Brazilian Journal of Biology最新文献

{"title":"In vitro investigation on nanosilver-Moringa oleifera of optical characteristics, photoantimicrobial activity, and damage profile against Candida albicans biofilm.","authors":"S D Astuty, P M Tabaika, I Imelda, S D Astuti, E Endarko, N F Arifin","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.282822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.282822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanosilver material has been widely applied in the cosmetics, medical, ceramics, electronics, energy renewable and other industries. In the medical sector, nanosilver has been recombined with medicinal plant extracts that contain antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Nanosilver has also been used in photodynamic Inactivation or other terms photoantimicrobial as a photosensitizer agent. Photoinactivation is a light-based therapy technique to kill pathogenic microbial or fungal cells. This research investigates the ability of biosynthesized nanosilver using Moringa leaf extract (AgNPs-MO) to inhibit Candida albicans biofilm growth. The aspects observed were optical characteristics, photoantimicrobial activity and changes in biofilm cell morphology through the results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observations. The research results showed that the optics characteristics of nanosilver-moringa oleifera experienced a shift in the absorption wavelength compared to individual investigations of each nanoparticle and Moringa leaf extract. Single nanoparticles did not show significant wave peaks, Moringa leaf extract with λmax1=425 nm and λmax2=635 nm, while the AgNPs-MO spectrum produced λmax=440 nm. Photoantimicrobial activity for cell viability tests, the treatment with the maximum inhibitory effect was the AgNPs-MO combination LED group, 75% (red LED) and 80% (blue LED), respectively. Another indicator of photoantimicrobial activity is the malondialdehyde level produced in each Candida albicans cell due to lipid oxidation. The maximum malondialdehyde level was 1.7 nmol/mL. SEM observations show severe morphological damage was visual for the AgNPs-MO combination LED treatment group. This research is new in developing and utilizing therapeutic approaches that can potentially treat infectious diseases and overcome their severity in the future. The selection of materials and products for AgNPs-MO can be an innovative alternative used in the medical field.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e282822"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Pinnaspis strachani (Cooley, 1899) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack (Rutaceae) in the Midwest of Brazil, with a taxonomic key to common Pinnaspis species.","authors":"M T Castro, S C L Montalvão, V R S Wolff","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pinnaspis strachani (Cooley, 1899) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) is a polyphagous scale insect that has a wide range of hosts worldwide, with records of occurrence in more than 79 families and 265 plant genera. In Brazil, P. strachani has been recorded in nine states, distributed in the Southeast (4 spp.), Northeast (2 spp.), North (2 spp.), and South (1 sp.). Until now, there was no record of this armored scale insect in Central Brazil. This work reports the occurrence of P. strachani for the first time in the Midwest Region, with infestations on Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack (Rutaceae) plants. The collections were carried out in Alto Paraíso de Goiás, State of Goiás, Brazil. Morphological and ecological aspects, and geographic distribution of the occurrence of this diaspidid in Brazil are presented in this work, in addition to an identification key to most common Pinnaspis species recorded in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ichthyofauna from natural flooded fields and adjacent estuary around the marine extractive reserve of Tracuateua, Amazonia: species richness and diversity.","authors":"S Matos, C Ferreira, Í Lutz, J Costa, T Martins, J Miranda, I Veneza, I Sampaio, G Evangelista-Gomes","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, we investigated the diversity of fishes from naturally flooded fields along the Chapada community and the Quatipuru River estuary in the municipality of Tracuateua, Northeastern Pará, coastal Amazon. The samples were collected in two wetland collection sites and in one collection site of the estuarine region of the Quatipuru River from September 2019 to September 2020, one collection per month, thus comprising both dry and rainy seasons. A total of 1,293 individuals were collected, divided into 15 orders, 26 families and 49 species. The most abundant orders were Characiformes (31.4%), Siluriformes (29%) and Acanthuriformes (14.7%). The highest density of individuals was recorded during the rainy season (N=662), while the highest number of species was observed in the estuarine region (collection site 3) (S=32). The highest Shannon index diversity values were obtained during the dry season in collection site 3 (H'=2.3006). On the other hand, the richness was higher at this collection site during the rainy season (d=3.5794). This work provided the first detailed data about the local ichthyofauna, being useful to the further development of effective policies for the management and monitoring of regional natural resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of HPV DNA, in-silico validation and role of E6 protein in colorectal carcinogenesis.","authors":"S Khan, M Ur Rehman, Q Shakeela, S Ahmed, A Hayat","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.288324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.288324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human papillomavirus is a prevalent sexually transmitted disease. Studies have shown a connection between HPV and malignancies of the cervix, penis, vulva, vagina, anus, and oropharynx. Colon cancer ranks 10th among all cancers in Pakistan, with 2.7% incidence and 2.4% mortality, while rectal cancer ranks 16th with 1.8% incidence and 1.5% mortality, according to Globocan 2020 data. The native Pakistani population has been progressively affected by colorectal cancer in just four years. The frequency of the disease in males increased threefold, from 2.3 to 6.8%, and in females, from 2.5 to 6.7%. This study was based on 135 paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens collected from several hospitals in Hazara division, Pakistan. Predominantly, the samples were Adenocarcinoma of the colon, rectal squamous carcinoma, and adenoma of the colon. Ten normal biopsy specimens were taken as controls. After processing and treatment with liquid nitrogen, specimens were tested using the GeneXpert PCR to detect HPV DNA and high-risk genotypes HPV16, HPV18, and HPV45. No HPV DNA was found in any of the control samples. 