Brazilian Journal of Biology最新文献

{"title":"Intestinal parasitic infections: risk factors and zoonotic aspects in human and dog populations of a rural area of Piaui State, Brazil.","authors":"J Silva, K J L Monteiro, O B Lima, M L A da Silva, M M Almeida, B B C Evangelista, R S Pinheiro, D N Leal, E L N C Carneiro, J C P Bordignon, L A Pereira, M F L Alencar, F A Carvalho-Costa, A H A Moraes Neto","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.290197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.290197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal Parasitic Infections (IPIs) are prevalent in vulnerable populations, yet zoonotic transmission is underreported. This study analyzed, under the One Health approach, the prevalence of and risk factors for IPIs among humans and dogs in a rural region of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. A total of 361 human fecal samples, 23 household dog fecal samples and 81 dog fecal samples collected from public roads were analyzed using the Lutz, Baermann and Kato-Katz methods. Anthropometric measurements, haemoglobin levels in children aged 5 to 14 and a survey of cases of cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) were also analyzed. The height and weight of these individuals were used to calculate Z-scores for height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ). Associations between parasites and risk factors were assessed using Pearson's chi-square test, Student's t-test and logistic regression. The results showed that 47,9% (173/361) of the residents were parasitized, being 42,9% (155/361) by protozoa and 9,4% (34/361) by helminths. The most common pathogenic protozoa were Giardia duodenalis (8.3%; 30/361) and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (5.3%, 19/361), while the most pathogenic helminths were Ascaris lumbricoides (6.6%, 24/361) and hookworms (4.7%, 17/361). Analysis of nutritional status revealed that 3.1% of children and adolescents had short stature (HAZ<-2), 7.3% had low weight (WAZ<-2) and 21.9% had anemia (hemoglobin <11.5g/dL). Mean HAZ was significantly lower in children with ascariasis (-1.16±0.24 vs. -0.34±0.10; p=0.008) and hookworm (-1.28±0.33 vs. -0.39±0.09; p=0.041). Hookworms were the most frequent parasites in dog feces (62.5%, 65/104). Infections by Toxocara spp. and Trichuris spp. were observed in dogs, with 3.8% of the samples presenting mixed infections. Cases of CLM were identified (n=45/361), with 62.2% of the cases in children (2 to 9 years) and a predominance for males (68.8%). These data highlight the intersections between IPIs in humans and dogs and reinforce the need for intersectoral and integrated health promotion measures. The adoption of the One Health approach could strengthen surveillance and prevention of zoonoses and contribute to public policies aimed at improving the quality of life in vulnerable areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e290197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term safety evaluation of doum fruit (Hyphaene thebaica L.) aqueous extract on the female reproductive parameters, fetal formations and mutagenic potential.","authors":"I M El-Ashmawy, A E Bayad, A S Soliman, W Al Abdulmonem, A S M Aljohani","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.289627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.289627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have been reported about the distinct activity of the doum fruits as hypotensive, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidants and hypolipidemic. This study evaluated the safety of the aqueous extract of doum fruits (Hyphaene thebaica L.) on the female reproductive parameters, fetal formations, and normal chromosomes. Acute toxicity studies (LD50 values) were evaluated in mice. Single doses of the tested material were given orally, and abnormal behavioral changes were firm through 14- day observation period. The reproductive parameters (no. of pregnancy survival, corpora lutea, implantations, and resorptions and weight at birth), fetal formations (external, skeletal, and visceral) and the normal chromosomes were also investigated. Toleration and absence of mortality or morbidity were observed among animals treated with the decoction of doum fruits until the dose of 5 g/kg of body weight (b. w). Also, repetitive oral treatment of doum fruits to pregnant mice, rabbits and rats at 3 g/kg b. w was not effective on the female reproductive parameters, fetal formations, and the chromosomes (chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei). The doum fruit under test may be of value in treatment of various health problems, with no side effects on the female reproductive parameters, fetal formations and chromosomes have been reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e289627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nymph developmental time and survivorship, adult body weight, and adult damage of Nezara viridula (L.) feeding on canola