Brazilian Journal of Biology最新文献

{"title":"Propolis may reduce severity for radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review.","authors":"Robbysson Cayke de Sousa Pereira, Clarissa Moraes Bastos, Matheus Henrique Alves de Lima, José Marcos Santos Oliveira, Glória Maria de França, Sonia Maria Soares Ferreira","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.299676","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.299676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most common and debilitating complications in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck tumors. Its consequences include intense pain, nutritional impairment, and compromised treatment adherence. Within this context, propolis has been investigated as a therapeutic alternative because of its anti-inflammatory, healing, and antimicrobial properties. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the propolis formulations in the prevention and treatment of OM in patients undergoing radiotherapy in the head and neck region. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The study design was clinical trials randomized or not, prevention and treatment for OMS were evaluated as well as adverse effects and outcomes. The risk of bias in the studies was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Four clinical trials were included, totaling 134 participants. Three studies used propolis as a mouthwash and one as a gel. Most studies used the NCI-CTCAE scale for assessing OM and one study applied the World Health Organization scale. Propolis may reduce the severity of oral mucositis compared to placebo. The best results in the current literature were obtained by the third week of treatment, especially with the mouthwash formulation. Propolis appears to be promising for the management of OM, showing relevant therapeutic benefits, especially because of its easy application, safety profile, and low cost. However, new clinical trials are needed to standardize formulations, dosages, and assessment scales so that propolis can be included in clinical cancer care guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e299676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological diversity of BC1 families in ornamental pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).","authors":"E S Barbosa, N B F Silva, M G Silva, T A Moura, M M Rêgo, E R Rêgo","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.305187","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.305187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Capsicum annuum L. is recognized for its high ornamental potential due to diverse plant stature, plant architecture, and fruit traits. The objective of this study was to evaluate BC1 families of ornamental pepper to identify genotypes with favorable aesthetic and agronomic attributes for selection in breeding programs. Six pure F8 lines were backcrossed to the ethylene-resistant donor parent UFPB 77.3, resulting in six BC1 families. These families were evaluated using 19 quantitative morphological descriptors of the plant, flower, and fruit. The analyses revealed significant genetic variability among the families, with high heritability values for traits related to plant stature and fruit morphology, indicating predominant genetic control and a satisfactory response to selection. Family 56.26.34.1.4.1.1.1 exhibited greater vegetative vigor and a more favorable combination of ornamental traits, whereas families 56.26.24.1.1.1.1.1 and 56.8.24.1.2.1.1.1 showed lower plant heights and greater earliness. Hierarchical clustering divided the BC1 families into three distinct groups, highlighting phenotypic differences. The first two canonical variables analysis explained 74.05 % of the total variability. The results demonstrate the high potential of the BC1 population for ornamental pepper breeding, enabling the selection of superior genotypes and the planning of strategic crosses focused on more attractive, standardized cultivars with greater post-harvest longevity.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e305187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification and environmental characterization of Gracilaria firma in Lapindo-affected aquaculture ponds.","authors":"L B R Ritonga, M Fadjar, Y Kilawati, M Mahmudi","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.303626","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.303626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The continuous discharge of Lapindo mud into the Porong River since 2006 has altered the ecological conditions of coastal aquaculture ponds in Kedungpandan Village, Sidoarjo. Resultant changes in water quality, organic loading, and heavy metal variability may influence the performance of cultivated Gracilaria species. This study aimed to molecularly identify local Gracilaria using the p23SrV genetic marker and characterize pond water quality under the influence of Lapindo sedimentation. Molecular identification was conducted on seaweed samples collected from a single sampling site (station TD2), while environmental conditions were evaluated through water quality assessments at nine sampling stations. DNA analysis involved extraction, PCR amplification, and Sanger sequencing, followed by BLASTn analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction. The sampled specimen exhibited 100% sequence identity with Gracilaria firma, supported by 100% query coverage and an E-value of 0, supporting species-level identification. Environmental parameters across stations ranged as follows: temperature 29.7-34.1 °C, salinity 19-24 ppt, pH 7.19-8.91, dissolved oxygen 7.7-9.9 mg L-1, nitrate 0-12.1 mg L-1, and total organic matter (TOM) 22.12-91.64 mg L-1. Lead (Pb) was detected at very low concentrations 0.001-0.0037 mg L-1, while cadmium (Cd) remained below the detection limit. In contrast, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were present at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 3.42 mg L-1 and 0 to 0.07 mg L-1, respectively. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified TOM, Cu, and nitrate as the principal drivers of spatial variability in pond conditions. This study provides the first molecular-based identification of Gracilaria firma in this region based on the analyzed specimen and presents an integrated analytical approach that contributes to environmental assessment in coastal aquaculture systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e303626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhodopseudomonas palustris increase soybean photosynthesis and protein levels in grains.","authors":"R T Santos, D M Marques, J P Ferreira, K R D Souza, J Miguel-Júnior, Y A Castro, T C Souza","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.301595","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.301595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhodopseudomonas palustris, a photosynthetic bacterium with biostimulant properties, enhances agricultural productivity by increasing plant resistance to environmental stresses. To assess its impact on soybean cultivation, we conducted a field experiment employing a randomized complete block design comprising six treatments and five replicates. The treatments included the following: (1) control treatment (no application); (2) bacterial treatment in the sowing furrow; (3) bacterial treatment in the sowing furrow involving two foliar applications at the six-trifoliate stage and the beginning of flowering; (4) foliar treatment at the six-trifoliate stage; (5) two foliar treatments, one at the six-trifoliate stage and one at the beginning of flowering; and (6) three foliar treatments, one at the six-trifoliate stage, one at the beginning of flowering and the third during pod formation. Foliar application of Rhodopseudomonas palustris at the six-trifoliate stage significantly increased the photosynthetic rate and height of the soybean plants. The starch content in the soybean leaves exhibited a greater increase across all the R. palustris treatments. Notably, compared with those in the control plants, the protein levels in the leaves in the R. palustris-treated groups were elevated. Furthermore, the treatments involving foliar application at the six-trifoliate stage and three foliar applications showed a marked increase in protein content in the grains. This approach optimizes soybean plant growth and increases grain protein content, thereby improving the nutritional value of cereal plants. Innovative biotechnologies, such as the application of R. palustris, have the potential to enhance physiological and biochemical responses while increasing the commercial quality of soybean crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e301595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline sporotrichosis in an urban setting in northeastern Brazil: clinical and epidemiological aspects in a Municipal Veterinary Hospital.","authors":"J F Passos, C L C Belfort, D M C Silva, J G Pereira, L M Lacerda, F A Melo, V C S Coimbra, C J R M Rosário","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.305285","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.305285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline sporotrichosis is an emerging zoonotic mycosis of major relevance in urban areas of Brazil, with cats playing a central role in disease maintenance and transmission. This study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of feline sporotrichosis cases treated at the Municipal Veterinary Hospital of São Luís (HVM-SLZ), Maranhão, Brazil, between June 2024 and July 2025. An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted based on the analysis of 111 medical records of cats with suspected or confirmed sporotrichosis. Epidemiological and clinical variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Most affected animals were male, aged 1-6 years, non-neutered, and had free access to the outdoor environment. Lesions were predominantly disseminated, mainly involving the head and limbs, and about one third of the animals presented respiratory signs. Diagnosis was based exclusively on clinical criteria in more than half of the cases, while clinical evaluation combined with cytology was used in a substantial proportion. Most animals were referred for home treatment, whereas a considerable proportion had euthanasia indicated and a small fraction died. Cases were widely distributed across different neighborhoods, indicating broad urban dissemination. In conclusion, feline