Brazilian Journal of Biology最新文献

{"title":"Productive performance and quality of blueberry fruits subjected to rejuvenation pruning.","authors":"I R Holz, L O Fischer, A R Bergmann, F G Herter, M S Pasa, P C Mello-Farias","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of rejuvenating pruning of blueberry cultivars Bluegem and Powderblue in relation to fruit production and quality parameters. The experiment was carried out in a commercial orchard established in 2004 in the Municipality of Morro Redondo/RS, Brazil. The bushes were spaced 3.0x1.0 m apart. The treatments consisted of: no pruning, conventional pruning (homemade), moderate pruning (suppression of 50% of canes with a diameter greater than 50mm) and drastic pruning (suppression of 100% of canes with a diameter greater than 50mm). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 2x4 factorial arrangement, with two cultivars and four pruning managements, with four replications. The production parameters and physical-chemical quality were evaluated in two production cycles and the characterization of shoots was carried out in the last cycle. It was observed that the absence of pruning in Bluegem reduces the quantity of buds per shoot. Furthermore, there was no difference in production in the second year of evaluation. Drastic pruning also increases the weight and size of the fruits of the Bluegem and Powderblue cultivars in the first year.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of selected nutrients in Pereskia species.","authors":"J D Lima, R F Menegazzo, M F Silva, M P S B Barbosa, A R Schuelter, E Jacomassi, G J Silva","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.290533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.290533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This investigation undertakes a comparative quantitative assessment of the macronutrient and micronutrient profiles of Pereskia grandifolia (Haworth) and Pereskia aculeata (Miller), commonly known as Ora-pro-nóbis, categorized as Non-Conventional Food Plants (NCFPs), juxtaposing these profiles against established food crops. Quantitative analysis revealed that both Pereskia species exhibit elevated concentrations of micronutrients such as iron and zinc, surpassing those of Phaseolus vulgaris (Linnaeus) and Lens culinaris (Linnaeus). Specifically, solubilized zinc levels in P. aculeata (13.6 mg/100g) and P. grandifolia (13.9 mg/100g) exceed those of lentils (7.5 mg/100g) and beets (3.7 mg/100g). Similarly, solubilized iron levels in P. grandifolia (12.4 mg/100g) and P. aculeata (10.5 mg/100g) surpass those of lentils (3.0 mg/100g) and beets (3.8 mg/100g). However, phytate levels are comparatively lower in the Pereskia species, with P. grandifolia demonstrating reduced concentrations at 1500 mg/kg, alongside significant preponderance in protein (20.8 g/100g) and nitrogen (14.6 g/100g). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied, demonstrating a strong associative propensity of iron, zinc, and protein with the Pereskia genus. In contrast, Pearson's correlation coefficients elucidated a complex interdependency among the nutrient variables, except for an inverse correlation between phytate concentration and both iron and protein levels. In conclusion, this research sheds light on the enriched nutritional profiles of P. grandifolia and P. aculeata, emphasizing their potential as valuable dietary resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e290533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irisin and its role in the reproductive physiology: a review.","authors":"F L Alves, S D Martins, M A F Oliveira, V R Araújo","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Irisin is a recently discovered hormone produced in various tissues, such as adipose, cardiac, and skeletal muscle tissues. This myokine originates from the cleavage of a protein, FNDC5, and its synthesis and secretion are stimulated in response to skeletal muscle contraction. Recently, our group demonstrated that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved follicular development in Wistar rats, possibly through increased mRNA expression for the irisin precursor, the FNDC5 gene. Thus, this study aimed to consolidate topics relevant to the relationship between irisin and fertility in both sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291896"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception and knowledge of organic farmers about pests and natural enemies.","authors":"P L P Teixeira, F A Spagnuolo, J M Ferreira, T S Telles","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Knowledge about pests is essential for agriculture, as they can cause significant damage to crops. However, it is equally important to understand the natural enemies that assist farmers in controlling pest insect populations, thereby reducing the need for inputs and promoting production sustainability. The ability to recognize and identify natural enemies is even more relevant for producers who employ environmentally friendly and agroecological-based management techniques, such as biological pest control. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of organic and agroecological transition farmers in northern Paraná, Brazil, regarding the identification of pests and natural enemies, aiming to understand how the socioeconomic profile of the respondents influences their understanding of the ecological relationships between insects in the agroecosystem. To this end, a survey-type research was conducted in which 41 organic or agroecological transition farmers were interviewed in person. Farmers, in general, were able to recognize and identify pests in their crops however, they did not achieve the same success regarding natural enemies, highlighting their lack of awareness of the ecological role of this group of insects in the context of integrated pest management. It was observed that the species with the highest identification accuracies were: Aphis gossypii (100%), Bemisia tabaci (100%), Tuta absoluta (97.6%), Frankliniella sp. (95.1%), and Agrotis ípsilon (92.7%), all categorized as pests. On the other hand, the species with the lowest identification accuracies were: Lebia concinna (53.7%), Callida sp. (53.7%), Allograpta sp. (36.6%), Orius spp. (19.5%), and the bug from the Reduviidae family (17.1%), all belonging to the natural enemies group. It is evident that technical assistance and rural extension actions should focus on training and educating farmers dedicated to organic production