Brazilian Journal of Biology最新文献

{"title":"Influence of the type of breed and line of agricultural poultry on the morphological composition of eggs.","authors":"G Temirbekova, A Dymkov, M Sagimbaeva, A Ramazanov, R Sharipov","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.303434","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.303434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents, for the first time, the results of differentiating chickens, quails, turkeys, and ducks based on the morphological characteristics of their eggs and establishes the influence of species, breed, and line affiliation on egg morphological parameters. The process of agglomeration of breeds and lines of birds occurred within species affiliation, which in turn was influenced by differences in the morphological structure of eggs caused by the direction of selection. In quails and ducks, the grouping of breeds and lines occurred more rapidly than in chickens and turkeys, which is due to the intensity of selection for desirable traits. Species affiliation determined the differences in the relative weights of the shell, albumen, and yolk (η2 = 0.420-0.467, p = 0.000), as well as the relative weights of the outer liquid and dense layers of the albumen (η2_ROLLA = 0.399 and η2_RODLA = 0.351, p = 0.000). Although quails and ducks were similar in the relative weight of albumen, they exhibited differences in its structural characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e303434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth modeling in diameter and height at individual tree level for seasonal semi-deciduous forest.","authors":"L T M Figueiredo, C P B Soares, H G Leite, A L Souza, G F Silva, C M M E Torres, R V O Castro","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.301052","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.301052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare two methodologies for estimating diameter at breast height (dbh) and total height at the individual tree level over time: (i) direct projection of future tree diameter and height (dbh2 and Ht2) and (ii) projection of the annual periodic increment in diameter (APId) and height (APIHt), which, when added to the initial values, provide estimates of future dbh and height. The data were obtained from 10 permanent plots installed in a seasonal semi-deciduous forest fragment located in the municipality of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, monitored over a 14-year period with measurements conducted in 1994, 1997, 2000, 2004, and 2008. The dataset was randomly divided into two subsets, with six plots used for model fitting and four plots for validation. The results indicated that equations based on the direct projection of future diameter and height provided a better fit to the observed data than those based on estimating annual periodic increments and subsequently reconstructing the state variables. In the validation process, both methodologies showed satisfactory performance, with a slight superiority for the approach based on the projection of annual periodic increments.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e301052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic and adsorbent viability of aflatoxin B1 by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae A8L3 isolated from fish farming environment.","authors":"E J R Santos, J F Sousa-Junior, M P D Lima, M C S Muratori","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.302330","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.302330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the increasing demand for sustainable alternatives to antibiotics in aquaculture, the selection of indigenous probiotics with multi-functional properties is essential for improving fish health and food safety. This research aimed to evaluate the probiotic potential and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) adsorption capacity of the yeast strain S. cerevisiae A8L3, isolated from a fish farm environment. The isolate, belonging to the NUEPPA culture collection, was subjected to in vitro assays to determine its autoaggregation and co-aggregation abilities, antimicrobial activity against pathogens, and tolerance to simulated stomach (pH 2.0) and intestinal (pH 7.0) conditions of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Results indicated that S. cerevisiae A8L3 possesses robust aggregative properties and effective bacterial inhibition for all strains evaluated. Furthermore, the strain demonstrated high viability and the ability to multiply under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. In addition to these probiotic traits, A8L3 showed a significant capacity for AFB1 adsorption. These findings confirm that S. cerevisiae A8L3 meets the essential requirements for inclusion in fish diets. The strain demonstrates significant potential as a dual-action biological agent, capable of enhancing pathogen resistance and mitigating risks associated with mycotoxin-contaminated feed, thus offering a promising strategy for sustainable Nile tilapia farming.