85 (62%) of the 135 specimens had HPV DNA identified, while seven specimens were detected with low-risk genotypes HPV6, HPV11, and HPV55. In the In-silico study, the role of E6 in colorectal cancer development was investigated through pathway analysis. E6 protein structures were retrieved and visualized in MOE 2015.10. The structure of P16INK4A was also retrieved from Pdb, and docking was performed between E6 and P16INK4A to generate a docking complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e288324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of predictive biomarkers and immunologic markers for breast cancer: current status and future perspectives.","authors":"S U Rehman, U Asel, M Abdullah, K Osmonaliev, A Habib, A Shahzad, N Abdillaeva","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.292947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. The development of predictive biomarkers and immunologic markers has revolutionized breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, enabling personalized medicine approaches. This study aims to review the current status, challenges, and future directions of predictive and immunologic biomarkers in breast cancer. Predictive biomarkers such as HER2/neu expression, estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) status, and genomic signatures play a crucial role in treatment decisions, particularly for hormone receptor-positive and HER2-positive tumors. Immunologic markers, including PD-L1 expression, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), are essential for predicting responses to immunotherapy, especially in aggressive subtypes like triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, challenges such as tumor heterogeneity, therapy resistance, and standardization of biomarker testing remain significant barriers. This study also explores emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), genomic profiling, and liquid biopsy, which are expected to enhance precision medicine, improve early diagnosis, and optimize treatment strategies. The integration of these advanced molecular approaches holds great promise for improving patient outcomes and overcoming existing limitations in breast cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292947"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of insecticides and fungicides for treatment of soybean seeds against adults of Myochrous armatus (Baly, 1865) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).","authors":"M C Jean-Baptiste, A Lima de Brida, E R Pinheiro, M G C E Greco, K J Pinto, R Joseph, F R M Garcia","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The soybean mealworm Myochrous armatus (Baly, 1865) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) feeds on leaves and stems in the initial stages of soybean growth, reducing grain yield and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soybean seed treatment with systemic insecticides and fungicides to protect against M. armatus adults. These adults were exposed to active ingredients and combinations of systemic insecticides and fungicides, and the effects were observed after direct planting. The study was conducted in an experimental field in the municipality of São Gabriel do Oeste, in state of MS, Brazil. The field was sown with the 8473RSF Desafios RR soybean cultivar, in randomized blocks with six treatments and four replications per treatment, such as the control (untreated); pyraclostrobin, thiophanate -methyl, fipronil; clothianidin + thiophanate -methyl, fluazinam; cyantraniliprole + thiophanate -methyl, fluazinam; fipronil + thiophanate -methyl, fluazinam; and thiamethoxam + fipronil + thiophanate -methyl, fluazinam, used at dosages of 100 kg of soybean seeds for the protect soybean plants against attacks by M. armatus and fungi. Five adult insects were released per cage for artificial infestation. The lowest number of attacked plants occurred in the treatments with pyraclostrobin; fipronil and thiamethoxam + fipronil, 21 days after infestation (DAI). The treatment with thiamethoxam + fipronil differed statistically from the control, with efficiency of 85%. The lowest percentage of dead plants was found in the treatment with thiamethoxam + fipronil at 0.96%. The treatment with thiamethoxam + fipronil in combination was most efficient for controlling M. armatus.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic activities of different solvent extracts of Zygophyllum fabago L.","authors":"A Mamurova, G Kairanova, A Beyatli, G Smagulova, A Yedilova, K Zhaldybayev, K Zhumalina, A Toregeldiyeva","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties of six solvent extracts (ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane) obtained from the roots and aerial parts of Zygophyllum fabago L. growing in the arid and saline regions of southern Kazakhstan. Antioxidant potential was assessed using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, with Trolox as a reference standard. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts was determined using the broth microdilution method. The ethanol extract of aerial parts demonstrated the highest total phenolic content (128.29 ± 0.81 mg GAE/g) and the strongest antioxidant activity (DPPH SC50 = 42.57 ± 3.03 µg/mL), where SC50 represents the concentration required to scavenge 50% of free radicals. Ethyl acetate extracts exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, particularly against E.coli and C.albicans (MIC <9 µg/mL). Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay on NIH-3T3, K562, and Saos cell lines. The ethyl acetate extracts (both roots and aerial parts) were most effective against K562 leukemia cells, with IC50 values of 121.0 ± 2.5 µg/mL and 120.4 ± 3.1 µg/mL, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of Z. fabago extracts as natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293666"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial potential of Thymus vulgaris (Thyme) oil against Escherichia coli strains isolated from food.","authors":"L Brito-Junior, H C Brito, M M Simões, J H A Farias, B Santos, F M C Marques, M A A Medeiros, M S Alves, C T Pereira, A F Diniz, V L R Vilela, A Oliveira-Filho","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.292165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for meat-based foods, even if it allows to increase the shelf life of commercialized foods, can lead to contamination by pathogenic microorganisms. In this sense, the present study aimed to test the potential antibacterial effect of Thymus vulgaris (thyme) essential oil against food-borne strains of the bacterium Escherichia coli. Therefore, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) analyses were performed on microdilution plates. In addition, the study of the association of the product with synthetic antimicrobials, performed by the disk diffusion technique, as well as the antiadherent activity, which was determined in the presence of sucrose, in glass tubes. Therefore, thyme oil showed a strong inhibitory activity, as well as a bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli strains, with MIC and MBC values ​​equal to 512 μg/mL for all strains analyzed. Furthermore, T. vulgaris oil exhibited interactions in the association, with an antagonistic effect for most antibacterials. Regarding antiadherence activity, the test product was effective in inhibiting the adhesion of the bacterial strains under study and presented a more significant effect than 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate. Thus, thyme oil presented an antibacterial result against E. coli, being a natural product that may represent a promising alternative in the fight against foodborne diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme climatic events affecting freshwater fish reproduction in the Neotropics.","authors":"E M Brambilla, M R Suiberto, A Bialetzki, F Porto-Foresti, M G Nogueira","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.289459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.289459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of extreme climatic events on fish reproduction by comparing the density of eggs and larvae in two consecutive, but contrasting, reproductive cycles: one atypically dry and the other with intensive rains caused by a strong El Niño event. Samples were collected fortnightly between December and February of 2014-2015 (drought cycle) and 2015-2016 (wet cycle) at six sampling sites along the Sapucaí-Mirim River, southeastern Brazil. The wet cycle presented a higher density of eggs and larvae (around 10 times more) than the drought cycle (p<0.05), with a higher proportion of families with migratory species. Principal Component Analysis explained 74.2% of environmental data variability, and all the environmental variables showed statistical differences between the two reproductive cycles, except for pH and oxidation-reduction potential. Extreme climatic events clearly affect the reproduction of freshwater fish, with a negative effect during drought periods and the opposite during wet periods. A drought period can result in the loss of a reproductive cycle, especially for flooding dependent species. Nevertheless, this reproductive failure can be compensated for by a prolonged period of intensive rain and flooding. Management actions are proposed to safeguard species in the Sapucaí-Mirin River.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e289459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage caused by caterpillars in chickpea crops in tropical regions.","authors":"K S M A Padilha, R F Pegoraro, A M F Barroso, V A S F Soares, P G L Alves, E A Ferreira, R P D Souza","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.290139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.290139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caterpillars in chickpea crops represent a significant challenge, as these pests can cause substantial damage to crops. Caterpillars can lead to nutritional deficiencies in plants, reduce the number and quality of grains, and in severe cases, even result in total crop failure. The aim of this study was to report the first occurrence of defoliating caterpillars in chickpea crops, cultivar BRS Cristalino, in northern Minas Gerais, describing the damage caused to the plants, aiming to fill this knowledge gap and contribute to the sustainable development of this important legume in the country. This study was conducted in an experimental area without chemical control, relying only on manual collection of caterpillars. The occurrence and damage of caterpillars during planting were evaluated. Four species of caterpillars were identified: Heliothis virescens, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera eridania, Oxydia saturniata. Damage occurred in 27% of the pods and 33% of the leaves sampled. In the leaves, the caterpillars caused partial and total loss of parts of the leaves, and attacked the stem of the plant, leading to structural weakening. Attack on the pods and developing grains resulted in damaged grains, which decreased the quality of the product. These findings highlight the importance of early pest monitoring and management to avoid economic losses, as well as the need for further research on chickpea tolerance to pest damage and the development of integrated pest management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e290139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}