about biological control management through the conservation and creation of habitats for natural enemies on their properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported post-vaccination side effects of each of the three rounds of COVID-19 vaccinations: the case in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"H Al-Muzafar, S El-Ashker, S Bah, N Mousa, K Motawei, R A Aldahhan, F Alawad, M Al-Hariri","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.289927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.289927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to investigate the systemic short-term post-COVID-19 vaccine adverse events between three rounds of vaccination in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, to compare the incidence of these side effects between the three vaccine rounds. The present study was a prospective survey-based cross-sectional, conducted during the period of 1/4/2022 to 30/6/2022. The study has recruited all staff and students who have been vaccinated with all three doses of COVID-19 in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. The survey included three sections; The first section was participants' characteristics; The second section was a self-reported survey on 32 prespecified side effects; and the third section was data related to the type of COVID-19 vaccine. A total of 582 cases were analysed for the study. overall, most respondents were reporting no side effects across the three COVID-19 vaccine rounds. Meanwhile, eight side effect variables (fever, chills, fatigue, skipped meals, headache, nausea, sore throat and low mood) appear to be more manifested among the study sample to a small extent. However, these side effects are usually mild. When each side effect was further evaluated during the three rounds of protocol, sore throat had the highest median rating at the first round of vaccination. The result found that only the male gender was a significant negative predictor of the side effects after vaccine rounds. Our results indicated that the COVID-19 vaccine is well tolerated, and safe, most post-vaccination adverse effects in the three rounds are, generally mild in severity and rare with a lower frequency and number of reported side effects in males. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship between the possible health risk factors and COVID-19 side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e289927"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the dry matter and essential nutrient accumulation of maize (Zea mays L.) in the main phenophases.","authors":"I Balaout, C Bojtor, A Illés, A Zelenák, A Ocwa, A Széles","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.290013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.290013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing and maintaining maize yield to feed the growing population faces challenges due climate change limitations and soil degradation. Knowledge of nutrient dynamics particularly at critical stages of plant growth and development is crucial for effective fertilization decisions. The experiment was carried out in 2022 at the Látókép Crop Production Experimental Site of the University of Debrecen, Hungary. The aim was to evaluate the dynamics of nutrient accumulation in maize at six different phenological stages. After collecting the test plants and dividing them into various parts, average dry matter and nutrient concentrations were determined. Results demonstrated that the plant parts absorbed nutrients differently at each growth stage. Most of the nutrients accumulated in grains during the post-silking stage were primarily redirected from the vegetative organs. Only N, P, Mg, S, and Zn contributed significantly to the grain's mineral content. The maximum dry matter accumulation was 23784.4 kg*ha-1. Nutrient accumulation was in the order of K > N > P > Ca > Mg > S > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > B. This research emphasizes the importance of improving our understanding of nutritional crop requirements and their distribution in maize plants during developmental phenophases for optimal maize yield and quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e290013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of new complex fertilizers to increase the yield and quality of flax products.","authors":"O A Zharkikh, I I Dmitrevskaya, I I Seregina","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.287276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.287276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flax occupies an important place in the world food supply as an oil and fiber crop of general and multi-purpose use. It should be noted that modern agriculture uses varieties of flax with high productivity and resistance to stress conditions. Modern varieties of flax respond well to soil fertility, are drought-resistant, technologically advanced and reliable, and are adapted in many countries of the world and are grown on all continents. According to FAO, flax crops annually in the world amount to more than 8 million hectares of flax. The main types of products obtained from growing flax are seeds and fiber. For many centuries, fiber flax was grown to obtain fiber, and oil flax to obtain seeds and oil. Flax growing is a specific branch of plant growing, in which the production process can be divided into two production cycles: the first is growing and harvesting flax, the second is processing of raw materials. Analysis of the results by stages of production is carried out taking into account the quality of flax products. Quality control of the resulting products is an important criterion for deciding on their further use in production for the manufacture of various goods for the population. High-quality flax fiber should contain 75-80% cellulose, no more than 4-5% lignin, low content of pectin substances. Flaxseed is of great importance in the global food industry as a functional food product. The value of flax seeds is determined by their high content of fats, polyunsaturated fatty acids and proteins. Modern technologies for growing agricultural crops involve the use of new complex fertilizers that can provide plants with essential nutrients - macro- and microelements - during the growing season. The aim of the research was to study the effect of two new complex fertilizers: Complex-Zn and Complex-Extra on the yield and quality of products of two varieties of fiber flax. Research methodology. The studies were conducted over 3 years in field conditions. The varieties of fiber flax Dobrynya and Pamyati Krepkova were studied in the experiments. Flax plants were treated with the studied complex fertilizers during the onset of the formation phase of the first pair of true leaves until the formation of 5-6 pairs of true leaves. The effect of the studied fertilizers on changes in morphological characteristics and plant growth indicators, as well as on yield, was studied. After harvesting, the content of lipids and protein in flax seeds was determined by near infrared spectroscopy. The content of cellulose, lignin, pectin substances and ash in flax fiber was determined. Main research results. In our studies, the use of complex fertilizers containing macro- and microelements contributed to the improvement of plant growth and development, increased yield and quality of flax products by the end of the growing season.