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e302330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of salt stress in halophytes on nutritional properties and their use as food additives.","authors":"K Makangali, D Konysbayeva, G Ospankulova, G Tokysheva, S Ermekbayev, M Myrzabayeva, D Aitmukhanbetov, K Dairova","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.303757","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.303757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Halophytes exhibit a broad geographical distribution, and their phytochemical profiling highlights their nutritional relevance, particularly in the context of global food insecurity. Salicornia species, in particular, have been identified as a source of functional nutrients, including dietary fiber, proteins, and essential macronutrients. In this study, Salicornia perennans specimens collected from two distinct regions of Kazakhstan were analyzed using atomic spectrometry, revealing significant inter-populational variation in macronutrient composition among wild-grown samples. Furthermore, the impact of artificially induced chloride salinity at concentrations of 0 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM, and 300 mM was investigated with respect to macronutrient and nutrient accumulation. Data analysis indicated that 300 mM salinity promoted the accumulation of elemental nutrients within plant tissues, despite a concomitant reduction in fresh biomass by up to 13% (p>0.01). Protein content was also found to be salinity-dependent, with sample #1 exhibiting a peak value of 11.03 mg·g-1 fresh weight at the highest salinity level tested. These findings underscore intraspecific variability in nutrient accumulation patterns within Salicornia perennans, reflecting its adaptive plasticity to diverse environmental conditions. The results further support the potential of wild halophytic species as valuable components in food systems, owing to their high nutritional density and resilience under saline stress, making them promising candidates for the development of novel functional food products.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e303757"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of natural dyes from local plants in west Sumatera for the development of sustainable environmentally based ecoprint.","authors":"Yandri Yandri, I Dewata, Heldi Heldi, N Syah, A Razak","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.303018","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.303018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sustainability issues and environmental impacts of synthetic dyes have encouraged increased exploration of environmentally friendly natural dye sources. This study aims to identify the potential of local plants from the highlands of West Sumatra as a source of natural dyes, and to analyze the effect of mordant types on color variation and fastness in cotton fabrics. Ten local plant species were used as sources of natural pigments from leaves and bark. Three types of mordants-alum (KAl(SO4)2•12H2O), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and tunjung (FeSO4•7H2O)-were applied to produce color variations. Fastness tests were conducted using three types of washing agents (Lerak Extract, Soklin Liquid, and Soklin Bleach) and analyzed quantitatively with a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 625 nm. The results showed that the use of mordant significantly affected the intensity and color fastness. Tunjung tends to produce darker colors and has the best resistance for guava leaves (Psidium guajava), while alum is more effective for ambacang (Mangifera foetida) skin. Some materials such as pomegranate peel and guava peel show high resistance without the use of mordant due to their strong natural tannin content. Natural detergent Sari Lerak is proven to be the safest for maintaining color stability compared to commercial chemical detergents. These findings confirm that the highlands of West Sumatra have a potential diversity of flora as a source of sustainable natural dyes. This research provides a scientific basis for the development of environmentally friendly ecoprint technology based on local wisdom and supports the transition towards a sustainable textile industry in Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e303018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-agronomic, molecular characterization, and resistance to pests and diseases of cowpea genotypes in the semi-arid of Brazil.","authors":"L R Diniz, A E O Silva, S F Leite, A M Lima, R Q Zeferino, E D Silva, F S Araújo, A F Monteiro-Filho, J D Fernandes, N H C Arriel, R A Olinda, M D M Oliveira, A S Melo, É B Corrêa","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.298218","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.298218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Semi-arid regions require the use of varieties adapted to local edaphoclimatic conditions. This study aimed to characterize landraces (Verde Ligeiro, Sempre Verde, Cariri, Azul, and Corujinha) and commercial cultivars (BRS-Pajeú, Novaera, and Guariba) of cowpea and evaluate the resistance to pests and diseases of the genotypes in irrigated (Lagoa Seca, PB) and non-irrigated (Esperança, PB) production fields. The genotypes were cultivated in an agroecological system, and morpho-agronomic analyses