seeds at different stages of maturation.","authors":"A L Marsaro Júnior, T Lucini, E D Bergamin, A R Panizzi, B G Laviola","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.289758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.289758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated nymph developmental time and survivorship, adult body weight, and the impact of the southern green stink bug Nezara viridula (L.) on seeds of canola at different stages of maturation. Tests were conducted under controlled conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 10% relative humidity, and L14:D10 h photoperiod) in the laboratory using rearing cages. Treatments were set at random and statistically analyzed using program 'R'. Results indicated that total nymph developmental time was significantly longer on green seed stage and early maturation seeds compared to advanced maturation seeds. Survivorship was high on all three food sources (≥80%). Adults exhibited significantly higher fresh body weight when fed on advanced maturation seeds compared to those fed on green stage or early maturation seeds. Adult feeding caused significant seed damage and dry weight loss across all seed stages, with green stage seeds experiencing the highest levels of damage and dry weight loss. Early maturation seeds and advanced maturation seeds showed no significant difference between them. These information reveal that N. viridula feeds and cause damage to canola seeds and may help to improve management of this pest in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e289758"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the anticancer potential of Costus speciosus: a comprehensive review.","authors":"I S Al-Dhuayan, M M Alnamshan, A I Alqosaibi, R ElMazoudy, A A Al-Eidan, F M Alkhulaifi, N F AlAhmady, N A Alenezi, M M Almustafa, S S Al-Dossari","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.294310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.294310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Costus speciosus is a medicinal plant with a long history in Indian Ayurvedic medicine, recognized for its diverse bioactive properties, including antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects. This review highlights its therapeutic potential, particularly in cancer treatment, where its bioactive compounds exhibit cytotoxic effects against breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers. These compounds have shown the ability to induce apoptosis, regulate the cell cycle, and inhibit cancer progression, offering a promising alternative to conventional chemotherapy with potentially fewer side effects. Additionally, C. speciosus demonstrates antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic properties, expanding its clinical applications. Despite its promising pharmacological profile, further research is required to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects and ensure the safety and efficacy of its various extracts for therapeutic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e294310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Trichoderma spp. in mitigating water deficiency and promoting Eucalyptus urophylla growth.","authors":"N L S Mesquita, Q S de Novaes, P P S Soares, R A A Bonfim, E M da Silva, N D Brito, A R São José, D S O Coqueiro","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichoderma spp. induce physiological and biochemical changes in plants, potentially enhancing growth and mitigating water deficit effects. This study evaluated morphophysiological parameters, water status indicators, gas exchange, and biochemical and metabolic responses of Eucalyptus urophylla under different water regimes and inoculation with T. asperellum and T. harzianum, as well as their impact on early field growth. A greenhouse experiment followed a 3 × 2 factorial design: three inoculation treatments (T. asperellum [TA], T. harzianum [TH], and control [C]) and two water regimes-water deficit (30% pot capacity) and well-irrigated (90% pot capacity). Morphophysiological traits, water status, gas exchange, and metabolic parameters were assessed. Additionally, three independent field experiments tested inoculation effects, with 250 seedlings per treatment planted at 2.5 × 3.5 m spacing. The effective experimental area comprised 60 central plots per treatment. Plant height, leaf number, and stem diameter were measured at 90 days post-transplant, while photosynthetic pigments, sugars (total, reducing, and soluble), starch, and proline were analyzed at 270 days. Water deficit reduced plant growth, leaf water potential, relative water content, and gas exchange while increasing thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and hydrogen peroxide levels. Inoculation with T. asperellum and T. harzianum did not alleviate water deficit-induced growth reduction. However, regardless of the water regime, inoculation enhanced photosynthetic activity, water-use efficiency, and soluble