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e287276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dehydration of Byrsonima cydoniifolia A. Juss. (Canjiqueira): influence of process variables on piceatannol retention.","authors":"V S Oliveira, J R Donadon, R C A Guimarães, W H Kato Junior, T O Anastácio, L M Silva, P O Figueiredo, C A L Cardoso, D Bogo, V A Nascimento, K C Freitas, P A Hiane","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.292381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the retention of piceatannol and the cytotoxicity of Byrsonima cydoniifolia A. Juss. pulp, both fresh and dehydrated, under different temperature and storage conditions. Fruits were collected in the Pantanal region (Corumbá, MS, Brazil) and dehydrated using a conventional oven at varying temperatures. Cytotoxicity was assessed using Artemia salina, murine fibroblasts, and human umbilical cord cell lines. The fresh extract showed a CL50 of 863.23 mg·L-1, classified as \"low toxicity,\" whereas samples dehydrated at 80 °C and 40 °C showed CL50 values of 235.28 mg·L-1 and 153.31 mg·L-1, respectively, classified as \"toxic.\" Despite dehydration, the fruit retained bioactive compounds, including piceatannol. After storage, the dehydrated sample maintained 71.33% of its antioxidant potential, with piceatannol, tannins, and flavonoids contents of 0.73 mg/g, 36.53 mg/g, and 25.53 mg/g, respectively. The findings support dehydration as an effective preservation method and highlight the potential functional use and valorization of native plant species.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agromorphological analysis of yellow passion fruit cultivars in Boyacá: basis for the selection of promising materials.","authors":"A C Morillo, E Manjarres, P J González, M F Londoño","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa, commonly known as yellow passion fruit, is a tropical species of great economic and nutritional value due to its high content of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds. Although work has been done in Colombia to identify and characterize the germplasm of this species, there is still no improved genetic material adapted to the main producing municipalities. The objective of this study was to agromorphologically characterize yellow passion fruit cultivars in Miraflores, Boyacá, to identify promising genotypes using 20 qualitative and 26 quantitative descriptors evaluated in leaf, stem, flower, and fruit. Descriptive, multivariate, cluster, and mixed analyses were performed. A selection index was used to identify superior genotypes. The results showed that fruit weight had the highest coefficient of variation (65.60%), followed by petal length (45.67%). Positive and significant correlations were observed between peel weight, peel thickness, and equatorial and longitudinal fruit diameters, as well as between pulp weight, juice weight, and seed number. High phenotypic segregation was found for the traits of fruit color, shape, and the presence of pigments. Mixed multivariate analyses showed that fruit-associated characteristics, such as the presence or absence of pigments, contribute most to the observed variation. The selection index allowed the selection of cultivars 17 (241.19 g) and 18 (239.50 g) as promising genotypes within genetic improvement programs for the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293833"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of seed size on drought tolerance in Eugenia uniflora L. seedlings.","authors":"N A M Barella, C Barbeiro, R G O Guerreiro, A F Santos, T M Silva, L A Souza, L H Pastorini","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.292040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought events have become more intense and frequent in tropical ecosystems, which can limit plant growth and development, as well as the germination and recruitment of tree species. The variation in seed size may give plants advantages in the establishment in an environment and greater tolerance to environmental stress. Eugenia uniflora L. is a species found in different Brazilian biomes, such as Atlantic Forest and Pampa, and has high survival capacity in degraded areas and in various environmental conditions. To analyze the effect of seed size on the emergence capacity and drought response of E. uniflora seedlings, seeds were separated into two classes according to size and later analyzed for emergence, growth variables, soluble carbohydrate content, and anatomical changes of plants under drought settings. Analysis of the results showed that seed size and drought affected most growth parameters, in which drought caused a reduction in the number of leaves, fresh leaf mass, fresh stem mass and fresh root mass, and collar diameter. Drought also induces a larger diameter of the central cylinder in the root of plants originating from large seeds and a smaller thickness of the cortical parenchyma of the root of plants originating from small seeds. The content of soluble carbohydrates was reduced in the roots of plants under drought compared to the control, and there was also a blockage in sap transport in plants under drought. The results obtained show that water stress caused by drought reduced the growth and anatomical characteristics of root; however, plants from large seeds had greater leaf mass, fresh stem mass, root dry mass, and total dry mass, and higher shoot/root dry mass ratio. Thus, seed size influenced the performance of E. uniflora seedlings, both under drought and in the control setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}