were performed according to the International Biodiversity descriptors of the species. Molecular characterization was performed by using ISSR markers. Pests and diseases were evaluated during the crop cycle. The genotypes had differences in qualitative characteristics (growth habit, flower color, seed color, seed shape, and mature pod color) and in quantitative characteristics (days to flowering, number of pods, pod length, number of seeds per pod, and yield). In irrigated field, the Corujinha landrace had the highest yield, and Cariri had the lowest. In non-irrigated field, the Sempre Verde landrace was the most productive, and the BRS-Novaera cultivar was the least. The 11 ISSR primers used for molecular characterization of the genotypes generated 123 bands, of which 65% were polymorphic. Intrapopulation genetic diversity was low, but cluster analysis separated the populations into two groups. Differences in the incidence of powdery mildew and cercospora leaf spot were found among the genotypes, as well as differences in pod bug infestation. The BRS-Novaera genotype was the most susceptible to diseases and pests in both irrigated and non-irrigated fields. It is concluded that the most productive genotypes with the lowest intensity of diseases and pests in irrigated fields were the Corujinha, Sempre Verde, and Azul landraces, and the BRS-Pajeú and BRS-Guariba commercial cultivars; and under rainfed conditions, the most adapted cultivar was the Sempre Verde landrace.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e298218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fortunate amelioration of Costus speciosus on phenotypes of letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in female rats.","authors":"R Elmazoudy, A Alqosaibi, M Alnamshan, I Al-Dhuayan, N F AlAhmady, A Alsayyah, H A Alhawaj","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.298520","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.298520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endocrine disruption, infertility, anovulation, impaired cyclicity, and ovarian damage are complications of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Herein, we explore the potential role of Costus speciosus extract in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in female rats. For PCOS induction, letrozole 1.0 mg/kg body weight was given orally for 90 days. Four groups of female rats were randomly assigned. Group 1, the control, was orally administered distilled water. Group 2 received 300 mg/kg Costus speciosus extract for 28 days. Group 3 is the PCOS model. Group 4 PCOS received 300 mg/kg Costus speciosus extract for 28 days. PCOS phenotypes were evaluated, including testosterone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and follicle-stimulating hormone levels. Body and ovarian weights, estrus cyclicity, follicular cysts, and ovarian histopathology were assessed. Compared to controls, letrozole induced a significant increase in body and ovarian weights. In addition, impaired cyclicity, increased testosterone, LH, and FSH levels, and decreased estradiol were observed. Moreover, ovarian damage was evident by many antral follicular arrests and multiple cystic follicles. Neuroendocrine disruption, reproductive deficiency, and ovarian histopathological alterations were alleviated after 28 days of Costus speciosus treatment. Restoring the estrus cyclicity, significant decreases in LH and testosterone levels with increased estradiol concentration were evident after Costus speciosus treatment. Recovery of arrested and cystic follicles was also obvious after Costus speciosus application. Consequently, we suggest that Costus speciosus could be an alleviating agent in PCOS phenotypes. However, Further research should be conducted to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of Costus speciosus or its phytoconstituents per se in the circumstances of PCOS, confirming the present findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e298520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of morphological diversity, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of mutant MV1 shallots treated with gamma irradiation.","authors":"M Marlin, M Simarmata, A Romeida, R Herawati, D W Ganefianti, U Nurjanah, M Faiz Barchia, R Rif'atunidaudina, W Nurcholis","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.303123","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.303123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The importance of this study lies in identifying functional mutants as potential seed sources for shallot cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate morphological diversity, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of MV1 shallot (Allium cepavar.aggregatum) mutants subjected to gamma-ray irradiation. A completely randomized design was used with six gamma irradiation doses (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 Gy), each replicated three times. Field trials were conducted at the Center for Integrated Farming, University of Bengkulu, Indonesia. Gamma irradiation significantly affected A. cepa growth, yield, and biochemical composition, with the LD50 estimated at 125 Gy. Although higher doses reduced most growth parameters, the