sugarsand amino acid accumulation. Under field conditions, inoculated plants exhibited greater height, stem diameter, and leaf number but lower reducing sugars, soluble sugars, and starch levels compared to control plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes for cultivar registration and protection.","authors":"A P L Costa, A C R Moitinho, A P Silva, L O Amaral, J S Souza, S H Unêda-Trevisoli","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.286817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.286817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the challenges for genetic and plant breeding is the selection of genotypes that are increasingly adapted, productive, and stable to the cultivation environments, without losing the desired agronomic traits. These evaluations are important for determining the ideal genotypes for each environment. Without these evaluations, the behavior of cultivars or genotypes cannot be predicted, affecting performance, and causing losses for farmers. This work aimed to characterize, by different methodologies, the agronomic performance, adaptability, and stability of soybean genotypes in a preliminary trial, to select the superior genotypes, aiming at the Registration and Protection of Cultivars. The experiment was conducted in the field in a randomized block design with two replications, where 50 soybean genotypes were evaluated, including 3 checks, during two agricultural, two different environments. Agronomic traits were evaluated: number of days to maturity, number of days to flowering, plant height at maturity, the weight of a thousand grains, lodging, oil content, and grain yield. To determine the adaptability and productive stability of the genotypes, GGE biplot multivariate prediction methodologies and REML/BLUP mixed models were used and compared, using the main agronomic traits of production and oil content, which are of industrial importance in human and animal nutrition. The methods of the analysis showed differences regarding the ordering of adaptability and stability, however, they were unanimous in considering the genotypes as superior: 24; 29; 30; 32; 34, and 42 for yield and 4; 17; 37, and 44 for oil content. The predominant pedigree of the selected genotypes consists of bi-parental crosses, except genotype 24, which comes from a quadruple cross.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e286817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing runs of homozygosity reveals production traits of Kazakh sheep breeds.","authors":"A Khamzina, D Smagulov, K Dossybayev, J Kantanen, K Khamzin","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.292980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sheep breeding in Kazakhstan is one of the main local roles in animal husbandry. This article presents the results of a study of the genetic indicators of sheep breeds in Kazakhstan, in relation to their meat and wool productivity. Genetic analysis was carried out using the ROH (runs of homozygosity) method and candidate genes for various kinds of productivity traits were identified. The lowest mean genomic inbreeding coefficient values were observed in the Kazakh fine-wool breed and the Edilbay breed (FROH = 0.039 and FROH = 0.037). The highest values of inbreeding coefficient were in the Saryarka breed (FROH = 0.043), the Akzhaiyk breed (FROH = 0.044), and the Kazakh semi-coarse breed (FROH = 0.040). Since all these breeds possess the phenotypic traits for good meat constitution, the MSTN gene on the registered ROH islands has been identified and was found in all five breeds. In addition, genes affecting meat yield, adaptive traits, reproductive systems, immune systems, average daily weight gain, percentage of carcass fat, and third lumbar fat were observed within the recorded ROH islands using the Sheep QTL database. The results from the study of five breeds of sheep presented in the article are relevant (depending on the desired productivity traits) and have practical significance since only constitutionally strong animals, without exterior flaws and with high resistance to existing environmental factors, are able to produce higher yields and provide profitability to the sheep industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292980"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors regulating the distribution and abundance of estuarine bivalves in a hypersaline ecosystem of the Brazilian semi-arid region.","authors":"I A Olivera, I X Martins, N C F M Dantas, E J Silva, L M S Nunes, L Brito, C A Rocha-Barreira","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.289159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.289159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to analyze factors that regulate the spatial-temporal distribution of Anomalocardia flexuosa (Linnaeus, 1767) in a hypersaline estuary on the coast of the Brazilian semiarid region. From November 2015 to October 2017, rainfall data were consulted and samples of