Brain Topography最新文献

{"title":"rTMS Modulates Static and Dynamic Brain Functional Networks in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An EEG Microstate Study.","authors":"Jiannan Kang, Juanmei Wu, Yuqi Li, Wenqin Mao, Xiaoli Li, Tianyi Zhou, He Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01209-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-026-01209-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) shows promise for treating Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but its impact on the temporal dynamics of large-scale brain networks remains unclear. This study investigated the modulatory effects of rTMS on static and dynamic brain functional networks in children with ASD. Thirty-two children were randomized into an active rTMS group (1 Hz over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and a sham control group. Resting-state EEG and behavioral assessments were conducted before and after a 9-week intervention. We employed a multi-dimensional analysis approach, combining microstate temporal parameters, static functional connectivity based on the weighted Phase Lag Index (wPLI), and dynamic complexity measured by Fuzzy Entropy. Results indicated that intrinsic features of Microstate B were significantly correlated with social relating deficits. Although rTMS did not induce significant interaction effects in standard microstate temporal parameters, it significantly enhanced static functional connectivity strength and increased the dynamic complexity of brain networks across all microstates. These findings suggest that rTMS exerts its therapeutic effects by strengthening network integration and restoring neural flexibility rather than simply altering the duration of brain states. The study underscores the value of network-based EEG metrics in elucidating the neuroplastic changes induced by neuromodulation in ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully Automated EEG Source Imaging Using Structured Sparsity for Single and Multiple Synchronous Epileptic Activities.","authors":"M Aud'hui, A Kachenoura, L Albera, I Merlet, P Berraute, M Yochum, P Van Bogaert, M Kuchenbuch, P Benquet","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01195-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-026-01195-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate localization of epileptic zones from high-resolution electroencephalography (HR-EEG) data can be challenging, especially when multiple synchronous zones are involved, and is highly dependent on the chosen EEG Source Imaging (ESI) method. Since a given scalp-level electrical pattern can result from multiple source configurations, ESI methods address this ill-posed inverse problem by imposing constraints on the structure of underlying sources. Here, we present an efficient approach that imposes sparsity on both the source-level activity and its spatial gradient. Unlike other methods that generally require a heuristic choice of a regularization parameter that balances between data fidelity and constraints, our method iteratively adjusts the parameter value based on the noise level in a fully automated way. The performance of the new method is evaluated across different scenarios of realistic synthetic HR-EEG data, including unifocal and synchronous multifocal cortical epileptic activity. Based on multiple performance indices, we demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms traditional methods in accurately reconstructing epileptic sources. We also show that the method reduces polarity artifacts responsible for ghost sources and spatial discontinuities. Its ability to recover homogeneous and well-delineated epileptic regions is further confirmed based on real HR-EEG data of a typical absence seizure.</p>","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation (iTBS) Modulates Abnormal Brain Activity During Emotional Arousal in Adolescent Depression: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Zeyang Zhao, Yuan Liu, Jiang Wang, Peiying Li, Zhi Yang, Ling Sun, Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01198-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-026-01198-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising incidence of adolescent depression in China causes significant impairments, necessitating rapid treatments such as accelerated Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS). However, responses to treatment vary. We used naturalistic functional magnetic resonance imaging (N-fMRI) to investigate the impact of depression on the neural processing of emotional arousal. The objectives of this study were: 1) to identify brain regions associated with treatment response, and 2) to correlate these neural signatures with clinical outcomes following accelerated iTBS.Fifty-eight adolescents with depression and twenty-nine healthy controls underwent fMRI while viewing emotion-evoking videos. Forty-three patients completed accelerated iTBS treatment, with pre- and post-treatment fMRI scans. Statistical analysis of the MRI data was performed in SPM12, employing cluster-based family-wise error correction at a significance threshold of p < 0.05.Whole-brain analysis revealed that adolescents with depression exhibited significantly reduced emotion-arousal activation in the left superior frontal gyrus (L-SFG) and left middle frontal gyrus (L-MFG) compared to healthy controls during high-to-medium emotional arousal. Hamilton Depression Scale scores significantly decreased after iTBS treatment. L-MFG showed a marginally significant increase in emotion-arousal activation after iTBS. Correlation analysis between the Euclidean distance of treatment targets to the L-SFG and psychological scale scores revealed a significant negative association between the Euclidean distance and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 reduction rate.This exploratory study suggests that abnormal activity in the L-SFG and L-MFG underlies the variable efficacy of accelerated iTBS in adolescent depression. Our findings indicate that in an exploratory analysis, proximity to the L-SFG is correlated with treatment response, and L-MFG beta values showed slightly increased post-treatment. These preliminary results highlight these regions as potential neuroanatomical targets for future confirmatory research as biomarkers for iTBS mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novelty, Category and Orientation Tuning for Printed Characters: A Magnetoencephalography Study with Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation.","authors":"Ekaterina Kochetkova, Daria Kostanian, Olga Martynova, Olga Sysoeva","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01200-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-026-01200-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Letter recognition is assumed to involve several levels of analysis, including coarse tuning for category and novelty and more fine tuning for specific features, related to letter orientation. We employed an oddball fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) paradigm with magnetoencephalography (Elekta VectorView, 306 sensors) to study neural discrimination responses in the source space. Using contrasts between native and foreign letters, digits, or inverted native letters, we aimed to isolate the neural responses to visual novelty, category, and orientation during character analysis. The study was conducted with a cohort of 25 adults. The response topography demonstrated bilateral organization, including language-related brain regions such as the ventral occipitotemporal cortex, inferior parietal cortex, and middle temporal areas. Comparing conditions, we