sprouting percentage declined by only 3%. Gamma doses between 25 and 125 Gy increased bulb number in A. cepa, reaching a maximum of 5.7 bulbs per plant at 100 Gy. The 100 Gy treatment also produced the highest total phenolic content (76.99 mg GAE/100 g DW) and antioxidant activity (2.7653 µmol TE/g DW). Overall, gamma irradiation significantly influenced the morphological traits and metabolic profiles of A. cepa mutants. Notably, the 100 and 125 Gy treatments formed distinct mutant groupings, indicating pronounced morphological and metabolic alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e303123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the necessity of water recycling and reuse of unconventional water in the context of water resources management: a case study of Uzbekistan.","authors":"Sh Teshayev, F Umirqulova, D Abduraimova, S Hashimova, S Nasirova, Z Sharipova, Sh Sarmanov, L Muxtarova, S Sanjarbek, I Matkarimov, J Yuldoshev, S Sullieva, K Zokirov","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.300307","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.300307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water resources management under the circumstances of climate change and increasing pressure on natural resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, has become an urgent problem. Using Uzbekistan as a case study, this paper addresses reclaiming and recycling nonconventional water as a necessity under the paradigm of water resources management. Information was collected in this study through water source sampling, interviewing farmers and local managers, and studying available documents in three provinces of Fergana, Khorezm, and Bukhara. The findings reveal the high potential of nonconventional water resources, including treated wastewater, brackish water, and agricultural drainage, with a total volume of about 1330 million cubic meters per year. Water quality analysis shows that treated urban wastewater is largely within agricultural standards, and saline groundwater requires management and caution due to high salinity and sodium. However, there have been significant social and economic limitations, including farmers' health concerns and high initial investment, in implementing these solutions. Economic comparisons demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of wastewater treatment technologies compared to brackish water desalination. The results of this study stress the need for coordinated government policies, investment in infrastructure, and extension program implementation to overcome bottlenecks and achieve sustainable water management in Uzbekistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e300307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic study and valuation of ethyl acetate extract of Uncaria gambir (W. Hunter) Roxb. as a natural antioxidant against lead acetate-induced free radicals.","authors":"A T Wibowo, Y S W Manuhara, Sugiharto, S Syamsuardi, N Wathoni, A K N Putri, D T Salsabella","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.303070","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.303070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A metabolomic study of Uncaria gambir W. Hunter (Roxb.) was conducted to characterize the bioactive compound profiles present in the roots, stems, leaves, and ethyl acetate extract, while the valuation of its ethyl acetate extract will be carried out through in vivo antioxidant assays against lead acetate-induced free radicals. The metabolomic workflow combined systematic sample preparation, UPLC-MS analysis, and downstream bioinformatic processing. Metabolites were extracted from 50 µg of freeze-dried material using a methanol-water solvent spiked with internal standards. Samples underwent homogenization, ultrasonication, and centrifugation, after which the supernatant was filtered prior to LC-MS injection. In vivo assessment of lead and U. gambir ethyl acetate extract was done to 25 mice were assigned to several treatments: lead acetate alone, or lead acetate combined withU. gambirethyl acetate extract at concentrations of 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, and 300 mg/L for a period of 30 days. this study provides a valuable resource for determining the most suitable tissue types and processing conditions for maximizing the recovery of specific bioactive classes (e.g., catechins versus triterpenoids). This information is essential for ongoing efforts to standardize herbal preparations and to relate processing step with biological activity and product consistency. Measurements of MDA (malondialdehyde), SOD (superoxide dismutase), and CAT (catalase) revealed that the 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L doses enhanced endogenous SOD and CAT enzyme activity in the liver, kidneys, and testes. Furthermore, the 200 mg/L dose resulted in a 17.97% reduction in hepatocellular death. These findings suggest that the ethyl acetate extract ofU. gambirpossesses the ability to counteract lead acetate-induced free radicals and has the potential to be developed as a standardized herbal medicine candidate.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e303070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}