biological material and sediment for granulometric analysis were collected, and abiotic parameters (salinity and temperature) were measured in 3 different areas (A, B, C) of the Apodi/Mossoró estuary. Salinity showed an inverted decreasing pattern within the estuary, with the highest values ​​recorded in A. The granulometric characterization differed between areas and showed a higher percentage of silt and clay in area B and a higher percentage of sand in area C. The density of A. flexuosa differed between areas, with A always showing the highest values, recording up to 4,728 ind/m2, and C the lowest, with an average of 370 ind/m2. Significant differences in density were observed between transects in areas A and B. The abiotic variables temperature and percentage of sand in the sediment showed negative correlations with the density of A. flexuosa, and salinity, silt+clay and precipitation showed positive correlations. Hypersalinity did not limit the distribution and abundance of the species, and rainfall regulated temporal variations. Competition for space with a meadow of Halodule wrightii, located in C, restricted the establishment and density of A. flexuosa. Intraspecific competition was also important for adjustments in the abundance of juveniles and adults. Therefore, the species presents broad tolerance to variations in several abiotic factors, however, biotic factors, such as competition, may be influencing the structure of this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e289159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic polymorphisms of LOC101800257 gene and its relationship with egg characteristics in Kerinci ducks (Anas Platyrhynchos).","authors":"Gushairiyanto, W P B Putra, R S Harahap, E Wiyanto, H Ediyanto, M G Ramadhan, Depison","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Kerinci duck is a breed native of Jambi Province in Indonesia, is noteworthy for its various eggshell color. This study's primary objective was to explore the connection between genetic variations in the LOC101800257 gene and the eggshell color and egg weight of Kerinci ducks. For this investigation, a total of 46 Kerinci ducks were utilized for identification of the LOC101800257 gene polymorphisms using Sequencing analysis. The association between the LOC101800257 gene polymorphisms with the eggshell color and egg weight were analyzed using General Linear Model analysis. The research findings revealed the presence of two mutation sites, namely g.13993R (intron 11) and c.15504R / p.I435V (exon 9), within the LOC101800257 gene of Kerinci ducks. These mutations exhibited high genetic diversity, characterized by high values of polymorphic informative content (PIC) and nucleotide diversity (Nd), both exceeding 0.30 and 2.00, respectively. Furthermore, both mutation sites displayed a significant association (P<0.05) with the GG genotype which had a higher effect on egg weight. However, it is essential to note that these genetic variations in the LOC101800257 gene were not found to serve as genetic markers for eggshell color in Kerinci ducks. The LOC101800257 gene can be employed as a genetic marker in molecular selection processes to enhance the egg weight of Kerinci ducks.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of conservation for the provision of ecosystem services in flood control.","authors":"M R S Teixeira, E A T Matricardi, J S R Pires","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292248","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.292248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change exacerbates natural disasters, primarily driven by environmental degradation, which leads to the reduction of available ecosystem services (ES). In this context, a comparative analysis of land use and land cover (LULC) and hydrological significance (HS) over a 30-year period was conducted to assess the loss of services in the Cubatão River Basin - SC, focusing on flood control. A matrix-based calculation was employed, integrating slope, transmissivity, soil texture, land use and cover, and the topographic wetness index to determine the hydrological significance of the study area. The urban area doubled in size (1992: 7.82% - 2022: 15.53%), while natural areas decreased by 5.3%. These natural areas, which still comprise over 50% of the territory, exhibit \"Good\" hydrological significance, covering nearly 40% of the total area and providing more than 15 ES. However, despite this favorable hydrological condition, the southern bay of Florianópolis suffered losses exceeding BRL 40 million in natural disasters of climatic and hydrological origin, in 2008. These findings highlight that, even with adequate hydrological performance, flooding events remain a threat. Thus, urban expansion planning, guided by municipal master plans that evaluate ES and the conservation of key areas for flood control, is essential to ensure social, economic, and environmental security.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}