sporotrichosis in São Luís shows a pattern of wide urban spread, predominantly affecting non-neutered cats with outdoor access and frequently presenting as disseminated cutaneous disease, reinforcing the need to strengthen laboratory diagnosis and integrated One Health surveillance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e305285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnobotanical knowledge and utilization of Goniothalamus macrophyllus among local communities in the lowland forests of Kuningan, West Java.","authors":"Ilham Adhya, Nina Herlina, Ika Karyaningsih, Yayan Hendrayana, Toto Supartono, Fahrul Shobarudin Syahban, Heris Fujiman, Ossa Yuniar Puspatriyani, Lilis Nur Alpiyah","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.301335","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.301335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Goniothalamus macrophyllus is a tropical forest species known for its bioactive compounds, particularly anticancer activity. Despite this, information regarding its traditional uses and community conservation perspectives remains scarce. This study explores the ethnobotanical knowledge of local communities related to G. macrophyllus, emphasizing traditional knowledge, utilization, and conservation views. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with residents living near lowland forests, and data were analyzed descriptively. Results reveal that only a limited number of respondents recognized G. macrophyllus, with knowledge transmitted orally and through practical experience. The species was reported to occur in forests, yet most respondents were unaware of its population status or regeneration capacity. Traditional utilization was minimal, with the most notable practice being the use of stems as snake repellents-newly recorded ethnobotanical knowledge, as the plant has previously been documented mainly for its anticancer properties. From a conservation perspective, respondents acknowledged the cultural, medicinal, and economic importance of the species. However, awareness of potential population decline due to overexploitation was lacking. This study underscores the gap between local knowledge and scientific understanding, highlighting the urgent need for documentation, education, and community-based conservation strategies to ensure the sustainable use of G. macrophyllus.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e301335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk productivity of mares.","authors":"Zhylkibayev Asset, Kudiyarov Rahim, Makpal Kargayeva","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.303508","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.303508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To determine the milk productivity of Kazakh horses of the Adai region in variants of selection and technological indicators of milk for the production of cumus in the conditions of the Mangyshlak peninsula of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The object of the study was the Kazakh horse of the Adai intra-breed type at \"Taushyk\" LLP (Tupkaragan District, Mangystau Region). Mares with a more pronounced milk production were selected and analyzed . they have investigated the quality of milk for further processing. A characteristic feature of the dynamics of milk sugar content during lactation has been identified. The highest lactose concentration was observed in the 4th month of lactation, followed by a decline. In the first two months of lactation, no significant changes in lactose content were detected. The milk produced by mares of the Kazakh Aday breed is characterized by a high content of fat and lactose and therefore meets the technological requirements for koumiss production. According to the research results, it was found that the homogeneous selection of parental pairs cup-shaped + cup-shaped ensures the yield of offspring of daughters cup-shaped 70% and rounded 30%. With the improving heterogeneous selection of rounded + cup-shaped, the yield of mares with cup-shaped udders was 60% and rounded 40%.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e303508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sound characteristics and discrimination of two sympatric holocentrid fishes from the Southwestern Atlantic.","authors":"T F Xavier","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.299854","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.299854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Holocentrid fishes produce sounds during specific events such as shelter defense, chases within schools, and situations of stress or threat, including the approach of predators, divers, or in response to handling. This study describes the sound parameters of two sympatric holocentrid species, Holocentrus adscensionis and Myripristis jacobus, from Northeastern Brazil and examines their relationship with morphometric characteristics. These sounds were short in duration (<100 ms), with variable numbers of pulses, pulse periods, and last pulse durations. Frequency parameters were all below 500 Hz. Species-specific acoustic properties were identified, with M. jacobus showing the highest differentiation rate (81.65%) and an overall classification accuracy of 70.25%. In M. jacobus, significant correlations were found between total length and sound parameters, particularly with dominant frequency (R2 = 0.50, p < 0.001). These findings expand the knowledge of the acoustic properties of holocentrids and reinforce the importance of further investigating sound production in marine organisms of the Southwestern Atlantic.