Direct Drive Friction Welding Influence on Metallurgical, Mechanical, and Electrochemical Properties of AISI 316

IF 1.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL
A. J. Hassan, N. E. Titouche, S. A. Amzert, B. Cheniti, B. Belkessa, T. Boukharouba, D. Miroud
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Abstract

This study examines the influence of direct drive friction welding (DDFW) on Cr-Ni-Mo steel (AISI 316) with a focus on metallurgical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties. Different friction times, ranging from 5.5 s to 12 s, were investigated while keeping other conditions constant. Temperature measurements, Macro-microstructure, microhardness, tensile tests, tensile fracture morphology, and electrochemical tests were performed. The results show that the maximum temperature (Tmax) exhibits a slight increase with an extended friction time. The temperature variation ranges from 826 °C to 879 °C for friction times of 5.5 s and 12 s, respectively, thus, the welded joint is divided into four distinct regions: highly plastically deformed zone (HPDZ), thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal, with grain sizes of approximately 10 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, and 25 μm, respectively. The HPDZ is responsible for the microhardness elevation at the interface, while the TMAZ and HAZ are responsible for the microhardness attenuation in the neighboring region and weak in tension. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) related to AISI 316 decreases from 104.50 to 94.57% for 5.5 s and 12 s, respectively, and the ductility related to AISI 316 decreases from 58.21 to 54.05% for 5.5 s and 12 s, respectively. Tensile fractures occurred at the TMAZ with a ductile fracture mode and cleavage features with irregular forms of microcavities throughout the fingerprints. The results of the electrochemical test clearly indicate that the weld zone (WZ) exhibits superior corrosion resistance compared to the base metal (BM), AISI 316. Further analysis of the results revealed that the TMAZs are more susceptible to pitting than the HAZ. Thus, only a few micro-pits are observed in the HPDZ compared to the pitting state in the TMAZs.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

直接驱动摩擦焊接对 AISI 316 的冶金、机械和电化学性能的影响
本研究考察了直接驱动摩擦焊(DDFW)对Cr-Ni-Mo钢(AISI 316)的冶金、机械和电化学性能的影响。在保持其他条件不变的情况下,研究了不同的摩擦时间,范围从5.5 s到12 s。进行了温度测量、宏观微观结构、显微硬度、拉伸试验、拉伸断口形貌和电化学试验。结果表明:随着摩擦时间的延长,最高温度(Tmax)略有升高;摩擦时间分别为5.5 s和12 s时,温度变化范围为826℃~ 879℃,焊接接头被划分为4个不同的区域:高塑性变形区(HPDZ)、热机械影响区(TMAZ)、热影响区(HAZ)和母材,晶粒尺寸分别约为10 μm、100 μm、110 μm和25 μm。HPDZ负责界面处的显微硬度升高,而TMAZ和HAZ负责相邻区域的显微硬度衰减和张力减弱。与AISI 316相关的极限抗拉强度(UTS)在5.5 s和12 s分别从104.50%下降到94.57%,与AISI 316相关的塑性在5.5 s和12 s分别从58.21%下降到54.05%。拉伸断裂发生在TMAZ,其断裂模式为韧性断裂,解理特征为不规则形状的微腔遍布指纹。电化学测试结果清楚地表明,与母材(BM) AISI 316相比,焊缝区(WZ)具有更好的耐腐蚀性。进一步的分析结果表明,tmaz比HAZ更容易发生点蚀。因此,与tmaz中的点蚀状态相比,HPDZ中只观察到少数微坑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Experimental Techniques
Experimental Techniques 工程技术-材料科学:表征与测试
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
6.20%
发文量
88
审稿时长
5.2 months
期刊介绍: Experimental Techniques is a bimonthly interdisciplinary publication of the Society for Experimental Mechanics focusing on the development, application and tutorial of experimental mechanics techniques. The purpose for Experimental Techniques is to promote pedagogical, technical and practical advancements in experimental mechanics while supporting the Society''s mission and commitment to interdisciplinary application, research and development, education, and active promotion of experimental methods to: - Increase the knowledge of physical phenomena - Further the understanding of the behavior of materials, structures, and systems - Provide the necessary physical observations necessary to improve and assess new analytical and computational approaches.
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