revealed right lateralized parietal clusters, associated with novelty tuning, and left lateralized occipitotemporal clusters exhibiting higher activity for letters among digits discrimination, supporting the role of this area in letter processing. No distinct spatial patterns specific to orientation tuning were observed in comparison to novelty and category tuning. We propose that expertise-dependent orientation-specific tuning mechanisms may operate within an embedded neural framework that spatially overlaps with coarse tuning systems, but are characterized by specific spatiotemporal patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrophysiological Evaluation of Mirrored Hand Movements in Virtual Reality: A Proof of Concept for Virtual Mirror Therapy.","authors":"Nuh Yilmaz, Mesut Canli, Tamer Demiralp","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01208-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10548-026-01208-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Observing the movement of the affected hand by virtually mirroring the healthy hand's movement has been reported to accelerate motor rehabilitation. To investigate the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms, we recorded electroencephalograms (EEG) of fifteen healthy volunteers, who performed a center-out reaching task with their non-dominant hand while they saw the avatars of either the moving or the mirrored hand in an immersive virtual reality (VR) environment. The event-related potentials (ERP) and oscillations (ERO) time-locked to either the stimulus-cued initiation (sReach) or the finishing time point of the reaching trial (fReach) were compared between the direct and mirrored conditions. In sReach, a P3 wave was observed with larger amplitude on the motor areas controlling the mirrored hand (p = 0.01), while the amplitude of a negative potential shift preceding fReach time point, the reaching-related negativity (RRN), was also larger in the mirrored condition (p = 0.009). Finally, EROs in the theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands significantly differed between the two conditions (all p < 0.05) with scalp topographies pointing to either the activation of the motor areas controlling the mirrored hand or visuo-spatial attention system due to the incongruent visuomotor feedback in immersive VR. The results provide electrophysiological evidence for adaptive control processes underlying mirror therapy and extend classical models of movement-related EEG signals, offering a mechanistic bridge between virtual feedback and functional neurorehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bifocal Beta-frequency Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Enhances Somatosensory Spatial Discrimination.","authors":"Ryoki Sasaki, Sho Kojima, Taiga Hiraga, Naoki Kodama, Hiroshi Shirozu, Hideaki Onishi","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01206-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-026-01206-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Towards Network-Based Neurofeedback of Visual Areas to Enhance Visual Perception.","authors":"Despina Zlatkova, Stephan M Gerber, Branislav Savic, Tobias Nef, Adrian G Guggisberg, Marija Uscumlic","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01197-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-026-01197-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstate Dynamics of Focused Attention Meditation.","authors":"Chuong Ngo, Erkin Bek, Monika Stasytytė, Lionel A Newman, Rodrigo Elizalde, Amit Kanthi, N K Manjunath, Christoph M Michel","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01199-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10548-026-01199-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Focused-attention meditation provides a tractable model for examining how large-scale brain dynamics support attention and self-regulation. Using high-density EEG microstate analysis, we investigated how focused-attention meditation on the breath (Ānāpānasati) modulates intrinsic brain activity in 22 experienced practitioners, compared with baseline rest and deliberate mental imagery. Five canonical microstate classes (A-E) were identified. Meditation produced a robust reduction of Microstate C across coverage, duration, and occurrence, accompanied by increased presence of Microstates D and E (all Microstate x Condition interactions p < 0.0001). Source localization revealed that Microstate C was generated primarily in medial and lateral temporal regions including the hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex, whereas Microstate D involved posterior midline regions including the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus, and Microstate E engaged frontoparietal and orbitolimbic networks. Together, these results indicate that focused-attention meditation reorganizes the temporal architecture of large-scale brain dynamics by downregulating microstate patterns associated with self-referential and memory-based processing while enhancing neural states supporting attentional stability and internal monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conductivity Deviations as Virtual Sources in Magnetoencephalography.","authors":"Seppo P Ahlfors, Seok Lew, Matti S Hämäläinen, Risto J Ilmoniemi, Yoshio Okada","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01192-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10548-026-01192-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a method to study electrical activity in the brain. MEG signals are modeled by primary currents, which represent neuronal activity, and associated passive volume currents, which depend on the conductivity distribution within the body. The effect of conductivity inhomogeneities can be described as if additional virtual source currents were present. Virtual sources help to understand conductivity effects independently from the sensor array properties. The Volume Current Formulation (VCF) of the virtual sources focuses on altered patterns of volume currents, whereas in the Secondary Current Formulation (SCF) the virtual sources are at locations where conductivity changes. We derived and compared these formulations for deviations from a reference conductivity distribution. In VCF, the virtual sources are located only where the conductivity deviation is non-zero, but their orientation and magnitude depend on the local electric field. In contrast, in SCF, both the location and the orientation of the virtual sources are determined by the conductivity distribution, typically by the anatomical tissue boundaries. In SCF, however, all conductivity boundaries, including those in the reference distribution, generally need to be considered. For spherically symmetric reference conductivity, in VCF the radial component of a virtual source does not contribute to any component of the magnetic field, whereas in SCF the radial component of a virtual source does not contribute to the radial component but contributes to the tangential components of the magnetic field. Complementary descriptions using VCF and SCF were illustrated in a model for fontanels in infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Structural Brain Connectivity in Postherpetic Neuralgia and its Association with Neuropathic Pain Severity: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.","authors":"Daeseok Oh, Dong Ah Lee, Ho-Joon Lee, Soon Ho Cheong, Sang Eun Lee, Kang Min Park","doi":"10.1007/s10548-026-01204-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10548-026-01204-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Topography","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}