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e299854"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative characteristics of the inheritance of breeding traits in different mating schemes of grey Karakul sheep populations.","authors":"N Azhimetov, Zh Parzhanov, S Alimbekov, M Yermakhanov, M Butayev, T Zhigitekov","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.300271","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.300271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study was conducted at the base farms of \"OtrarAgro\" LLP and \"Narmet\" farm in the Turkestan region, both specializing in the breeding of Karakul sheep of grey coloration. According to the research findings, a comparative assessment of the inheritance patterns of breeding traits in the offspring obtained from grey Karakul rams with silvery and bluish fur shades, bred in different ecological and climatic zones (local and imported), when mated to black ewes, demonstrated that the highest inheritance rate of the jacket-type fur with silvery shade was observed in the progeny of imported rams (63.0%), compared to 55.8% in local rams, with a difference of 7.2% (P>0.999). A similar trend was recorded for the bluish-colored jacket-type fur: 59.0% in the progeny of imported rams versus 50.7% in local ones, with a difference of 8.3% (P>0.999). The share of elite- and class I-grade lambs among offspring of local and imported silvery-grey rams reached 80.1% and 85.6%, respectively, with a difference of 5.5% (P>0.99) in favor of imported rams. Comparable dynamics were observed in the progeny of bluish-grey rams: 80.5% and 88.5%, respectively, with an average difference of 8.0% (P>0.999). In heterogeneous matings of local silvery-grey rams to black ewes, the inheritance ratio in the offspring was 51.6% black and 48.4% grey. When imported silvery-grey rams were used, the ratio was 51.0% and 49.0%, maintaining a consistent 1:1 distribution. In heterogeneous matings involving bluish-grey rams and black ewes, the inheritance ratio similarly amounted to 51.6% black and 48.4% grey. These results reconfirm the regularity of the 50:50 distribution of grey versus black lambs. Evaluation of parameters determining the qualitative traits of silvery-patterned fur in both mating groups revealed the following: the correlation between white fiber content and evenness/expression of coloration was highly significant (r=0.104±0.007, P<0.001), with the magnitude of influence ranging from 8.1-12.6% and 25.7-28.8%, respectively. The correlation between the excessive white fiber length and its effect on evenness/expression was also statistically significant (r=0.109±0.008, P<0.001 and r=0.336±0.004, P<0.001). In the third and fourth mating variants, the corresponding parameters were: content of white fibers versus evenness/expression - r=0.111±0.006, P<0.001; excessive length of white fibers and its effect on evenness/expression - r=0.113±0.006, P<0.001 and r=0.342±0.005, P<0.001; with the magnitude of influence ranging from 9.4-13.7% and 33.1-37.1%, respectively. A highly significant genetic association (P<0.001) was identified between white fiber content and excessive fiber length. The breeding and genetic relevance of these findings confirms that the direction of the presented research aligns with modern requirements of applied science and contributes to improving the efficiency of fur sheep breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e300271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and determinants of bee stings in Tocantins.","authors":"D C Queirós, M Trevisan, C S Seibert","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.299572","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.299572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bees form a diverse group that with approximately 3,000 native species in Brazil. This study investigated the associations between bee, particularly Africanized honey bees, stings and environmental, social, and epidemiological factors in the state of Tocantins, using a retrospective, quantitative approach. We analyzed data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) from 2012 to 2022. During this period, Tocantins recorded the highest incidence of bee Apis mellifera stings in the country, with 275.8 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. This elevated incidence was associated with agricultural expansion and climatic conditions, with stings occurring more frequently during periods of high temperatures. Most cases were classified as mild (95.6%) and primarily affected men and individuals of mixed race, aged 15 to 59 years. Older adults showed the highest case-fatality rate. We conclude that bee stings in Tocantins follow patterns observed nationwide and are linked to environmental and social factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"e299572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}