant fabrics and two seat covers using human subjects and a novel experimental setup. This experimental set up created a system where participants were able to slide across a seat pan. Shear forces required to pull the participants as well as the normal force on the seat pan were collected for twelve participants. The coefficient of friction was calculated using the force balance from these experimental data sets. The coefficient of friction was higher with the vinyl seat cover common on wheelchairs (0.503–0.572) compared to the office seat cover (0.336–0.448) with all pant fabrics. Furthermore, with the office cover, a substantial drop was observed in the coefficient of friction after sliding, which differed from the vinyl seat cover. This study developed a methodology to study friction behavior at the human-seat interface and quantified coefficients of friction between pant fabrics and two common types of seat covers. It provides a method by which realistic situational shear forces can be studied, as they are a risk factor for PI formation in wheelchair users.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"48 6","pages":"1065 - 1075"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141610137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: A Technique for In-Situ Displacement and Strain Measurement with Laboratory-Scale X-Ray Computed Tomography 更正：实验室规模 X 射线计算机断层扫描原位位移和应变测量技术

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00725-w

O. L. Kafka, A. K. Landauer, J. T. Benzing, N. H. Moser, E. Mansfield, E. J. Garboczi

引用次数: 0

Loading Conditions Effects on Fatigue Life of Notched Rods Using Four-Point Bending Test 使用四点弯曲试验的加载条件对缺口杆疲劳寿命的影响

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00726-9

H. Chouikhi, M. Mahdi, M. Saber

{"title":"Loading Conditions Effects on Fatigue Life of Notched Rods Using Four-Point Bending Test","authors":"H. Chouikhi, M. Mahdi, M. Saber","doi":"10.1007/s40799-024-00726-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-024-00726-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shaft design assumes that the end supports of the shaft are simply supported that is not entirely correct. This article investigates the effects of simply supported ends and fixed-fixed supported ends on the bending moment developed in shafts. The bending moments and hence bending stress are life limiting parameters of shafts. Moreover, the effects of transverse loading inclination, loading spacing, and loading variation on the bending moment developed in shafts are studied. Analytical, numerical, and experimental approaches were adopted. Notched steel rods were used in fatigue experiments. The fatigue lives of those rods were measured and recorded. The bending moment applied to the rod specimen was calculated and compared to those obtained from the analytical and numerical approaches. The studies revealed that the simply supported end conditions will result in a shaft diameter that is 88% larger. However, the fixed-fixed end condition will result in a shaft diameter that is 67% smaller. The average bending moments of the simply supported and the fixed-fixed end conditions will result in the most accurate shaft diameter. Moreover, the maximum bending moment occurred when the load inclination angle θ = 0.0. It also increased with increasing the load ratio P<sub>1</sub>/P<sub>2</sub> and the load spacing ratio <i>l</i><sub>1</sub>/L, where P<sub>1</sub>, P<sub>2</sub>, <i>l</i><sub>1</sub>, and L are respectively the left-hand load, the right-hand load, the position of P<sub>1</sub> from the left-hand support, and the total length of the shaft.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"48 6","pages":"1039 - 1052"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141519119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrostatic Micro-Actuation System to Evaluate the Elastic Moduli of Metals with the Application of DC Voltage 应用直流电压评估金属弹性模量的静电微动系统

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00730-z

S. Hossain, G. Singh, E. Haque, M. Nishat, E. Tarif, P. K. Mukhopadhyay

{"title":"Electrostatic Micro-Actuation System to Evaluate the Elastic Moduli of Metals with the Application of DC Voltage","authors":"S. Hossain, G. Singh, E. Haque, M. Nishat, E. Tarif, P. K. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1007/s40799-024-00730-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-024-00730-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Elastic modulus is the core of mechanical spectroscopy to study the actuation-based performance, lifetime, reliability, and stability of pure metals as well as alloys. In this investigation, a prototype system has been discussed for measuring the elastic properties of pure metals such as Cu (99.99%), Al (99.99%), and Ni (99.99%) using electrostatic force. The samples were processed by cold rolling producing specimens of 10–100 microns thickness. A variable potential difference ranging from 1 to 370 V DC was supplied, thus applying a variable electrostatic force to the specimen. The whole system is concentrated on the measurement of micro- to macroscale levels, and a powerful optical microscope evaluates the deflection. The current system has been used to estimate the samples' elastic moduli and then compare it with those obtained by the well-known tensile stress–strain testing method. Finally, the experimental principle of measuring elastic modulus was developed to conduct further research on the metallic materials that are induced by external stimuli like magnetic fields, lasers, and/or heat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"48 6","pages":"1053 - 1063"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40799-024-00730-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141519120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Cover: Experimental Modal Analysis and Operational Deflection Shape Analysis of a Cantilever Plate in a Wind Tunnel with Finite Element Model Verification 封面风洞中悬臂板的实验模态分析和运行挠度形状分析以及有限元模型验证

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00729-6

引用次数: 0

Evaluation and Prediction of Wrapping Deformation in Sheet Part Grinding 板材零件磨削中包覆变形的评估和预测

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00720-1

C. Zhu, Y. Sun, D. Wang, X. Wei, Z. Shi, P. Gu

引用次数: 0

Namazu: Low-Cost Tunable Shaking Table for Vibration Experiments Under Generic Signals Namazu：用于通用信号下振动实验的低成本可调振动台

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00727-8

J. Grashorn, M. Bittner, M. Banse, X. Chang, M. Beer, A. Fau

{"title":"Namazu: Low-Cost Tunable Shaking Table for Vibration Experiments Under Generic Signals","authors":"J. Grashorn, M. Bittner, M. Banse, X. Chang, M. Beer, A. Fau","doi":"10.1007/s40799-024-00727-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-024-00727-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents Namazu, a low-cost tunable shaking table framework for uniaxial vibration experiments in engineering education and research. All components and corresponding assembly are detailed. The design is easy to use and requires minimum maintenance. Open-source software covering signal generation and microcontroller programming is proposed to prescribe the motion of the table. There is no restriction in the programming language used to interface with the table. Communication with the microcontroller is performed via a serial interface, which eliminates the need for additional software. Besides, any displacement signals, including random ones, can be chosen. Due to the open-source nature of the Namazu table, users can also implement custom methods for signal generation and modify the table hardware. Suggestions are given in the paper. Accuracy is analyzed through displacement measurements. In addition, the Shinozuka benchmark is proposed and applied to test the table accuracy in the frequency domain. The results show good consistency of the signals obtained with the setpoints. Thus, Namazu, including the shaking table and a software suite, offers a versatile, accessible, and accurate solution for vibration experiments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 1","pages":"97 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40799-024-00727-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141344614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0